544 
"Che R U RAL N EW.YO R K E R 
April 14, 1917. 
GenercJ Farm Topics, 
New Sources of American Potash 
We liave already given the facts about 
American sources of potash. Since the 
beginning of the European war a thor¬ 
ough search lias Ix'en made for Ameri('an 
deposits, and a number of them have been 
found. 'Ehe. Utah Experiment Station 
has now issued an interesting circular 
giving the results of some experiments in 
that State. Dejiosits of alunitt* have 
be<;n found in Utali which give consider¬ 
able promise, 'i'here are large amounts 
of this material in tlie State. There haft 
also been found in Millard County, T^tah, 
an old alkaline lake bed which may in 
the futur<* give considerable j)otash for 
use in agriculture. It seems that this old 
lake bed was for untold ages the recep¬ 
tacle into which the leachings from hnlges 
of potash were washed. It is said that at 
a depth of lit) feet the clay and water 
show -1 i)er cent, of jmtash, and it is esti¬ 
mated that there are millions of tons of 
this material in the old lake l)ed. In fact 
the chemists at the Utah St.ation appear 
to think that at some future time these 
salt dep^isits of the Western Stah*s will 
rank in value with the famous Cerman 
mines*. This bulletin also mentions the 
elforts made to extract potash from the 
wild desert plants. Those wdio have trav¬ 
eled through the Far West have seen the 
vast quantities of sagebrush which grow 
all over that country. Samples of live 
different kinds of this brush have been 
carefully examined. They vary in the 
amount of potash wdiich they carry. Some 
of them give nearly 14 per cent, of ash 
when burned, and this ash will contain 
all the way from TOO to nearly .‘100 lbs. of 
potash to the ton. At the present abnor¬ 
mal prices for potash the ash from this 
sagebrush would be worth from .$.‘11 to 
.$0r) per ton, and at the old j»rice, before 
the war, the ash from sev<*ral of these 
varieties would run over .$15 for the jmt- 
Jish :ilon<.. It; is figured out as a i»rac- 
lical j)lan that this sagebrush could be cut 
and collected at some central point, and 
burned to ash. ‘Phis Jish could be lejiched 
in a simple way much like tlmt employed 
in the old-fashioned farm leach, so as to 
wuish the jiotash out of it. The liquid 
conttiining the jtotash can be evitixirated 
in large ojten lains eifln'r by the heat of 
the sun or by burning the s;ig<‘l)rush un¬ 
der it. There seems to be no <|Uestion but 
thiit there are possibilities in the lititid- 
ling (if this wild growth, which will in 
time be titilizcd for jira<-tical ftirming. 
Tobacco Dust for Aphis 
The jirti<le on jitige .‘120, “A Fruit 
Grower’s 'Friivels,” mentioned tin* use of 
tob.'icco dust wdth sulphur in dusting fruit 
trees, I hitvt? experimented for 10 years 
with the dry tipitlieation, and would like 
to use some of the tobttcco dust this 
Spring. j. c. J. 
Ilatavia, N. Y. 
In company W'ith some other growlers 
and experimenters I tried pow'dered to¬ 
bacco in 1010 as a substitute for “lllack- 
Leaf 40,” to kill aplns and psylla. Owing 
to the facts that these sucking insects are 
of the same ithyslcal structure as the 
chiclom louse, viz., covei*ed with gr<-ase 
or oil that sheds w’ater, and breathing 
through what I call i»ost-holes in the 
thorax, and the fact that old motln*r hen 
has kilh'd lice for many years by dusting 
in the middle of the road, I thought it 
I)robable tlnit a fint! dust, especially one 
containing tobacco, would kill tlnun. This 
lu'ovixl to be the ca.se. I used snuff and 
hydi'jited lime, whicli was very effective 
against ajdiis, giving nearly lOt) pier cent, 
moriality, and f:iirly effective again.st 
psylla, giving about 85 per cent, control. 
However, the tobacco and lime were both 
too coarse for best results, and too light 
for the dust«‘r to handle to the best ad¬ 
vantage, for in dusting four sides of full- 
growui pear trees* wuth the machine going 
full blast we cuiIy got on about s<‘veu 
one-hundredths (.07) pound i)(‘r tree. 
