142 
^/>e RURAL NEW-YORKER 
Febniary 3, 191T. 
General Farm Topics 
Legume With Oats 
AVf are plamiing to nse-HOO poniuls of 
a<-i(l jih<»si)liate on each acre of oats this 
year, but as we have no fertilizer drill 
would lik(‘ to know if you would advise 
scattering the jdiosphate on the plowed 
ground before harrowing, or wait and 
apply it to the harrowed land after it 
has been seeded? Is t'ler" any kiad of 
legume that you would recommend for 
sowing witli oats in the Sjiring and ploAV- 
ing under in the Fall as green manure? 
I tried Si)ring vetch and yellow Sweet 
clover for this purpose last Spring, but 
the vetch did not amount to much while 
the Sweet clover did not grow at all. Of 
course the si-ason was not very favorable 
for either one of these, as it came off 
very wet shortly after they were sown. 
There is no stock of any kind kept on 
this farm, and I do not want any kind 
of a crop that has to be plowed under in 
the Spring. C. G. s. 
We .should sow the pho.sphate on the 
plowed ground and harrow it in. To 
make an even distribution add an equal 
quantity of dry soil to the )pho.spliate and 
BOW all together. The best legume to go 
with the oats is Canada peas. As you do 
not want any fodder we advise Alsike 
clover with tin? o:its. It will not make 
full growth by Fall but what dues grow 
will moi'e than )>ay for labor and seed. 
Spraying for Grape Rot 
Can grape rot be controlled by thor¬ 
ough spraying with concenti-ated lime- 
sulphur solution while vines are dor¬ 
mant? If not is there any cheaper meth¬ 
od of control than copjwr sulphate and 
lime used every two weeks during grow¬ 
ing season? J. I- w. 
Sparta, Mich. 
Xo lime-sulphur should be used in the 
spraying of grai)es. at least while in leaf. 
Our oxnerienccs with this matm-ial have 
been very disastrous, resulting in a se¬ 
vere burning of the foliage as well as a 
cooking of the berries^ which they were 
unable to overcome during the season. 
At tlie harvest the clusters were quite 
largely <-omi)osed of small red or green 
bei'ries. that rendered jiacking almost pro¬ 
hibit iv<‘. The dilutions wia-e as low as 
one part of the concentrate lime-sulphur 
to tut parts of water. We have, u.sed the 
mixture at WSntor or dormant strength 
on gi'aiK'vines as .a control for powdery 
mildew, but without favor.able results. 
It is quite prtpbable that the results would 
be similar with lilack rot i-ontrol. T>or- 
deaiix mixlun' at the jiresei.t is the only 
pi’oven conti'ol for the latter disease, and 
at tlu' pre.seiit ]irice of copi)er suliihate, 
12 cents per pound, it is not an expen¬ 
sive sj)ray. r. K. gladwix. 
“ Sun Feinted ” Apples 
On page I.‘>01 you have answered .T. 
S.'s <iuestion. Let me make a further 
suggestion upon the subject. Take plain 
watei'-color paint, and with a medium 
stub pen write the desired letters on the 
cheek ■ of the a])i)l(“s tuimed to the sun 
most. Do this writing just lad'ore the 
apples .“rtart coloidng. When you pick 
the fruit you can very easily wipe off 
tin i)aint. Such is my experience. 
D. E. s. 
Hen Manure for Peppers 
Would peppers do well on a poor soil 
where poultry manure was used in the 
hills and scattered around the vdants? 
The soil I refer to is a ratlu-r poor gravel 
clay, deficient both in nitr<,gen and ohos- 
phate? I have always heard that cl.ay 
was rich in potash and the nicest to¬ 
matoes I ever raisx'd grew in a mainu'od 
clay soil. Do you think that poultry 
manure would supply the (h>lieien(‘y in 
nitrogen and phosidiate for pepiiers? If 
so. how much should be used to a plant? 
Could it bo purchased from a: y of the 
big poultry breeding farms? ii. M. 
Ohio. 
