.. 
5J2 
April 7, 1017. 
Direct to you 
cutting out all profits except the man¬ 
ufacturer's, and all deterioration 
caused by standing around in ware¬ 
houses. 
We ship from East St. Louis, Chicago, 
Kansas City, Mo.; Cincinnati, New 
Orleans and York, Pa. Quick delivery^ 
assured. 
■Cha RURAL NEW-YORKER 
New England Milk Notes 
(Continued from page 530) 
n-ii"* 
miTii 
rtt ^ . • M j 
rrr \v * * *•; *1' 
..j 
FRESH FROM FACTORY TO YOU 
lays better, lasts longer, yet costs less (according to 
quality) than any other roll roofing made. 
The Felt in Century Roofing 
is of special, long fibre that 
defies freezing and thawing. 
The Saturation in Century Roofing 
is made by our secret formula, from 
Asphalts with melting points vary¬ 
ing from 60 degrees to 350 degrees. 
It is applied in 80-foot vats, at 350 
degrees, after the Pelt is perfectly 
dried over steam-heated 
drums. Saturation is 100%. 
No air-holes left to start leaks. 
The Coating on Century Roofing is a 
harder blend of Asphalts, applied at 
lower temperature after Saturation 
has cooled. It seals and protects the 
Saturation from drying out, thus 
making it wear years longer than 
ordinary roofing. This is why 
We Guarantee Every Roll 
as follows: 1-ply, 15 years; 2-ply, 
20 years; 3-ply, 25 years; and pre¬ 
pay freight on 3 rolls or more in N. Y., Pa., 
N. J., Mass., Conn., Md., Me., Vt. or Del. 
at the prices quoted below. 
Correspondingly low prices to other 
states. Write for free sample, or 
order for immediate shipment. Orders at¬ 
tended to at once. Money back if not 
satisfied. 
l-ply, 
35 lbs. 
$1.25 $1.50 ssllr.’ $1.75 
CENTURY MANUFACTURING CO. 
East St. Louis, III, 
Send for our catalogue of buggy bargains. 
POSTPAID 
htedBook“Howlo Judge Engines” 
tells how "high-grade semi-steel engines 
are made, advantages over cast iron, how 
commomcoaloilina WITTEreduces power 
cost 65 per cent. Write 
today and get my ‘‘How ' 
-to-Mako-Money’ ’ 
folder, and latest 
WITTE Engine 
prices. Ed.H.Witte'? 
WITTE E1VGIIVE~W0RKS 
1893 Oakland Ave., Kansas City, Mo. 
1803 Emplte. Bldg., Pittsburgh, Pa. 
See These 
S/Vonderfui 
rUMITED 
tFarmEn^ineSj^ 
I'l 
V 
They develop 
20 percent more 
than rated i)ower 
—the biggest 
‘ engine value 
; in America. 
All 
Styles 
1917 MODELS. Years 
ahead in design, features, im¬ 
provements, Easy to <merate, 
easy to start. Smootl 
running. 
GUARANTEED 
FOR FIVE YEARS 
Write for descrip¬ 
tion, and FREE 
damonstratlon offar. 
United Engine Co. 
Dapt.S 15 l.anslng,Mich. 
F 
^_ Fireproof—Strong—Durable. 
Gives unexcelled protection to your farm buildings. 
APOLLO-KEYSTONE COPPER STEEL GALVANizrED Sheets are unemialed for Culverts, 
. Tanks, Silos, Plumes, Cisterns, Roofing, Siding, and all forms of exposed sheet metal work. 
These sheets are highest in quality and should housed wherever a highly rust-resisting ana 
durable material is required. Accy)t no substitute. Look for the stencil with the added 
Keystone—it indicates that Copper Steel is used, and insures service and satlstaction. bold 
by Weight by ledding dealers. Our “Better Buildings’* booklet is sent free upon request* 
AMERICAN SHEET AND TIN PLATE COMPANY, Frick Bldg., Pittsburgh, Pa. 
pVovi ano r-; 
$ 135 ®® 
f.o.b 
iQuinc]! 
Ford 
With 
Pull- 
ford 
PULLFORD 
- \r -- 
Easily Attached to or Removed 
from the Car in 30 Minutes 
TAKES a practical tractor out of a Ford—or most 
any other car. Get low cost power. No holes 
to drill. Attached with clamps to car frame. 
Does work of 3 or 4 horses. Pulls plows, harrows, 
drills, mowers, the binder, hay loader, road grader,etc., 
also your farm wagons anywhere that 3 or 4 horses 
can. Steelwheels with roller bearings. Two pairs steel 
pinions, allowing two speeds, one for plowing and one 
for hauling wagons. Multiplies usefulness of your car. 
Only 5135.00, f. o. b. Quincy, Ill. Write for circular. 