One man w’ho tried several mixtures re¬ 
ported that one of powdered soap and to¬ 
bacco gave best results. I am confident 
that a mixture <,f about half tobacco and 
half sulphur ground very fine will be bet¬ 
ter than any Ave, tried last Summer. Tin; 
effectiveness of the tobacco dust was also 
tried in small greenhouse tests and found 
<‘ffectivc in direct proportion to its fine- 
E. M. 
Apple Figures from Nova Scotia 
I'he following are average price.s re¬ 
ceived for 1!> varieties of apjdes during 
the years IJtll to l!>1.5 inclusive. The 
jirice is the anmunt received each year 
for the variety, totaled for the five-year 
period, and divided by the number of 
barrels of that variety (counted before 
they are pack(‘d, or as we .say ‘‘tree run’’) 
for th«i .same five years. All selling 
charges and freights have already been 
paid, but growing charges, overhead, bar¬ 
rets, delivery at the packing house at 
rail side, and packing costs, are still to 
be deducted. These latter charges I es¬ 
timate at from .$1.10 piu* barrel for 
heavy bearers such as Ben Davis, to 
.$1..‘15 for light bearers such a.s Golden 
Ilu.sset. The Nova Scotia barrel holds 
only 155 pounds net of fruit and bills at 
150 pounds gross. 
Golden Russet ..$2,180 
Wagener . 2.134 
Early Williams . 2.060 
King of Tompkins . 2.049 
Dudley . 1.970 
Spy . 1.896 
Stark . 1.728 
Roxbury Russet. 1.703 
FaUawater . 1.680 
Gravenstein . 1.642 
Blenheim . 1.6.38 
Baldwin . 1.490 
Canada Red . 1.490 
G.tno .......................... 1.473 
Red Russet. 1.471 
Ben Davis... 1.450 
Ribston . 1.414 
Gntario 1.215 
Mann . 1.21,3 
I am cutting down five of the lowe.st 
varieties, leaving the Ben Davis and the 
Gano. .JOHN buciianan. 
An Orchard Brush Burner 
'fhe picture on page 54.3 shows my 
l»lan of work while pruning our ore-hard. 
It shows a pilain wood platform bolted to 
an ordinary spring wagon to xvork on, 
with an iron Avagon attached at back for 
burning the brush as trimmed. The iron 
Avagou I made from ordinary 24-gauge 
iron and an old set of barroAV wheels. I 
thought the idea Avould do some brother 
fruit groAver some good, as I have saved 
time to pay the cost of making several 
times over, on my 18-acre orchard. I 
have shafts to put on iron Avagon for 
grape and raspberry Avork. E. C. H. 
Harvesting Field Beans 
Answering S. R. B., page 272, as to 
bean harvesters, it is indeed a sIoav job 
to pull the beans Avith a harvester, and 
then fork them out. I raised my first 
bean crop a fcAV years ago, pulled them 
Avith harvester, eight acres, and no help 
to be had, so started forking them out, 
but after tAvo days of it I was so dis¬ 
gusted I borroAved a neighbor’s side-de¬ 
livery rake and started in the morning 
Avhen they Avere slightly damj), I whipped 
tAVO beau harvester rows into one, shell¬ 
ing less beans and doing a far better job 
than by hand. Of course, one ^las to go 
over the field after this and pull Avhat fcAV 
the hanester fails to pull. If a rain 
comes on and Avi'ts the beans Avhip them 
over Avith the side-delivery rake as soon 
as the rain dries off a little, and rain on 
beans after they are pulled Avill have no 
terrors for you. One Avould be surprised 
to se<? hoAv fcAv beans Avill bo shelled by 
the side-delivery, even Avhen the beaus 
are <iuite dry enough to put in bara or 
stack. 3'his Avas not original with me, 
as I had lioard of othei-s doing it in sec¬ 
tions Avhere beans are raised more exten¬ 
sively, lint it has noAV beecome the retmg- 
nized custom hen*. I Avould as .soon think 
of starting in to cut a large acreage of 
Avheat Avith a sickle as to harvest beans 
Avithout a beau harvester and a side-de¬ 
livery rake. . c. B. iu;.\T. 
Michigan. 
“For the Land's .8ake, use BoAvker’s 
Fertilizers; tin y enrich the earth and 
those Avho till it.”—A(/r. 
FIRST CLASS 3-YEAR 
APPLE TREES, ^9 ”” per lOO 
Baldwin, Belleflower, Ben Davis, King, Mann, 
Northern Spy, Pewaukee, Stark, York Imperial. 
PEAR TREES $18.00 per 100 
Bartlett, Clapp’s Favorite, Garber, Kieffer, 
Sheldon, Seckel. 
These prices include boxing. You know all 
these well known varieties—(nothing else to offer) 
so you don’t need to read and pay for an expensive 
catalog. Cash with order, or satisfactory references. 
