■Uhe RURAL NEW-YORKER 
113 
Crops and Farm Notes 
This is not mnch of a farming country. 
Tt is the center of the gla.ss industry in 
this State, also oil and gas. Thousands 
of acres of fine land are grown up to un- 
d(M'brush, and as we are 2,300 feet above 
sea level we cannot grow corn success¬ 
fully. The products raised here are oats, 
buckwheat, i-ye, and some wheat, hay, po¬ 
tatoes. s(]uash, i)umpkins and all other 
vegetables that will grow in a Northern 
climate. Prices range as follows to the 
farmer: Buckwheat, ,$2.50 per cwt.; 
oats, (inc bu.; potatoes, bn.; apples. 
$1.25; wheat, ,$1.70; buckwheat flour, (ic 
i)er lb. Eggs, 55c doz.; chickens, dressed, 
20c per lb. Ilay, $1G loose, baled $10; 
straw, baled, $10. The above are prices 
direct from farmer to consumer; prices 
much higher when it gets in the middle¬ 
man’s hands. K. Ii. H, 
McKean Co., Pa 
Here are the ruling prices on feeds 
and farm products: Bran, homemade, 
$35: Western .$.32; cornmeal $40;cotton- 
seed meal, 38 to 42 per cent., $45; 20 per 
cent. $.3.3. Wheat $1.00 bu.; potatoes 
.$1.50 bu.; live turkeys 20c at car; whole 
milk 4 to 5c per qt.; butterfat 30 to 35c 
at dairy. C. W. li. 
Greenbriar Co., W. Va. 
Potatoes, wholesale, $1.65; retail 
$1.75; old hens 20c lb.; cow beef 8e by 
side; calf hides 18c lb.; beef hides 22e 
lb. Hay. No. 1 $18; No. 2 ,$!(!. Milk 
$2 per can of 40 qts. Fresh milch cows 
$75 to $100: veal calves 11c lb., IKe 
weight. Ai)ples delivered six miles to 
railroad, $1 per cwt. r. r. F. 
Lackawanna Co., Pa. 
We have no auctions, but at private 
sale on local market, present prices are 
as follows: Eggs 42c; butter 32 to .38c; 
lard 1.3c; side meat 1.5c. Potatoes .$1.20; 
onions 80c. Milk, per 100 lbs. (delivered 
at station) $2.35 for 4.0% test per 10() 
lbs. Live calves (best) 11c per lb. 
During the season I received $1.50 per 
bbl. for best apples at orchard. Local 
stores paid 00c per bushel for them, but 
would only handle a few bushels at a 
time then. Now, when we have n<o 
more to market, they are olTering $1 per 
bu. and better, and getting them shipped 
in for local trade, same grade of apples 
we handled earlier, and town folks are 
wondering why apples cost so much. 
Cumberland Co., I’a. o. p. jr. 
Crops good in this vicinity. Potatoes 
$1.25 to $1..30 per bu.; corn 80c; bar¬ 
ley $1; oat.s 50c; rye $1.25 to $1.30. 
Tame hay $12 to $16 per ton. Eggs 
30c; butter 40c. Hogs, live, $0.50 per 
cwt., dressed $11.50 cwt. Beef $3 to 
$0 per cwt.;. veal $10. Bran $28 to $30 
per ton; middlings $30; Hour middlings 
$.35; oil meal .$47; Ajax feed $14. But¬ 
terfat, farmers’ creamery, Novembei*, 
40c. M. ir. 
Sauk Co., Wis.^ 
Ai)ples, Doyle.stown market, basket 
05c; potatoes 00c; cabbage 9c lb.; poul¬ 
try. dressed, from 18 to 22c; eggs, per 
doz.. 50c. Butter at creamery 45c. But¬ 
terfat at three differpiu creameries 54c 
lb. lowest and 05c lb. highest. liye at 
mill $1.15 bu.; pork $14 per cwt. 
Bucks Co., Pa. j. ii. 