Soil foi’ pf'jtpei's can scarcely Ix' too 
rich. When the soil is moderately : :eb 
and ‘heavy, the judiciotis use of hen ma¬ 
nure is all right, but in soil such as de- 
sciabed it would be better to use w(‘ll 
rotted stable manure, mixing about a 
shovelful well with the soil in each hill. 
When the plants commence to bloom 
give a liberal top-dressing »if c<uni>osted 
hen manure, scatter the manure around 
the plants and hoe it in. This will in¬ 
crease the product wondei-fully. There 
is much danger in the use ..if hen ma¬ 
nure on young plants, as the whole crop 
may be de.stroyed. if great care is not 
taken. It should I , used sparingly and 
never be brought in direct contact with 
the roots of the plant. With liberal use 
of well rotted stable manure in the hill 
to supply humus as well as fertility and 
later sujiplemented with a top dressing 
of hen manure as directed above, a good 
cr.ip of peppers can be produced on this 
soil. K. 
Killing “War Grass” 
I have purchased a farm which has 
some war grass on it. I have dug it up 
several times and it still comes. Can 
you give me some advice how to kill 
the gr.a.ss? ir. M. 
Delaware. 
T have never heard of any weed being 
called ‘‘war grass.” At several farmers’ 
institutes I have asked this question but 
no one has answered it. The que.stion 
was i)ut into the question box at the 
annual meeting of the New Jersey Hor¬ 
ticultural Society yet 800 fanners and a 
dozen professors had never hoard the 
teian. 
From the letter I would suppose that 
the inquirer is referring to a perennial 
which propagates itself by its under¬ 
ground parts as well as by its .seeds, 
hence, even if he prevents his ‘‘enemy’’ 
from going to seed it will continually 
develop and increa.se by means of its 
root system. In fighting any of these 
perennials, we must first prevent it from 
going to seed and then exhau.st its root 
system until it is entirely dead. Winter 
plowing is e.sj)ecially good in destroying 
the root 'Systems of weeds and should be 
followed up with frequent harrowings un¬ 
til jdanting time, then plow' again. Se¬ 
lect a croj) which can be thoroughly cul¬ 
tivated both ways. Corn is especially 
good for this ])urpo.se. Plant it in hills 
by the checkrow' .system, having the hills 
four feet apart each way. Cultivate fre¬ 
quently and do not use the ordinary 
.shovel or tooth cultivators because the.se 
permit weed stems to slip through un¬ 
harmed. It is advisable therefore to u.se 
cultivators of the sweep or weed-knife 
type. Continue cultivation as long as 
possible and then follow up with a hoe, 
clipping off any weeds that persist in 
growing. If the top grow'th is thus 
thoi'oiighly kept dow'n, one year is Tisu- 
ally sufiicient to eradicate even the worst 
of our jierennials. This method is es¬ 
pecially effective against Canada thistle, 
milk weed, bull nettle and wild morning- 
glory. 
Another very effective metli.id is to 
jdant a quick growing early cultivated 
crop .such as garden peas, early beans or 
early potatoes. Cultivate these frequent¬ 
ly. plow the ground immediately after 
the crop is off and continue to harrow. 
Thus, the roots will Ix' tormented after 
they are partly exhausted during the hot 
dry part of the year. This method is 
especially effective against twitch gra.ss 
and 'icire grass. Another method is to 
keep the ground harrowed during early, 
season and then plant a smother crop 
such as buckwheat. However, while any 
method well follow'cd is effective it must 
be remembered that if part of the roots 
are left in the ground they will ri'cover 
and again take [tossession unle.ss the far¬ 
mer persists with his effective methods. 
R. W'. D. B. 
Eradicating a Bad Weed 
My garden, which is sandy loam, for 
a year or two has a weed that hinders 
vegetables from growing. The weed is 
so tender that it breaks in pulling so it 
sju'oads rapidly. I am told it is a bird 
seed weed. The land has been xvell ma¬ 
nured for several years. Could you sug¬ 
gest anything in a case like this? 
New York. l. 0. 