We refer you to Central Bank, Rochester, N. Y. 
J.S.FORD NURSERIES, PITTSFORD,N.Y. 
Get these 
SPRAY 
Booklets FREE^ 
Every apple grower 
’’should nave them. Help ^ 
' you to raise perfect fruit, ' 
and shoAVS how to keep trees 
free from Aphis, Red Bug and 
''itliereoft-bodied sucking In.sects. 
BLACK lAF 40 kills by conteict. Equally 
effw^lvo when used separately or with 
other sprays. WrKe at once, and get 
8i)ray Ing Chart and Free bulletins. 
The Kentucky Tobacco PfoduciCo./ .. 
Incorporated Louieville, Ky. / KlIlS 
Black Leaf4 
■^Oyo Nfcoftn** 
^ Worlds Wonder 
STRAWBERRY 
We believe the Worlds 
Wonder Strawberry to be the 
largest strawberry ever grown. 
^ productive berry that we have 
w ■ "$8** grown. Plant growth is bcalltiy, 
strong and vigerous, quality in ev¬ 
ery way U the best—for home use or Fancy market it 
has no equal. We want to introduce it to a ihcutand 
homes this spring. Horticulturist Dept. Wash.—says 
largest berry yet seen—season late. Special Price, 50 
plants, $1.25. 100 plants, $2. 500 plants, $6. Sent prepaid. 
BIG BARGAIN CATALOG-FREE 
Progrosaivo and Suiarb, overbearing plants $ 1.00 per 100, 
$6.00 per 1000, brimful of.Burgains for the market gardener. 
E,W. TOWNSEND, HR. 25, SAUSBURY.Md 
STRAWBERRY PLANTS ^ 
BY MAIL OR EXPRESS PREPAID 
The big, profitable varietiea, early, mid-sen-aon, late and 
everbearing. All leading varieticB Raspberry, Blackberry, 
Gooseberry, Currant, Grape, Asparagus, Rhubarb, 
Horseradish and Flowering Plants; and Fruit Trees. 
Alao EARLY VEGETABLE PLANTS. Cabbage, Tomato. 
Beet, Lettuce, Cauliflower, Celery, Sweet Potato, 
Pepper and Egg Plants. I.argo or small lot-s. First class 
plants and safe delivery guaranteed. Catalog Fiec. 
HARRY L. SQUIRES :: Good Ground, N. Y. 
Strawberry Plants 
Ten of the best varieties selected out of a hundred, 
q'en varieties tliat are good enougli for any one. 
Early, Medium and Late. Rond for our 1917 price 
li-stof strawberry and other idants. RouiaiiceSeed 
& Plant Farm, CALEB BOGGS & CO.,Cheswold,Delaware 
STRAWBERRY PLANTS 
_SALE 
60 ▼arUtittS to select from, including the Pall-bearioff Asparaeue 
roots. Raspberry and Dewberry pTants, etc. Send for Free 
Catalog. Dept. 2. J. KEIFFORD HALL, Rhodesdale, Md. 
QTRAUIRCRRV PI ANTU Everbearing and June varie- 
OlnAnDCnnl rLAniOtiuK. AIbo Hasp ben y and 
lUiickberi-y plants, As|>arngus roots and Sweet Potato 
seed. Catalogue free. M. IttlUOU,Vineland, >. J. 
CTRAIMRrRRY PLANTS —Best Everbearing. Also 
O I nHIf Ifbllli I standard June fniling varieties. 
IfCRPTARI rC ALL KINDS- Cet my price on plants 
f bill. IHBUtO Sent by parcel post, prepaid, and 
special price on large orders. C. E. FIELD, Senell, N. J 
STRAWBERRY PLANTS 
and Price list Free. V. R. ALLEN, Box 159, Seaford, Del. 
^Irauihorrioe Send for new catalog. Low prices for 
dlldn Del I loo best plants. 100 Superb everbearing 
mailed for $1 east of Miss. (."Mth year our advei tise- 
ment has been in B. N.-Y.) SLAtMAKER • SON, Wpinino, D«E 
Sirawberry Plants 
Caatalog free, which describes eacii variety. I'ells 
how toplant. BUNTING’S NURSERIES, Box I.Selbyville,Del. 