PULLFORD COMPANY, Box 48C 
Telephone No. 84 Walton Height*. QUINCY, ILLINOIS 
considered by the farmers a needless and 
annoying duplication of the other official 
inspections. About all it asks for this 
year is power to take hold where the local 
boards are not doing much. Its proposi¬ 
tion to pay for milk condemned on farms 
in case of epidemic, is regarded favorably. 
So far, no important milk bill has pro¬ 
gressed much beyond the committee stage. 
The Pratt bill is here again with addi¬ 
tions and improvements credited to State 
Dairy Agent Harwood. Its plan of per¬ 
missive grading according to richness and 
its plan of encouragement of Massachu¬ 
setts producers are considerd desirable, 
and there seems to be no opposition. 
The milk question is approached from 
a new angle in the current report of the 
Massachusetts commission on high cost of 
living. It suggests that, by co-operating, 
two familes can buy an can of 
skimmed milk every other day for 25 
cents. Skimmed milk contains eveiTthing 
except the fats. About whole milk the 
commission observes: “Ten cents for a 
quart of milk gives the consumer a food 
value the equivalent of which in other 
common foods now costs 20 cents. Of 
the 10c paid by the consumer for a quart 
of milk, the farmer gets on an average 
about 5c, the railroad about %c, and the 
distributor about 4%c. Producers, rail¬ 
roads and dealers all claim they are mak¬ 
ing little or no profit out of the business. 
The commission thinks it sees a remedy 
through increasing the demand for milk, 
but does not say how it could be done, 
and also through larger dairy herds which 
it claims produce milk at lower cost. 
G. B. F. 
Negligence in Pasturing Cattle 
A Vermont farmer comes to The R. 
X.-Y. to learn the law and the opinion of 
a lawyer: 
A hired B to pasture a .Tersey heifer, 
B taking the heifer into a drove that was 
being driven on the highway, past A’s 
barn, to a back pasture at the base of the 
highest range of the Green Mountains. 
This was the last that A ever saw of the 
heifer. Cattle belonging to other farmers 
were taken into the drove as they pro¬ 
ceeded, B often taking cattle to pasture 
for hire. No agreement was entered into 
other than that B was to take the heifer 
to pasture for the season (of 1916) for 
$2. The cold weather of late Fall com¬ 
ing on, A did not like to have the heifer 
out longer, but upon going to the pas¬ 
ture failed to find her. A immediately 
notified B (verbally) that the heifer was 
missing. Then A, independently, began a 
seareh, which v/as later continued, a little 
negligently, by B without success. It 
came out then that on the side toward the 
mountain the pasture was not snifably 
fenced ; that the cattle had strayed from 
the pasture to mowing fields of farmers 
in the locality, and that B had, on com¬ 
plaint, been and driven them out of these 
fields back into the pasture, twice at 
least, but built no fence, where inade¬ 
quate, claiming that it was undivided, or 
not his part to build. _ B, passing A’s 
house, never informed him that all was 
not right with pasture or cattle. Had A 
known of the lack of fencing, or of the 
straying of cattle, he would most cer¬ 
tainly have removed the heifer to his own 
home pasture. The heifer may have 
climbed up the mountain side and staiwed 
or fallen over a precipice, or may have 
been stolen from within or witlidnt the 
pasture. When B finally drove down the 
remaining cattle they were found roaming 
outside the pasture. Is B liable to A for 
the value of this animal? A. 
Vermont. 
The general rule in these_ cases of what 
are termed bailments for hire is that the 
bailee (the one who pastures ^he cattle) 
in the absence of a special contract pro¬ 
viding w'hat degree of care shall be exer¬ 
cised. is bound to -exercise only ordinary 
or average care and diligence in the use 
and protection of the property entr'..ted 
to him. that is, such care_ and diligence 
as jicrsons of common diligence usually 
bestow' upon their owm property _ under 
like circumstances. And in an action for 
negligence against the bailee of an animal 
for hire the general rule, followed by your 
State, is that the burden is ordinarily on 
the plaintiff or bailor to prove negligence 
on the part of the bailee. So in your case 
the question of whether B was negligent 
in not keeping the fences in repair would 
probably be a question for you to prove 
and for' the jury to decide. It does seem 
as if he had not exercised due care and 
that you have a good cause of action. 
Bitter Milk 
QUALITY KEPT UP 
In homes 
where Quality and Satis¬ 
faction are first essentials— 
there you will find 
HAumarK 
SHIRTS 
Men who dress well, know that every 
HALLMARK is "Standard in Quality, 
Fabric and Workmanship”—exclusive 
and distinctive in pattern — Fade- 
proof Colors, of course. Full fashioned 
body, French or laundered cuffs. 
At your dealers at the price you 
like to pay. 
HALL, HARTWELL & CO., Troy, N. Y. 
Makers of SLtDEWELL Collars 
I 
For Sale-Fruit Farms Hudson River Valiev 
Write PLATT & TEATOB, Bed Hook, N. V. 
