126 
RURAL NEW-YORKER 
Arrow 
form fit 
Collars 
Have bands and 
tops curve cut to 
fit the anatomy of 
the shoulders. 
15c each 6 for 90c 
CLUETT, PEABODY & CO., Inc. MAKERS 
Talbot 
DOWN and 
One Year 
To Pay 
Fot any Snze—Direct front Factory 
You can now Kct one of these splendid monex-making. labor- 
savinj? machines on a plan whereby it will earn its own cost and 
more before you pay. You won’t feel the cost at all. 
BUYS 
THE 
MS' BUTTERFLY 
30 DtrS' FREE TRUE A^LIFnlME* 
No. 2 Junior—a Ilsht runnlne, easy olcsmlnK, close Bklmming, durable, 
llfetltno Ruarantcod separator. Sktnis 05 Quarts per hour, ^/e also ciake live other 
slzcsup to our blgSOO lb. capacity machine shown here—all sold at similar low prices 
and on our liberal terms of only $2 down and a year to pay 
Patented One-Pieco 
Aluminum ''Skim¬ 
ming Device, Rust 
Proof and Easily 
Cleaned — Low 
Down Tank — Oil 
Bathed Ball Bear¬ 
ings— Easy Turn- 
ing-^Sa nitary 
Frame—Open Milk 
end Cream Spouts. 
You can have 30 days FREE trial and see for yourself 
bow easily one of these splendid machines will earn 
its own cost and more before you t)ay. Try it along¬ 
side of any separator you wish. Keep it if pleased. 
If not you can return It at our expense and we will 
refund your $2 deposit and pay the freight charges 
both ways. You won’t be out one penny. You take 
no risk. Postal brings Free Catalog Folder and direct 
from factory offer. Huy from the manufacturers 
and save money. Write TODAY. 
ALBAUGH-DOVER COMPANY. 2171 Marshall Blvd., Chicago, III. 
Also Manufacturers of Alhaua'i^Dover “ffgttare Turn" Farm Tractors 
Sent on Trial 
t/hne^UCC/)X Cream 
SEPARATOR 
Thousands In Use 
tifies investigating our wonderful offer: a 
brand new, welt made, easy running, easily 
cleaned, perfect skimming separator only 
$16.95. Skims warm or cold viilk closely- 
Makes thick of thin crearn. Different from 
picture, which illustrates our low priced, large capacity machines. Bowl is a san¬ 
itary marvel and embodies all our latest improvements. Our Absolute Guarantee 
Protects Y ou. Besides wonderfully low prices and generous trial tcnns.our offer includes our— 
Easy Monthly Payment Plan 
Whether dairy is largre or small» or if you have separator of tiny make to cxchanqot do not 
fail to pot our prreat offer. Our richly illustrated catalog, sent free on rcciucst, is a most 
complete, eJaboruto ami interesting book on cream separators. Western orders filled from 
Western points« Write today for catalog aud see our big money saving proposition. 
American Separator Co., Box 1075, Bainbridge, N. Y. 
ADVANCE ENGINE 
Reasonable first cost, re¬ 
liability and long life are 
combined in this engine. 
H. M.H. Tractors with 
Advance Engines are 
well suited for farm work. 
Send for our Catalog: Kivini; full 
information on both Tractura 
and KnifincB. 
HENRY, MILLARD & HENRY CO.. York, Pa. 
■■ _ 1 
WEI 
r- ' 
^ FROM INSIDE WITH 
CELLARS 
SMOOTH-0 
N 
' -vl 
made , 
DRY - * 
IRON CEMENT NO. 7 
I Write for Cataloque 
SMOOXil-ON MFG.CO. 
Jersey City, N. J. 
HAY 
PRESS 
40styles and sizes 
for every purpose. 