All vegetables, butter and meat are 
higher than before. Oats 55c bu.; hay 
$10 to $12 a ton; potatoes $1.50 bu.; 
butter .35 to 40c i)er lb. Apples ,50c to 
$1; eggs 40c. Pigs 10c per lb., live 
weight. Beef cows $25, $35 and $50 
a head ; fresh cows .$40, .$50 and $00. 
Clarion Co., Pa. K. .S. 
llye $1.40 per bu.; oats 00c; buck¬ 
wheat $1.25 to .$1..30 per bu.; hay $14 
to $18; rye straw $8. New milch cows 
from $85 up to $100; others from $45 
to $00. Milk 4% to 5c per qt., whole¬ 
sale; butter about 42c per lb. A. n. 
Itensselaer Co., N. Y. 
We ship our milk to Philadelphia, re¬ 
ceiving $2..30 per cwt. f. o. b. Palm for 
3.8 per cent. milk. The freight is 28c 
])er cwt., and .‘>.25 per cent, milk is then 
•sold for 9(! per (piart or 5e per pint to 
the city consumer. w. ll. K. 
Montgomery Co., Pa. 
All feeds are high here. Bran ,$2,S 
per ton ; middlings $34; cornmeal .$42; 
ground corn and oats $40. Good hay 
rea.sonable at $12 per ton; wheat $52 
ton. Good horses about $50 cheaper and 
cows $25 cheaper than a year ago. 
Stores i)aying 32c lb. for butter and 36e 
per doz. for egg.s, though shippers of 
fresh hennery eggs are receiving 40 to 
5()c and 40 to 42c for their butter. This 
is a fruit and berry country of small 
farms; for general farming and dairy¬ 
ing one has to go a few miles inland. 
Berrien Co., Mich. w. s. w. 
Fruit receives very little attention ex¬ 
cept for home consumption. .Some ap¬ 
ples ai’e sold, bringing $1 per 100 lbs. 
at the railroad. Almost every family 
has a small garden of their own, so there 
is not much sold. This being quite a 
potato section a great nuwiy are shipped, 
the general price being $1.50 for 00 lbs.; 
the late potatoes were a good crop. 
Buckwheat is raised here quite exten¬ 
sively ; the yield was not quite normal. 
It has been selling for about .‘Ic per lb. 
Very little coi-u raised here except for 
silage; we buy corn for $2 to $2.20 per 
lbs. Milk is sold mostly at the nearby 
skimming stations for about 2c less than 
the highest quotations in New York City, 
farmers taking their skinumilk home. 
Milch cow^s from $50 to $150; fat cows 
5c to Oc on foot. 10 to 12c dressed. ; 
Pigs are about the same i)rice as cows 
per lb. there are a good many farmers 
who keep from 500 to 1.500 fowls. White 
Leghorns mostly, shipj.ing their eggs to 
the city, getting the highest market price 
for fancy white. Wheat and rye are 
raised just for home consumption. Hay 
was a large crop; most-farmers are hold¬ 
ing it on account of price, it being about 
$12 at railroad. j, c. P. 
Bradford Co., Pa. 
New York State Fruit Growers’Association 
Part II. 
Prof. Whetzel, of Cornell, on “Dust¬ 
ing Orchards as_a Substitute for Spray¬ 
ing,” said that in four years of careful 
experiments dusting has given as good 
results as spraying, with 3.3 per cent, 
in favor of perfect apples, 1.7 per cent, 
in favor of scab control, and 1.9 jier 
cent, in favor of worm control. In 1916 
there was a slight difference in favor of 
spraying, due to the poor weather for 
dusting and inability to get finely pow¬ 
dered sulphur. The dust mxiture is 
applied with an outfit which depends on 
a rotary fan to furnish an air current, 
and which is provided with a hopper and 
feeding device to drop the mixture slowly 
into the air tube. The motive power 
may be hand or .engine. For small 
orchards a hand-power machine will 
prove satisfactr-y. It may be placed in 
the back of a platform wagon, and one 
man and a boy with a horse arc suffi¬ 
cient to operate it. The mixture is ap¬ 
plied by driving slowly back and forth 
on each side of every row, distributing 
the dust by long up-and-down sweeps 
of the outlet pipe. By weighing out a 
known quantity of the mixture at the 
start the operator will soon learn how 
fast to drive in order to distribute an 
average of from 1% to 2^ pounds per 
tree each time. It is likely that in most 
oases the horse can be driven at a mod¬ 
erate pace, and one may be sure that the 
outfit is not working properly if it is 
necessary to stop at a tree. 