Vermont and New Hampshire Farms ^”eche^ap«1 
land to be fonndin the United States that-will crow 
big crops of hay, potatoes, corn, apples, all kinds of 
grains and vegetables. Improvements alone cost 
more than-we ask you for tlie -whole farm. L.'irgest 
list of farms in the Connecticut River Valley. Cata¬ 
logue free. £. H. Blodgett, Charlestown, N. H. 
NEW YORK STATE FARMS 
Tell us what kind of farm you want and 
liow much cash you can pay down, and we 
will prepare purposely for you a list of just 
such places in many parts of the State. 
THE FARM BROKERS’ ASSOCIATION. Inc., ONEIDA. NEW YORK 
Other offices throughout the State, 
i pArm CALIFORNIA will make you more 
H giiiaii rai iii jjjpney with less work. Yon will live 
longer and better. Delightful climate. Rich soil. Low 
E l-ices. Easy terms. Sure profits. Hospitable neigh- 
ors. Good roads, schools and churches. Write for 
our SanJoaquin Valley Illustrated folders, free. C. 1. 
Sesgravet. Industrial Cammissioner A.T. S S. F. Ry.,1863 Ry- Cxeh., Chieaga 
9 0-Acre Farm, 1 2-Room House Ti.MoP‘^ii"a‘'i*l 
cash. 70-acres; 8-room house; 40 acres flats; no 
stone; ISOfruit trees; outbuildings; $;i,200; half cash. 
Send for new lists. CATSKILL FARM AGENCY, Leeds, N.Y. 
Arrce meadow and pasture: 
r||| plenty of wood; quan- 
" 8.room house; high 
elevation; large maple trees; near neighbors; 
mail delivered; bass large basement barn, lOfltan- 
chions; also hen house; located 2^ miles from vil¬ 
lage and trolley. Price, f2,6(X); reasonable terms. 
J. CASSIDY - Woodbury, Conn. 
Your chance is in Canada. Rich lands and 
business opportunities offer you independence. 
Farm lands $11 to $30 acre; irrigated lands, $35 
to $50. Twenty years to pay; $2,000 loan in im¬ 
provements, or ready made farms. Loan of live¬ 
stock. Taxes average under twenty cents an 
acre; no taxes on improvements, personal prop¬ 
erty livestock. Gooff markets, churches, 
schools, roads, telephones. Excellent climate— 
crops and livestock prove it. Special home- 
seekers’ fare certificates. Write for free book¬ 
lets. ALLAN ' CAMERON, General Superinten¬ 
dent Land Branch, Canadian Pacific Railway, 303 
Ninth Ave., Calgary, Alberta. 
ProfitMakingFarmLocations 
IN THE SOUTH 
with lands at low cost, giving best opportunities 
for live stock, dairying, general or special farm¬ 
ing. Healthful and most productive climate; 
sciiool facilities. Facts prove Southern lands 
are most profitable in country. Printed matter 
on reouest. M. V. BICHABDS, Commissioner, 
Room 87, Southern Railway System, Washinoton, 0. C. 
In nearly every issue of Trc R. N.- 
y., I notice letters from pc-oilo com¬ 
plaining of strong or bitter milk and 
blitter. We have had similar trouble, 
but I have found that by scalding the 
milk (150 deg. by dairy thermometer) 
as soon as it is strained or. if one has 
a separator, scalding the cream as soon 
as it is separated, I have no trouble with 
bitter cream. By stirring the milk while 
it is cooling one can avoid the leathei'y 
cream forming. I sour the cream as 
quickly as possible by warming and 
keeping in a warm place, during the 
Winter months. MRS. JOHN MCLEAN. 
Michigan. 
Canada Offers 
160 Acres Land 
Free to Farm Hands 
Bonus of Western Canada 
Landto Men Who Assist 
in Maintaining Needed 
Grain Production. 
The demand fer iarm labor in Canada is so great 
that as an inducement to secure at once the neces¬ 
sary helprequired, Canada willc’ve one hundred 
and sixty acres of land free as a homestead 
and allow the farm laborer, who files on land, to 
apply the time he is working for other farmers as 
residence duties the same as if he had lived on the 
land he had applied for. This offer made only to 
men working on Canadian farms for at least 6 
months during 1917, thus reducing the necessity of 
actual residence to 2 years instead of 3 years, as 
under usual conditions. This appeal for farm help 
is in no way connected with enlistment for military 
service but solely to secure farm laborers to in¬ 
crease agricultural output. A wonderful opportun¬ 
ity to earn good wages while securing a farm. 
Canadian Government will pay all fare over one 
cent per mile from St. Paul and Duluth to Cana¬ 
dian destinations. Information as to low railway 
rates, etc., may be had on application to 
O.G. RUTLEDGE . 
Canadian QovarnmenI AganI 
301 E. Genesee St., Syracuse, N.Y. 
