Oic RURAL N E W-Y O R K E R 
143 
Garden and Orchard 
The Baby in Summer 
It may be some weeks or months yet 
to the time when the baby can sit out¬ 
doors against the hedge, like the little 
one shown in the picture below. In Flor¬ 
ida the children are doing it now, but 
in most of the countries where The It. 
Jn.-Y. goes children are more likely to be 
out in the snow, or skating on the mill 
poiul. Il'owever, Spring and Summer 
will come again, and we hope that in the 
great majority of the homes where The 
I t. X.-Y. goes, such a scene as that shown 
in the jiicture will be a real one. Tlie 
child is the most imjjortant member of 
the family, and happy is the child who 
lives in the country on a farm or gar¬ 
den where the grown people have taken 
I’Urued stone lime, whether ground or in 
the lump, contains nearly 2,000 pounds of 
actual lime (oxide of lime) which is 
quickly available. Hydrated lime con¬ 
tains practically l,o00 pounds of actual 
lime per ton quickly available. Ground 
limestone contains approximately 1.000 
pounds of lime per ton. the availability 
depending upon the grinding. The liner 
it is ground the sooner it becomes avail¬ 
able. If the former is applied in excess it 
may burn out some of the humus, while 
this precaution need not be observed with 
ground liimcstone. The freight rates and 
convenience of handling must be consid¬ 
ered. 
The use of ground phosphate rock is 
not considered to be an economical prop- 
The Baby Enjoys a Sun Bath 
time to fix up the grounds and shrubbery 
and beautify the surroundiug.s. That is 
more than half the battle in living on the 
farm. Some of our farmers may not 
agree to this at first thought, but it is 
true nevertheless. 
Plant Food for Vegetables 
What foods do celeriac, onions, head let¬ 
tuce, egg plant, pepiiers and cauliflower 
use. and in what form are they best sup¬ 
plied? Has acid soil any effect on the 
above mentioned plants? Which is the 
best, hydrated lime, marl or ground lime¬ 
stone? I have about an acre of ground 
that was manured heavily last Summer, 
and is now seeded to Winter rye. I in¬ 
tend to plow this next Spring and plant 
to cauliflower. Would you advise me to 
use raw rock phosphate on the rye when 
I plow it? If not what would you ad¬ 
vise? j. n. 
Waukesha. Wis. 
Celeriac or “knob celery,” onions, egg 
plant.3 and head lettuce may be grouped 
when considering their plant food reiiuiro- 
meuts. They require a rich soil, espe¬ 
cially one enriched with stable manure for 
a few years, so that the market gardeners 
would speak of it as being “in shai)e.” 
From 1200 to ISOO lbs. of a complete fei’- 
tilizer carrying 4 per cent, nitrogen and 
especially high in phosphoric acid is best 
used broadcast and harrowed in before 
planting. If the growth is slow, light ap¬ 
plications of nitrate of soda (100 lbs. per 
acre) may be broadcast at intervals of 10 
days or two weeks with especial benefit to 
the celeriac and onions. Soil for lettuce 
growing should be so good that the grow¬ 
ing crop will not need side dressings and 
excessive nitrogen on egg plants may 
cause the blossoms to drop off. 
Peppers produce fruit very abundantly 
on the sandy soils of poorer tilth. Soils 
of a muck nature or excessively rich in 
nitrogen and deficient in phosphoric acid 
and potash may fail to set fruit. Cauli¬ 
flower does especially well on good potato 
ground. Therefore, the early potatoes are 
frequently heavily fertilized (half broad¬ 
cast and half in the drill) and then fol¬ 
lowed with Fall cauliflower. If the soil 
is known to be sour, lime may be applied 
after the ground is plowed for cauliflower. 
If celeriac, onions, lettuce, egg plants, 
peppers or cauliflower are to be planted 
on sour land, they would grow much bet¬ 
ter if lime could be applied after the 
ground is plowed for the crop. Everyone 
must decide for himself what lime to use. 
osition, except possibly on sour soils. 
Di.ssolved rock, i. e., acid phosphate, is ac¬ 
cepted to be a more economical source of 
phosphoric acid. Plow under the rye 
cover crop very early and lime the soil. 
Fertilize the cauliflower well and get the 
eroi) started as early as possible so that it 
gets mn.st of its growth before hot 
weather. b. d. b. 
Apples for Western New York 
I want to set out an orchard of stan¬ 
dard 'Winter apples, but not more than two 
varieties. Which of the following named 
varieties would do best here in Western 
New Y'ork. Niagara County: American 
Blush. York Imperial, Borne Itcauty. 
America.^ Sutton Beauty, McIntosh Bed, 
Stayman's Winesap, Wagener? What are 
the good and bad qualities about them? 
Which are the lea.st susceptible to dis¬ 
ease? Which are the best yielders and 
which command the best price? In other 
words, which is the surest and best 
money-maker? I woiild like to hear from 
some who have had experience with any of 
the above varieties. f. c. n. 
Niagara Co., N. Y. 
Of the varieties named York Imperial, 
Stayman’s Winesap, American Beauty, 
are none of them adapted to the soil and 
climate of Western New Y'oi-k, Sutton 
Beauty, Borne Beauty, McIntosh and 
Wagener are very much affected by the 
character of the soil and are quite subject 
to attacks of fungus and other diseases. 
I would not advise the planting of any of 
these unless the soil was just right and 
the planter was willing to bestow ample 
time on spraying and <-o give the best 
cultivation. For only two varieties he 
can make no mistake in sticking to these, 
old tried and trusty Baldwin and Bhode 
Island Greening. Some fancy varieties 
like jMcIntosh on soil just adapted to it 
and well mamired and thoroughly sprayed, 
will give splendid fruit, which put in 
boxes and into special markets will sell 
in a limited way at fancy prices. But 
that variety as well as Borne Beauty and 
Sutton Beauty are all liable to overbear, 
and unless thinned will run down small, 
and when to be put into a special market 
in boxes will sort out so as to make the 
total market crop rather small. I doubt 
whether there is any variety that will 
furnish as many barrels per acre and that 
will ever sell in a large market and give 
the same returns for the grower when put 
into the world’s markets in the wholesale 
way e(|ual to those old tried stand-bys, 
Baldwin and Greening. j. s. woodward. 
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SS5 
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: 31 
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ARTHUR J. COLLINS & SON 
MOORESTOWN, N. J. ^ 
alonex" Bros.&Wells Co.' 
DANSVILLE N .Y. 
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(Signed) B. J. WETHERBY, Wilkes-Barre.Pa, p 
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43 East Street Dansville, N. Y. 
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