558 
JShe RURAL NEW-YORKER 
April 14, 1917. 
Settle the Spreader Question 
T he farmer who uses a Low Cloverleaf^ 
Low Corn King or Low 20th Century 
spreader these days is the man who makes the most 
money. His land increases in value when regularly 
fertilized. His crops grow better in quality and larger in 
yield when supplied with available plant food. Of all the 
spreaders on the market, the Low Cloverleaf, Low Corn Kinfi^ 
and Low 20th Century come nearest to doing this work as it 
should be done. 
It is a long jump from the ordinary machine to the modem 
low spreader with its double beater and wide spread. Every 
farmer who knows the value of good spreading is buying 
one of these wide spread machines. As a matter of fact, no 
farmer can afford to buy any other kind, because the saving 
of time and labor and the better job of spreading done by a 
Low Cloverleaf, Low Corn King or Low 20th Century makes 
them worth more than ordinary spreaders. 
Complete information about these machines is worth 
money to you. Drop us a line at the address below and 
we will show you very plainly why it will pay you to buy 
a Low Cloverleaf, Low Corn King or Low 20th Century 
spreader. 
International Harvester Company of America 
(Incorporated) .. ^ . 
CHICAGO ••• USA 
Champion DeerinK McCormick Mtlwaukae Oehome Plano 
HIGH PRICE 
OF FEEDS 
Demands that you use the utmost econ¬ 
omy in feeding your dairy cattle. 
^ No matter what you are feeding now, 
Unicorn Dairy Ration will positively 
increase milk production, decrease feed¬ 
ing cost, or both. 
^ The uniform high quality of Unicorn 
is guaranteed by 43 years experience in 
producing dairy feeds. 
^ Our manual shows you bow to bal¬ 
ance your ration with Unicorn and save 
money. 
Write for this free Cow Testers Man¬ 
ual and full information about Unicorn 
Dairy Ration. 
CHAPIN & CO. 
Dept. R-2 CHICAGO, ILL. 
THE 
NEW 
KEMP CLIMAX SPREADER 
A I.IGHT HEIGHT TWO HORSE SPREADER 
Tlie di vim is to the manure spreader wind tlie cutter bar 
is to tlie mower. This New Kemp Climax has revei-sible, 
SelC-SIiarpehliiK Graded Flat Teeth, witli enclosed drum 
that will liaiidle all material at one-tliird less power. 
It shreds the material. You pet over 40 yeai'S experience 
in tliis machine. fVrile for catalog, 
THE N. J. KEMP CO., Batavia, N. Y. 
MINERAL.'".'^ 
Booklet 
Free_ 
$3 Package guaranteed to give satisfaction or mono, 
back. $1 Package eufflefent for ordinary cases. 
MIMEflAL HEAVE REMEDY CO.. 461 Fourth A«e., Pittsburg. Pa 
BOOKS WORTH READING 
I.andscape Gardening, Parsons.2.00 
I.awn Making, Barron. 1.10 
Fertilizers and Crops, Van Slyke-2.60 
Weeds of Farm and Garden, Panamel 1.60 
Book of Wheat, Dondlinger. 2.00 
Puecessful Fruit Culture, Maynard.. 1.00 
Irrigation and Drainage, King.... 1.60 
Study of Corn, Sboesmith.60 
The Soil, King. 1.60 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
633 W. 30th Bt., New York City 
Guard Against 
Disease! 
Keep the air pure, keep animal 
skins clean and free from lice, 
give your animals healthy living 
quarters, and you’ll have little to 
tear from contagious diseases. 
Dr. Hess Dip 
and Disinfectant 
Establishes Healtlr Conditions 
A standard dip for sheep scab and ticks, 
kills lice on all animals. Use regularly— 
all the year round. Spray and sprinkle 
freely about stables, pens, yards and use 
about the house in garbage cans, sinks, 
cesspools, etc., to keep down bad smells 
and destroy disease germs, 
1 gallon, $1. Smaller packages as low as 25c 
(except in Canada and the far West) 
Dr.Hess Fly Chaser protects animals 
from flies. Makes cows quiet and restful. 
Does not discolor hair or blister. 
If not found at your dealer’s, address 
DR. HESS & CLARK 
Ashland. Ohio 
Don’t Get Caught Like This! 
’. ou’ll need horae badly from now on. Why take 
risk or lay up because of lameness? Send for 
SAVE-THE-HORSE 
•*THE humane remedy for lame and blemished 
* horses. It's sold with signed Contract-Bond to 
refund money if it fails to cure SPAVIN, Ringbone, 
Thoropin and ALL Shoulder, Knee, Ankle, Hoot 
and Tendon Diseases, and while horse works. 
Our 96-page FREE BOOK is the last word in the 
treatment of 58 kinds of lameness. It's our 21 
years* experience. Expert veterinary advice. Sample 
Contract end BOOK—ALL FREE. 
TROY CHEMICAL CO., 24 -omaiercs Ars.,BiDglisBitoii.N.T. 