STRAWBERRY IMantRq p^'r thouNaDd, raUloiF free 
, TL\(iLE 
Itox 90, IMttsvilte, Md 
$lrawhprrw VEGETABLE PLANTS. All leading va- 
DiianuGiij j-ietiesintlieirseason.ine.liuiingttie Pro¬ 
gressive Pall Bearing Send for Cat. David Rodway, Harlly, Del- 
STRiWBERRr PLANTS 
Catalogue Free IJasil Perry, Georoelown. Delaware 
PROGRESSIVE 
StrawberryPlants 
Go<Ki stoc!;. WILIIS 
ROrS.Hoofick Falla. N.T. 
*UPERB EVERBEARING STRAWBERRY PLANTS 
I 100, $1.00, iJOstpaid; 1,000, $10. E. S. ROBINSON, Mayville, N.l. 
MORE MONEY FOR FRUIT 
prices for fruit in tfie 
white basket X h e 
^rliii Quart.'* Tbou- 
aandsof growers now 
enjoying bigger pro- 
fiia. Lota ot money 
making hints in our 
free catalog — writs 
at once. 
THE BERLIN FRUIT 
BOX CO. 
Berlin Heights, Ohio 
Send 
For 
FREE 
Book 
Raspberry Plants 
and other hardy small fruits. Send for catalog. 
GEO. 1>. AIKEN - Box M, FLTNE'k, VT. 
TOMATO SEED-NewStone »»<GreaierBaltimore 
Pound postage paid, $1.50. Booking ordei s for Sweet 
Potato and other Vegetable plants. Send for de- 
seriptive list. H. AUSTIN, Felton, Delaware 
100 St. Regis Everbearing RASPBERRY PLANTS 
by Parcel Post, $1. PAUL L HEGGAN, Waterford. N. J. 
RIIKindaolFruitTreeaitk’ilE'Ga’wa^^^^^ 
F rancis fai-e-beaki.xg htraivuerry 
PEAXTH. W. K. TINDALL, BOYNE CITY, MICH. 
New Peach-Wilma 
A Seedling of Elberta, with Elberta foliage, Elber- 
ta fruit and Elbert.'i pro<lnctivon0S8. Exieud.s 
the Klherta season ten days. 
W. B. Cole, Nurseryman, PaiheRvillc, O. 
NUT TREES 
start right with my hard.v 
PetiiiKylvania grown grafted 
trees and av.-id disapnolnt- 
ineiit. Handsome catalogue 
free. 
J. F. JONES 
THE NUT TREE SPECIALIST 
Box R, Lancaster, Pa. 
maloncy's TREES 
I 
‘gteost-.^^ 
rplusone 
n 
EnT 
10 PEAR TREES7FOR 98c. 
• 2 V«ar ^ ft. First Class HarUUtts 10 for 98c. 
= Our Trees have been for years advertised in 
the Farm Papers which gimntntee their 
advertising. If the trees had not made 
good this advertisement would not appear, 
w© invito you to visit our Nursery or 400 
acres, the largest in New York State, or 
send for our big free wholcsato Catalogue 
Illustrated in colors. 
MALONEY BROS. & WELLS CO. 
53 East St. Dansville, N. Y. 
Dansvulc 9 Pioneer WitolesaLe Nurseries 
Millions of Fruit Trees 
Everyone Rcnuino Harrison-grown, 
robust, healthy, truc-to-name ana 
bxedded from hearing orchards^ 
Backed oy more than _ 
26 yeara* fruit-growing and 
fltjrsery ©xperienccj Apples, peaches, 
pears, plums, chernes and small fruits. 
Also full lino of omomontals. Write to¬ 
day for 1917 Fruit Guido—/ree. ** Largest 
growers of fruit trees in tho world. 
Harritoni* Nurseries^ Box 14 Berlin, Md. 
YOU CAN 
EARN SOME 
MONEY 
at this time by doing some siib- 
soriiitiou work for us. This is 
the time to secure now and re¬ 
newal Giibscriptioiis. Write for 
terms—Department “M.” 
The Rural New-Yorker 
333 West 30th Street 
New York City 
SEED CORN 
BELLE ALTO—GOLDEN DENT 
Won all first prizes Berks County Exhibits 1916. Big 
yield per acre. Small shank, easy to husk, well-filled 
tips and butts, thoroughly ripened. Write for prices. 
Belle Alto Farms,Wemersville, Pa., M.H. McCallum,Mgr. 
TREES 
APPLE 
PEACH 
PEAR 
Fniit trees and plants of all kinds. Iteliable, true to nam* 
stock at reasonable px’ices. Catalogue free; also booklet, 
“How to Plant Trees,’’ if you ask for it and mention this 
paper. 
The Barnes Brothers Nursery Company 
Box 8 Yalesville, Conn. 