The secret of obtaining apples free from 
disease or insect injury lies in the timeli¬ 
ness of application of the material. This 
is true regardless of the material used. 
It lias boon found from experience over a 
number of years that thei-e are at least 
four times when a treatment may prove 
of value. These times are: 1. When the 
blossom buds show pink. 2. Just as soon 
as the blossoms have fallen. This is the 
important application for codling moth 
and should never be omitted. 3. Three 
weeks after the second treatment. 4. Ten 
weeks after the second treatment. 
In order to control apple scab the mix¬ 
ture should be on the trees before pro¬ 
longed periods of rain and fog. It has 
been found that rain does not wash much 
of the material from the trees, and in 
some cases dust has been applied in mist 
and fog. A very favorable time for apply¬ 
ing the mixture is on a calm morning 
while dew is still on the trees. In order 
to obtain good results with dusting use 
a mixture containing 85% of exceedingly 
fine sulphur and 1.5% of equally finely 
powdered arsenate of le.-ul. Dlake the 
applications from both sides of the trees, 
applying from 1% to 2^^ lbs. of the mi.x- 
ture per tree each time. Make at least 
the first three applications of dust, and in 
rainy seasons make four or live. 
On Plant. Disease F. C. Stewart said 
that now that entomologists are advocat¬ 
ing the delayed-dormant application in the 
spraying of apples for the control of San 
.Tos4 scale and rosy aphis, the question 
arises as to what value this has in the 
control of scab and whether it is neces- 
s.ary to make, also, the “pink” treatment 
M e are told that the delayed-dormant ap¬ 
plication should be made when the new 
leaves are one-fourth to one-half inch 
long. IVill the application of lime-sul¬ 
phur at th.-it stage control scab, or must 
a second application be made when the 
blossoms show pink? It should be under¬ 
stood that no spraying schedule fits per- 
fectly all seasons, on account of varying 
weather conditions which affect the de¬ 
velopment of the scab fungus and sus¬ 
ceptibility of the fruit and foliage. 
Our recommendations, then, may be 
stated in this way: Under fairly good 
weather conditions only the delayed-dor¬ 
mant application need be made; but when 
the weather is cold and wet the “pink” 
spray should be made. From the evi¬ 
dence at hand it appears to us that 
cherry growers will find it profitable to 
make at least two applications of spray 
mixture for leaf spot (either lime-sulphur 
or Bordeaux) : (1) Just after the drop¬ 
ping of the petals. (2) As late as pos¬ 
sible before the ripening of the fruit. It 
is possible also that an earlier and a 
latex application than these two may be 
advisable. Even though an ajiplicatioii 
before blooming may be of no benefit in 
the control of leaf-spot, it may, never¬ 
theless, be advisable to make it for the 
prevention of blossom blight caused by 
the brown-rot fungus, Monilia, Avhicli 
sometimes does considerable damage. 
Dr. V. B. Stewart, who has been suc¬ 
cessful in controling cherry leaf-spot in 
the nursery, recommends lime-sulphur, 
l-oO, with tho addition of one and one- 
half pounds of iron sulphate to each 60 
gallons to insure against injury to the 
foliage. w. u. j. 
When you write advertisers mention 
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guarantee editorial page. 
' V' 
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You can easily grow delicious 
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Box 20, Fredonia, New York 
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