Oic RURAL NEW-YORKER 
385 
Number Work for the Little Ones 
Children are seldom interested in 
abstract numbers, but are fascinated 
when learning to associate “two,” “six,” 
“ten,” Avith familiar things; so my first 
step with little folks is to show them 
how to count ten on their fingers. As a 
“special privilege,” when that is an ac¬ 
complished fact, I say, gravely: 
“Now, as soon as you can count ten 
without even looking at your fingers. 
I’ll let you count your toes, before you 
put on your shoes and stockings some 
fine morning!” Then they just “hustle” 
to count ten, abstractly. 
Next, I let them count peas, beans, 
apple-seeds, kernels of corn, anything 
with which they feel at home. Stones or 
shells would do as well, except that we 
plant the other things in a glass of 
water, with a round of cotton butting or 
of cheesecloth on the surface on which 
the .seeds rest while germinating. As 
soon as the roots begin to show through 
the glass, a lively hour is experienced, 
for children love to see things grow! 
“Count five beans from the pile; five 
more. IIow many in all?” “Five beans 
and fiA^e beans are 10 beans.” I teach 
the formal statement, then let them 
make'the figures—as best they can after 
I show them—on the little books Avhich I 
make from wi'apping paper. 
“When you can Avrite all the numbers 
up to 20, I will give you some little 
books of your own, in Avhich you can 
write your little tables, just like those 
in my book!” Oh, hoAv they work for 
that, and children who are not yet five 
make neat figrves and more than read¬ 
able tables, though for a time one of 
them made "|- and 4 just alike; but 
when she had mastered the differences, 
she almost shouted in glee: 
“Now I’ll make 07 four.s,” without the 
most remote idea of how many 97 are! 
For the next step I let them “.string 
l)oads” of peas that have been soaked, 
wheat straAvs that have been cut to inch 
pieces, apple and pumpkin seeds, and 
popped corn, varying the arrangement 
enough so that the result will be at¬ 
tractive—and forming the strings into a 
fringe or portiere for dooi-Avay or Avin- 
doAV. Then the children just gloat over 
their handiAVOrk—and they can omint, 
add, and subtract, “all the peas on your 
.string,” “on tAVO strings,” etc., later 
learning to multiply in the same way. 
One little boy, noAV nearly six, Avho 
began this work when but five, can 
Avork out all the combinations in addi¬ 
tion and subtraction up to 20, and 
formulate his own tables in his blank 
book—though seven months ago he 
couldn’t even count 10, as I give very 
brief les.sons with no new ones until the 
preceding have been h'arned. 
The younger children are gaining fast¬ 
er in proportion to their years, as they 
have learned the tAVO important les¬ 
sons of attention and application (called 
“concentration” by psychologists) before 
they are five, besides having learned the 
neccs.sary muscular control of the fingers 
Avhich enables them to Avrite the figures 
and numbers; so that Avhen they are of 
John’s age. they Avill be aAvay in ad- 
A'ance of Avhere he is noA\’ and without 
effort, for as “play” it is a pleasure, not 
a task, a privilege to be .sought, a prize 
to be Avon; and all the lessons are 
mixed Avith others for the exercise of 
their motor activities, so that the brains 
will not Aveary even though the thinking 
is definite and at a point during the brief 
les.SOU. LUCY A. YENDES-PRESTON. 
On a Homestead in Idaho 
We see a great contrast here betAveen 
Winter and Summer. The country 
around here is noAv Avhite Avith snoAV. 
Where we lived in the East the .suoav 
melted away once in a while on nice days 
in Winter, but here in the hills it does 
not melt much all Winter, and keeps get¬ 
ting deeper, till some Winters it gets six 
feet. Rut Ave keep paths and I'oads open, 
so Ave don’t get snoAved in. The men take 
the horses along the paths to help, and do 
shoveling Avhere necessary. 