Catalog free. 
f'OLLINS PLOW COMPANY 
20114 Hampahire St., Culncy, I 
BOOKS WORTH BUYING 
riant Diseases, Massee. 1-60 
I.andscape Gardening, Maynard.... 1.50 
Clovers, Shaw. l-OO 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER, 
833 WEST 30th ST., NEW YORK. 
Running 
empty docs not in- 
jure them—actually puts 
f on an edge. One set of Letz 
plates will grind 1000 to 3000 
' bushels— outlasts to 6 Eicts ordi¬ 
nary plates. Silent running and 
self-aligning. Letz grinds nil grain 
md forage crops lino as dust i.i one 
grinding — car corn, snapped 
oats, wheat, alfalfa, clover, etc. 
Make your own appetizing combina¬ 
tion stock foods andsavofifty per 
, cent w.-iste in feeding roughage. 
10 days free trial. Valuable 
‘ Feeding Book mailed free. 
LETZ MFC. COMPANY 
110 East St., Crown 
Point, Ind. 
Quaker City Feed Mills 
Grind corn and cobs, feed, 
table meal and silfaifa. 
On the market 60 years. 
Hand and power. 23 styles. 
33.30 to $10. FREE TRIAL. 
, Write for catalog and farm 
machinery bargain book. 
THE A. W. STRAUB CO. 
Dept. E'S740 Filbert St., Philadelphia, Pa. 
Dept. T*3709 S. Ashland Ave., Chicago.III. 
$ 10 , 000.00 
Backs this saw. 
As low as 
,$7.90 
It is the best and cheapest saw made. 
HERTZLER & ZOOK 
Portable 
Wood 
Saw 
ia easy to operate. 
Only $7.90 saw made lo 
which ripping table can 
bo added. Guarnntoed 
1 year. Money refunded 
• £ not satisfactory. 
Send for catalog. 
Hertzler & Zook Co. 
Box 3, Belleville. Pa. 
I New York State Breeders’ Association 
'J'lie annual nieoting was hold at Syra- 
ciiso. .Tanuary S-3D. Mayor Stone wol- 
conii’d the brecder.s in approjiriate words. 
F. W. Sessions, I’re.sident of the Asso¬ 
ciation, called attention to needed legis¬ 
lation for tlie protection of sheep from 
dygs. He commended the good work of 
the county farm Imrcau agent and recom¬ 
mended that liberal approjiriation bo 
made for State agricultural institutions. 
('lianccllor J. K. Day, of Syracuse I'lii- 
veisity, spok(‘ of the evolution of (be old 
rural scluiol in .’idding cour.ses of study 
until now we are seriously tliinkiiig of 
putting agriculture in the curriculum, not 
only in the district, but about all of the 
j imblic schools. lie said some knowli'dge 
I of agriculture would benefit all. Enlarge 
(be work of (lie imblic .school. I’lit in a 
laboratory so the .soil can bo studied and 
its needs ascertained; al.so insect life, 
etc., should be studied. Tlie boy will 
not like tlu' farm if yon follow the old 
routine, but give him a chance to study 
the Ijitest science of farming. Farmers 
arc b-arning the prnver of coiipera- 
tion. They are making prices and 
getting them. I want the farmer 
to get his share of the jirice the 
consumer jmy.s, and this will micourage 
the hoy to study farming, and stay on the 
farm, where he can have his aii'tomohile 
and as many of (he good things as the 
city inaji. ’’I’lie farm should he a manks 
inspiration tliat puts him in touch with 
great forces. He <‘an so develop his life 
that he will walk the earth witli dignity, 
lie should know that the present age is 
a great tiine to he a farmer, and awake 
to the realization of his opportunity. It 
is th(‘ greatest hu.sine.ss to farm and build 
home and character. These are some of 
the reasons why we need to link the farm 
up to the schools. 
Dr. F. Snow, of Sy racuso, road a paper 
on “Slieep on Eastern Farm.s.” He said 
a small dock as weed exterminators are 
a good proposition on most farms. With 
proper fencing of fields they can he turned 
on them at certain times of the year and 
clean 11 ]) the weeds. “There is prosi>ect,” 
he said, “of good prices for wmol and 
mutton for many years, with increasing 
population. We pi’oduce less wool per 
acre than any other country. The oppor¬ 
tunity i.s to develop .small flocks of pure¬ 
bred, registered stock on the small East¬ 
ern farms, and add the selling of stock 
for hri'cding purposes to the sale of wool 
and mutton. The dog menace should be 
handled by legislation.” 