In all probability you are referring to 
the common chickweed. This xveed is a 
native of the old world transplanted to 
this country in vegetable and flowoir 
seeds. It likes rich garden soil and grows 
very fast esi>ecially during the cooler 
weather. It will keep green during the 
Winter and produce a heavy crop of 
tiny seeds. When the soil once becomes 
infested with the seed nothing but the 
most rigid cultural methods xvill control 
the weed. Plant all cro])s so that they 
can be cultivated with hoi'ses. thus the 
work will be done more frequently and 
more thoroughly. Kt'C]) the ground har¬ 
rowed in late Fall so that the weeds will 
not develop during the Winter. 
Birds like to feed upon this fresh ten¬ 
der growth during the Winter. In 
X(jrthern .Tersey w.e got our first <-hick- 
weed in spinach seed which we have now 
learned to sift and also from the crows 
which would feed upon this weed in other 
communities and then fly over to have a 
taste of our spinach, kale or sweet corn. 
Before beginning to feed they would 
keep watch in a big pin oak tree. Un¬ 
der this we always had tnuible with 
chickweed until it was cut down. Con¬ 
stantly preventing weeds from seeding 
and destroying weed seeds a;-, tlicy germin¬ 
ate is the most efficient and economical 
method in a home garden. R. w. r>. B. 
“For the Land’s Sake, use Bowker’s 
Fertilizers; they enrich the earth and 
these who till it."— Adv. 
Here is a ladder that gets all the fruit 
on all the branches. Never injures 
twigs or next year’s fruit buds, because it 
never rests against them. Mounted on a 
light, strong, easily portable steel truck. 
One man moves it easily. Holds a weight 
of 600 lbs. Can’t tilt or tip. Makes fruit 
picking absolutely safe. 
The 
Safety Ladder 
pays for itself by saving fruit that would 
otherwise be lost, by making picking easier 
and faster and by obviating all personal 
danger or liability therefor. Just as con¬ 
venient for pruning and spraying as for 
picking. Ideal for Orchards, City Parks 
and large Country Estates. Can be con¬ 
verted into a 20 foot scaffold. Sent on 10 
days’ approval, and guaranteed. If not all 
we represent, return it to us at our expense. 
Send for Circular and Save Your Crop 
The Safety Ladder Company 
612 Reibold Bldg. Dayton, Ohio 
M cNEIL’S Early. Hale. Deli¬ 
cious, Opalescent and hun¬ 
dreds of other excellent varieties at 
low prices. Send for our big 
special catalog. 
KING BROS. NURSERIES, Box7,Dansville,N. Y. 
'“It is cheapest to buy the best'* 
TRAOC MARK 
s 
N. 
TREES 
500,000 PEAC 
TRAWRPRRIPQ Send for newc.'italog. Low 
I nH 11 D tnnikw prices tor Iiest plan is. 100 
Superb everbeai’ing mailed for #1 east of Miss. 
(34tU 3 'ear our ailvertisement lias been in R. 
y.) SLAYMAKEK, Wyomiug, Delaware 
STRJWBERRIPURIS 
Catalogue Free. Basil Ferry, Georgetown, Delaware 
^mallFriiifPIiinfo FROM THE VERMONT HILLS. Allva- 
OllldlirrUlirianiS rieiie.s. Absolutely hardy and 
plants free from crown gall or other diseases, ('at- 
ulog free. Geo. D. Aiken, Bo.v M, Putney, Vt. 
PeachTrees, 2c.-1 yr. small-fp^roporUom 
Delirious Apple, 8c. 1 and 2 j'e.ar.s. Send for prices. 
(Bridgeville Nurseries) itlycr & Sons, Bridgeville, Del. 
From Grower To Planter. 
Rone better. True to name. 
■ , Xo disease. Low price.'-. 
Hardy Peacli a specialtj’. Catalog free. E.-rt. 1858. 
FREMONT NURSERY • Fremont, Ohio 
Also 
Big drop in pi'ices. Buy now from ns. 
inillion.s of trees, shrubs and plants. Xcw price 
list and cfttulog read?-. 