Druggists everywhere sell Save-The-Horse with 
CCNTRACT. or we send by Parcel Post or Express Paid, 
Farm Mechanics 
Weaning the Gasoline Engine 
Tlie rapid development of the automo¬ 
bile and gasoline engine business has 
brought about a peeuliar situation in the 
petroleum industry. Due to the demand 
for it for fuel use in these motors, what 
was once an humble by-product—gaso¬ 
line—umivoid.ably obtained during the 
jirocess of purifying kerosene oil, and it 
is said, often burned in the open air io 
get rid of it. has climbed the scale of de¬ 
sirability until high-salaried chemists nre 
busily engaged in the effort to '"ring a 
few more gallons from the world’s supply 
of crude oil. Thus far their efforts have 
given little relief to the situation. The 
quantity of gasoline recovered from crude 
oil is, under present conditions, a very 
snnill percentage of the whole. To make, 
matters worse it is said that tlu' giisoline 
ciintent of crude oil is not so high as it 
frame instead if it was desired to make 
the outfit portable. Each tank is pro¬ 
vided with a shut-off valve, E. On start¬ 
ing the valve in the gasoline tank. A, is 
opened, permitting gasoline to flow 
through the cop])er tubing, .T. to the mix¬ 
ing valve. I. After the engine has be¬ 
come warmed up the valve in the kero- 
s(>nc tank. R, is opened and the gasoline 
valve closed. This, of course, changes the 
fuel supply to kerosene. A few moments 
before stopping the fiiel supply should he 
switched hack to gasoline so that the en¬ 
gine can bo easily started when -next 
needed. The quantity fed to the engine is 
regulated in both cases by the needle 
valve shown at I. 
When using kerosene a little different 
adjustment of this needle valve is usually 
necessary, also the air adjustment usually 
has to he elumged Ji little, lixperimentii- 
formerly was—that under natural condi¬ 
tions the peremitago of gasoline recoveiaal 
is even less than it used to be. 
This decreasing supply and inereasing 
demand has resulted in raising the price 
enormously, and tins ones to foot the hill 
are the farmer and auto driver—probably 
the two chief users of gasoline. In the 
case of the automobile there seems to be 
little I’olief for the i)resent Jit least. Prac¬ 
tically all engineering effoi’t exi)ended on 
the automobile engine has been iilong the 
line of milking it handle to better advan¬ 
tage gasoline as a fuel, consequently a 
small-bore, high-speed engine has been 
evedved that is nnsiiitod in many ways to 
the burning of heavier fuel oils. 
With the fiirm engine the Ciise is some- 
whiit different. It runs at ii constant 
speed, making the vaporization problem 
less difiicult. fompared with the auto¬ 
mobile engine it is slow-moving and 
roughly finished, helitiug to a certain ex¬ 
tent in overcoming carbon difficulties. Of 
the heavier oils available to the farmer 
kerosene is perhaps the most desirable. 
The supply is jilentiful and the system of 
distribution good; it can he obtained 
everywhere. It is safe to handle and can 
he easily stored without the use of ex¬ 
pensive tanks, something not so easily 
done with the more volatile gasoline. Due 
somewhat to the reasons outlined above 
the cost is low. less than one-half that of 
gasoline at present, and, while it is cheap 
in price scientists tell ns that it contains 
a great many more heat units tlian the 
lighter fuel, gasoline. In other words, for 
less than half the price you got. when 
buying kerosene, a fuel that is capable of 
doing more work. 
While the kerosene engine is familiar 
to most readers at least, it is perhaps not 
as common knowledge that the ordinary 
gasoline engine will run on kerosene after 
it has become sufficiently heated to vapor¬ 
ize the heavier fuel successfully, and can 
easily be changed in the farm workshop 
to a kerosene-burning motor. All that is 
necessary is a second fuel tank for hold¬ 
ing the kerosene and an easy means of 
changing from one fuel to the other 
quickly. 
A small engine so arranged is shown 
in Fig. 214. A and B are the gasoline and 
kerosene fuel tanks respectively. In this 
particular case they are supported by a 
shelf extending from the wall, but they 
could easily he attached to the engine 
tioii is the only way of finding the corre< t 
position for hotli. They should he a<l- 
jnsted until the engine pulls its load with 
the least labor. 
'Pile requiri'd materials—copper tubing, 
.1. shut-off valve, E, finished brass tees, 
(IG, and drain cock, II. can he obtained 
for a. small sum at any first-class garage, 
the total cost for the engine shown being 
.$2.45, exclusive of the cost of the fuel 
tank (B). A third tank not shown in the 
cut. fitted with a small tube opening into 
the air intake of the engine, and kept 
filled with water, is a big aid in keeping 
the engine cool ainl free from carbon, both 
difiicult problems Avhen using kerosene. 
This tube should he fitted with a valve 
for controlling the water suiiply, and the 
water should not be turned on until a 
slight “chug” is noticeable at each ex¬ 
plosion of the engine. The water should 
then be gradually turned on until this 
ceases. Do not use too much water or 
the iiower will be lessened. 
As to the cost of running on kerosene 
a recent test on the engine .shown gave a 
fuel cost for gasoline, at 27 cents per gal¬ 
lon, of five and eighty-.seven one hundredths 
cents per horse power hour, while with 
kerosene at 12 cents per gallon the cost 
was but two cents jier horse power hour, 
and this in an engine designed for use 
with gasoline only. This would mean a 
saving in fuel cost of .$2..‘}2 on an eight- 
horse power engine operated at three- 
fourths load for a ten-hour day. No at¬ 
tempt was made to adjust the engine for 
this test, or slightly lower figures might 
have been obtained in both cases. It is 
true that kerosene oil has some undesir¬ 
able features, but they are inconveniences 
rather than serious difficulties, and by a 
little skill and forethought can be largely 
overcome. If you are one of the men 
who are constantly having trouble with 
your engine my advice would be to leave 
the kerosene proposition alone. On the 
other hand, if you a”e master of your en¬ 
gine as it is now arranged, and it is being 
used for considerable periods of time, that 
is, the runs average long enough to per¬ 
mit getting the engine hot enough to use 
kerosene, it is worth a trial. The use of 
kerosene will save you money. 
ROBERT H. SMITH. 
“They say money talks.” “It does; 
but it never says more than two woi’ds to 
me, and they are ‘good bye,’ ”—Judge. 