Several members expressed the opinion 
that .slieej) can be made iirofitnhle on land 
that is worth less than .$100 per acre. 
Rough sheep hillsides may he best util¬ 
ized for sheep, and the high-priced till¬ 
able land for cows, with only a few sheep 
as weed eradicators. 
Breeding for Individuality ami Produc¬ 
tion was led by E. A. Powell. He said 
we need to breed the cow that will give 
the largest net profit for a long period— 
10 years or so. We can work toward the 
highest type, and akso for the highest 
production, from the best individual. 
Breeding stock should be selected having 
as far as possible ideal conformation, and 
wo may expect high production. Mo.st 
cattle are sold on their individual ap¬ 
pearance and the records of ancestors. 
The value of the offspring by purebred 
cows should be greater than the milk pro¬ 
duced. Individuality, or conformation, is 
the criterion that governs in .buying. In 
my experience this is of more value than 
high pedigree. Found the herd on a long 
line of animals that have not only high 
records, but good individuality. I wmiild 
place individuality as first in the stand¬ 
ard of breeding; second, good records; 
third, uniformity of both. These con¬ 
stitute the highest ideal of the dairy cow. 
Geo. A. Smith, of the State Experi¬ 
ment Station, spoke of the experiments 
carried on at the State Experiment Sta¬ 
tion that seemed to jirove the statements 
of Mr. Pow<‘ll that the best individuals 
as regards conformation have hi'i'ii the 
best producers. Select to improve the 
herd a good dam according to the re- 
(Hiirements stated, and breed her to a sire 
from .such dams. Any farmer can do 
what we have done at the station in so 
largely increasing the milk production of 
the herd. 
I'. G. Benlmn’s papi'r contained the 
.suggestion that standards for show ring 
type be rcvi.sed to take in the producing 
type. Beauty is a matter of opinion, and 
it. may be that the utility type <'aii he 
tliought beautiful. This Avill solve the 
problem of combining the utility and show 
type in one animal. The best individual 
in the dairy show cows should have the 
elements of the largest production. 
B. I). Cooper, Bn'sident of the New 
York State Dairyman’s League, gave 
some information as to the situation after 
the milk strike. He spoke of some of 
their plans for building cooperative 
plants and owning (lie buildings tliat 
handle the product of the dairy, espe¬ 
cially in times of surplus. 
l*rof. II. H. Wing, of Cornell, on “The 
Importance of Purebred Animals to the 
Dairy Interests of the State,” said that 
milk'has been cheaply sold and also too 
expensively produced, and it is more ou 
the latter subject I would now speak. 
The need of the dairyman is a more effi¬ 
cient cow. Dairymen’s problems cannot 
.lamiary 27, 1917. 
permanently be scilved on the marketing 
end, hut on the i»ro<lucing end. No dairy¬ 
man can afford to own an inefficient cow, 
and those that have efficient cows cannot 
afford to let their neighbors own ineffi- 
<’ient cows, for ho must compete with 
them. In this the progressive dairyman 
and breeder is responsible. Only five per 
cent, of the cows in tlie eoiintry are pure¬ 
bred. The increase of production hinges 
around the purebred cow. To build a 
herd of grade cows talces too long and is 
too much work. If it is worth while to 
lireed animals at all, it is only worth 
while to breed purebred animals, and the 
best ones. w. h. .i. 
Massachusetts Milk Producers 
Stock Breitding. 