THE WESIMiNSTER NURSERY, Box 129, Westminster, Md 
SCRAPE-VINES 
69 varieties. .Vlso Small Fruits, Trees, etc. Best rooted 
stock, (ie nine, cheap. 2 sample viiie.s mailed for 10c. Des 
criptivecataioir free. LEWIS ROESCH. Box L.Fredonia.N.y 
1917FruitbookFree 
I want every renter or land owner. In city and i 
country, on a lot, a villa>?e acre, tne farm or f 
ranch,to ask for this new 1917 free book about J 
'’ruita, whether you want one or ten thou- 
Band trees Printed in four colors. Lists, 
describes, prices--at wholosale-*all leadin^r i 
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peaches, pears, Dush fruits, roses, hardy i 
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and perennials. Aberry-prower’s book! 
An orchardist's manual! A home-^ 
owner’s handbook! Our stock ^ 
sold direct from nursery to you. i 
Our prices Ret customers—our J 
quality holds them. Every 
tree firuaranteod to reach 
you alive and in frrowinj? con- 
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’ all kindspure tested field,ffarden.flow- 
er seeds. Don’t miss this 1917 book. A postal I 
brings it to your home. Write today. 
Galloway Bros, & Co.. Dept 274 Walerloo, la; 
OUR NEW CATALOG 
with 1917 prices, is ready for mailing. 
Send a postal today for a free copy. 
It is handsomely printed in colors, 
and gives a full description of stand¬ 
ard and new varieties of fruit trees, 
as well as ornamentals. 
KELLY BROS. WHOLESALE NURSERIES 
65 Main St., Danjville, N. Y. 
You’U never regret planting Kelly Trees 
Harrison Quality Trees 
Each year Ihe publie is demanding 
better fruit. Folks will pay gener¬ 
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—the kind you can grow if you start 
right with Harrison Quality Trees. 
They Live, Gi ow and Bear 
Robust, hardy trees, true-to-name, free 
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Send for our free 1917 Fruit Guide today. 
Buy Trees Direct 
Save agents’ profits by sending for our 
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small buyers and con¬ 
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Collections. No frills or 
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bargains. We pay express 
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to your station. Never 
a dissatisfied customer. 
WM. P. RUPERT & SON 
Box 20 
Seneca, N. Y. 
N. B, Genuine 
ROCHESTER PEACH 
Buy Direct 
FROM THE FOUNDER 
Who has 5000 bearing trees. It is a large 
yellow and red freestone of the best canning 
and shipping quality. Ripens in .-eason with 
Carman and will sell for twice tho money, 
fully as hardy and prolific. 
No. 1 each 75c; per 10 $5.00; per 100 $25.00 
Special Price on Orchard Size. Send for Catalog Free 
A. H. HEBERLE 
Nurseries and Orchard BRIGHTON, N.Y. 
'ef^nsj 
,and other Nuts^ 
8100 to 8300 per acre profit growing P^ns. 
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McCoy Nut Nurseriea 
725 Old State Bank Bldg, Evansville, Ind, 
Over 50 Years Growing 
EVERGREENS 
More than 38 hardy, tested 
I varieties. All thrifty, 
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^ grown andwell rooted. 
All sizes for all pur- 
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nigh quality—low| 
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We ship everywhere and guarantee 
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D.Hill Nurs&ry Co.t Er’ergreen Specialists 
Largest Growers in America Box 2129, Dundee. III. 
TREES 
APPLE 
PEACH 
PEAR 
Fruit trees and plants of all kinds. Reliable, tine to name 
■stock at reasonable prices, (’atalogue free; also booklet, 
"How to Plant Trees. ’ if you ask foi' it and tnentioii this 
paper. 
The Barnes Brothers Nursery Company 
Box 8 Yalesville, Conn. 
THOUSANDS OF TREES 
set out each year by fruit growers, 
are dismal failures that shrivel ^ip 
and die. 
If some of your trees, for which you paid g<x>d money, have be¬ 
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Since 1876 we have been selling trees to some of the most pro.sperous 
'fruit growers in the country. 
Their constant re-orders have been a mainstay in our business. 
The 1917 catalogue is now ready. A post card brings it. 
WoodlawnNurseries, AllenL.Wood, Prop. 90 lGarsonAv., Rochester,N.Y, 