We generally get our mail every 10 
days or tAvo weeks, about, but never reg¬ 
ularly. Then we hav'e our papers and 
magazines to read, and Ave get (luite a 
number. Sometimes Ave exchange Avith 
the neighbors. If it wasn’t for good 
things to read it would be dull, but Avhen 
we read we can, in our minds, go visit¬ 
ing to other places, and learn many things 
then immediately be at home again, just 
Avhere Ave like to be. We are inclined to 
think our homestead is not the Avorst 
place to live, particularly as we have 
enough to eat, oven if Ave should get 
snoAved in, to last till the suoav is gone 
in the Spring. This thought gives me a 
feeling of sadness for those in the Avar 
zone Avho don’t have enough for one da.v 
ahead, maybe. 
Once. Avhen I Avas visiting in Califor¬ 
nia, Avhere the calla lilies “groAV like 
Aveeds,” as a friend said, moaning they 
groAV out in the open Avithout much care, 
and Avhere the oranges bloom and groAV 
all the year, and it never snoAvs, I met 
one Avho said he didn’t like the climate 
there very avoII. as he Avould rather live 
Avhere it suoAved in Winter. Noav, isn’t 
that like many of us, thinking some other 
place is better than the place Ave happen 
to live? We might just as aa'oII think 
the Winters are beautiful and enjoy 
them. 
Another Avoman I know worries much 
for fear that some time something might 
happen and they might have to do Avith- 
Embroidery Designs 
All iinusunl UcsiRn is tlio Oval Center- 
piece No. 475. The iniior petals of tlic 
roses are for the outline stitch, and the 
outside petals for long and short stitcli in 
deep yellow. The leaves arc for the long 
and short stitch in green. The vines are 
to he outlined and the small leaves em- 
hroidered Avith the lazy daisy stitch with 
a yelloAV French knot between the leaves. 
Tlie design is stampml and tinted on tan 
art linen, size 24x30 Inches. The price 
Avlth mercerized floss is 75 cents. 
out at least a part of a meal. I have 
knoAvn her for years, and have never 
knoAvn her or her family to have to do 
Avithout a meal, yet I have seen her mis¬ 
erable Avorryiug Avhen there Avasu’t the 
least need of it. Nearly every time I 
saAV her she had something different to 
Avorry about. And once she saAV herself 
and said, “The things I am afraid Avill 
happen don’t happen.” Wouldn’t it be 
a happier Avorld if Ave Avould enjoy Avhat 
Ave have? 
I read in The Rurai. Neav-Yorker of 
those Avomen Avho liad so mucli outside 
Aviirk to do, feeding and milking. I am 
.sorry for tlunn. This is the Avay I do. 
I get busy in the kitchen cooking or bak¬ 
ing something Avhich “he” is particularly 
fond of, and tell him about it, then he 
just goe.s and does the outside AVork, as 
he ought to. Rut on nice days there are 
things I like to do, such as caring for 
the chickens, and Avhon Spring comes you 
couldn’t keep me in from the garden. 
I AA'ant to tell you about some catsuii 
Avhich I make. We like it better than 
tomato catsup. Take the juice off canned 
fruit; gooseberries or ground cherries are 
good. To one pint of juice use one-half 
cup of vinegar, one cup sugar, one tea¬ 
spoon of ground allspice, one of cinnamon 
and half teaspoon of ginger; a very little 
red pepper, and a pinch of salt. Roil all 
together five minutes, and put in glass 
jars or bottle.s. Let stand a week and 
Checker Cake Wanted 
Yi ould j^u give recipe for checker 
cake, and hoAv to place in pans that it 
might come right? mrs. n. l . av. 
Will some reader give us this recipe? 
We are unable to find it. 
TWO 
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Sizoa 10 to 400 barrels daily. 
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presses havo steel beams and 
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We Buy WASTE PAPER 
and all Kinds of Sc rap Material. 
THEODORE HOFELLER & CO. 
Dept. N, Buffalo, N. Y. 
nUUUil Ull nil I O Don’t Die in the Houso. 
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One-Burner Size Does Not HavO 
End Shelf or Leg Shelf 
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One burner without ehclf $6.60. Two 
burner without shelf $9.76; with shelf 
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witli shelf $18.60. Four burner without sheif 
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^ ^^Name, 
4019 La Salle St. Dept.379 Chicago 
Address.. 
If catalog only is wanted write name and address and mail coupoB. 
Mail coupon or postal for catalog. 
THE HARTMAN CO. 
t 