“We are the keepers of the .soil upon 
which all other things depend.” declared 
K A. Hayne, of Chicago, addressing the 
Massachusetts State Board of Agriciil- 
tnre. “We shall be judged not only by 
what we produce, but by tlie eondition in 
wliicii the soil is handed down to suc¬ 
ceeding generation. A wasteful system is 
nothing less than criminal.” The speaker 
argues that live .stock is indispensable in 
maintaining the soil, and desirable be¬ 
cause it supplies year around employment 
aud income. “Live stock is the trans¬ 
former converting coarse feeds into more 
salable products, and the live stock that 
does this he.st is the only kind we can 
afford to keep.” The questions asked the 
speaker were along the line of what 
should he done to improve stock raising 
conditions. Localization was recommend¬ 
ed first of all. Young breeders should not 
try to get something different from any 
one else in their vicinity, hut should se¬ 
lect the breed that ia kept in largest mim- 
hor.s. It is only when large numbers of 
one breed are kept in a locality that out¬ 
side buyers are easily attracted, because 
of the chance afforded for selection. The 
speaker condemned paying long prices for 
inferior specimens merely because they 
came from famous stock families. It was 
hetti'r to get a good specimen that wa.s 
well bred even if the family had not been 
much advertised. Another mistake was 
selling sires before their worth is known. 
The Place of Pasteukizing. 
A difference of opinion developed in the 
discussion following the talk on pastur- 
ization by Prof. II, E. Lockwood, of 
Massachusetts. “It is a process of heat¬ 
ing milk enough to kill disease germs, 
then cooling it,” explained the speaker, 
“(^uite a percentage of milk is consumed 
by children, and the heated milk is re¬ 
garded as safer. At about 145 degrees 
disease germs are killed without the milk 
being curdle<l or the rising of cream much 
affected.” Somebody asked whether pas¬ 
teurization would drive out the small 
dealers. The speaker thought small deal¬ 
ers would get togethei", and buy low- 
priced eiiuipmcnts. Would not the ai'ded 
cost of the process repel consumers? 
“Not when they understand it,” replied 
Prof. Lockwood. “It is an educational 
proposition.” Does pasteurization injure 
the healthful germs in the milk? “I don’t 
think we need them, if they are wanted 
for special nei'ds, use buttermilk. The idea 
is that the sour ones go to the intestines, 
have a fight with the harmful germs. If 
the sour ones get the best of it, the others 
can’t work. But anyhow we don’t need 
anything of the sort for small children. 
Pasteurization makes the milk as safe as 
we can make it.” Would not the treated 
cream take on a bad flavor? “Cream takes 
on flavor more than milk,” admitted the 
speaker, “especially if not pastiirized care¬ 
fully.” Begarding compulsory use of the 
process. Dairy Agent 1*. M. Harwood re¬ 
marked tliiit there is no law allowing local 
boards of health to require pasteurization, 
except when there was some outbreak of 
disease that could he traced to the milk. 
A delegate from Framingham said they 
were thinking of requiring use of pas¬ 
teurized milk as a part of the town’s 
.$1(K),0()0 campaign against tuberculosis, 
the object being to get the town abso¬ 
lutely free of the disease. According to 
Dr. Litligoe, of the State Board of 
Health, about 80 per cent, of Boston miik 
i.s already pasturized. Several of tlu' 
breeders iiresent favored heating milk that 
is to be fed to growing calves, giving in¬ 
stances where the disease had got into the 
young stock, although the parent herd 
was entirely free. One breeder who bad 
heated the milk had no re-actors the past 
three years except in one instance. All 
tlie milk at the State college farm is pas¬ 
teurized whether used for stock or for 
table, according to Proi!' Ijockwood, who 
quoted a Washington authority for the 
statement that he would rather drink the 
pasturized milk from a tuberculous cow 
than the unpasteiirized milk from a cow 
suiiposodly free from the disease. It was 
asserted that most of the Western cream¬ 
eries wore jiasteurizing the cream from 
which their butter is made. There was a 
right temperature and a right time which 
causes very little injury to the creaiii 
Any churning up during the process of 
heating may harm the flavor. A health 
officer from Tiawrence said that the city 
is considering a municipal pastuerizing 
plant. He thought it would help the far¬ 
mers by giving them a central point at 
which to deliver their milk. It could he 
easily inspected there, and by dividing tli(‘ 
<’ity into, blocks the milk could be di.s- 
trihuted at less cost. A Brockton health 
officer declared that his city is about 
ready to try some such plan. 0. B. F. 
