•Ghe RURAL NEW-YORKER 
April 21, 1917. 
600 
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Here’s the Thing to Do 
I F you want to decrease your labor expense—if you 
want to secure the best men—if you want to milk most 
economically—if you want to be sure of high prices for 
your milk because of purest milk—the sure way is to fol¬ 
low the lead of thousands of other dairymen and install 
Empire Milkers are now in use in every important dairy 
section of the country. They are the most economical 
machines you can buy for they soon pay for themselves 
by saving time and wages and they are used twice a day 
every day hi the year. 
If you want to find out how profitable Empire Milking 
Machines would be for your dairy write for our pamphlet, 
“What Dairymen Say” and catalog 23, and tell us how 
many cows you milk. This is the first step toward reducing your 
cost of operation and it incurs no obligation on your part. We 
want you to have complete information and it is to your inter¬ 
est to get it, so please write us today and let us send it free. 
Empire Cream Separator Company 
Manufacturers of Empire Milking Machines, Cream Sep¬ 
arators, Gasoline Engines and Electric Light Plants 
Bloomfield, New Jersey 
Chicago, Denver, Portland, Ore., Montreal, Toronto, Winnipeg, Canada 
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Backs this saw. 
As low as 
.$7.90 
It is the best and cheapest saw made. 
HERTZLER & ZOOK 
Portable 
Wood 
Saw 
is easy to operate. 
Only $7.90 sow made to 
■which ripping tablo'ran 
be added. Guaranteed 
1 year. Money refunded 
if not satisfactory. 
Send for catalog. 
Hertzler & Zook Co. 
Box Belleville. Pa. 
SELF-OILING WINDMILL 
With INCLOSED MOTOR 
Keeping OUT DUST an^ -KeepjngJN OIL 
SPLASH OILING 
SYSTEM /i Constantly Flooding 
Eveiy Bearing With 
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_ The lightest Breeze 
OIL SUPPLY ^ 
REPLENISHED ^ And Prevents Wear 
ONLY ONCE A YEAR 
DOUBLE GEARS — Each Carrying'Half the Load 
Every feature desirable in a windmill in the 
AUTO-OILED AERMOTOR 
Gasoline Engines — Punr>ps —Tanks 
Water Supply Goods—Steel Frame Saws 
Write AERMOTOR CO. 2500 12th St_ Chicacc 
I F you want 
healthier, more 
productive live¬ 
stock— more profit 
from dairy cows— 
more work from 
drauglit animals— 
You should send 
for and read this 
free circular— 
“Better Barns.” 
Successful dairy¬ 
men and farmers 
everywhere are 
using 
VENTILATORS 
because they remove stale air 
and barn odors, keep the air 
fresh and invigorating, make 
healthier cattle, and so make pos¬ 
sible bigger profits. Send for 
your copy of this circular today. 
GLOBE VENTILATOR COMPANY 
DEPARTMENT A TROY, N. Y. 
Spray - Dip - Disinfect 
When you see those words wliat sort Oi a product do you think of! Probably a dirty’ 
vile-sinellinfc. oily coal-tar or dangerous carbolic acid. 
Then you will quickly see the remarkable advantage of using P-K, the POu hKl'LL 
disinfectant with ten times the germ-killing strength of undiluted carbolic acid, ns B-w is not 
a poison—contains no acid to sting, or dangerous drugs to poison—no oil to catlier llltli on 
stock. B-K is clear and clean as water, and as easy to use. You should use B-K regularly lor 
spraying barns and stock—liog pens and poultry houses—for,dipping the birds auu stock as 
well as for mixing in the drinking water. If your dealer does not have B-K, send us lus name. 
IVenlers wanted in every town. 
Awarded Gold 
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Exposition. 
FREE BULLETIN'S—Send for complete information— 
“trial offer” and bulletins on Farm Disinfecting—Con¬ 
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try Raising. 
General Laboratories, 
STOT S. Dickinson St. 
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Live Stock Feeding Problems 
Ration for Work Horses 
Wliat nro ftirmcrs going to flo for horse 
feed thi.s coming Hummer? The following 
is a list of feeds itvailable: Oats, 80c; 
cornmeal, $2.00 per cwt.; middlings, 
$2.40; bran, .$2.20; linseed me 1, .$2.80. 
I can also got malt screenings for $18 a 
ton. This contains mostly oats and bar¬ 
ley. AVonld you make up the cheapest 
and best I’atiou from the above? I would 
like to use the intilt screenings mostly if 
you think it advisable. G. J. w. 
New York. 
Malt screenings are rather bulky, con- 
s-idering the nutriment they contain, to 
feed in excess to working horses. I 
should make the ration six parts oats, 
four parts corn and two parts malt 
screenings. It is of course, a good plan 
to give a bran mash once a week or so. 
_ H. L. j. 
Ration for Milch Cows 
Will you give me a well-balanced ration 
for milch cows? I have cornstalks, hay. 
oiit straw, clover hay, brewers’ grains 
jtud malt spi'outs on hand. L. S. 
Feed 10 lbs. of clover hay and 8 lbs. of 
cornstalks and straw daily, and make 
grain ration 2 parts dried brewers’ grains, 
1 part malt sprouts. 1 part oil meal and 1 
part gluten feed. Feed grain at late of a 
pound to Ihs. of milk jiroduced daily. 
This is not a very palatable ration, corn¬ 
stalks, straw, and dried brewers’ grains 
and malt siirouts all being more or less 
bulky for the nutriment they contain, and 
quite unpalatable. Home dried beet pulp 
would help if you could get it. Feed 3 
lbs. of this per head per day soaked in 
three times its weight of wtirm water. 
You could then feed less of the above 
grain inixture_; _ ll. L. J. 
Rations for Freshening Cows 
Will you give me the best ration to he 
f(‘d after freshening to a registered Ayr¬ 
shire heifer, three years old, due April l.T, 
first time. Is in good flesh and of aver¬ 
age size. The following grains are on 
hand or are available; Bran middlings, 
linseed oil meal, gluten, cottonseed, coiui- 
meal, ground oats. Hay is Timothy, Red- 
top and a little clover. No silage, nor 
Alfalfa and cannot get distillers’ grains 
or beet pulp. Also a ration for Guernsey, 
average size, and in good condition, due 
to freshen in two weeks. E, G. s. 
Feed all hay cows will clean nj) two or 
three times daily. Make grain ration 1 
part cottonseed meal. 1. part oil meal, 1 
part gluten feed. 2 parts bran and 1 part 
ground oats. In making up mixture add 
1 per cent, salt to it. The same i-ation 
will do for the Guernsey as for the Ayr¬ 
shire, except it will require a little more 
grain per jiouud of milk in case of the 
richer milk. Feed at the rate of a pound 
of grain to 3^ lbs. of milk to the Ayr¬ 
shire and a pound to 3 lbs. of milk to the 
Guernsey. Of course, these rules are gen¬ 
eral and the cow will tell the feeder 
whether they need to be varied, ii. L. J. 
Ration Including Peanut and Cocoanut 
Meal 
I have just purchased a car of peanut 
and cocoanut meal, and am feeding dried 
grain and some commercial feed with it. 
I am also feeding clover hay once a day, 
silage twice a day. Hilage is good, hut 
not very rich, as there was not much 
corn on'the stalks. What would you ad¬ 
vise to feed with the above-mentioned 
feeds? Brail. $42; other feed in iiropoi*- 
tion. T am feeding 50 cows 200 to 1,000 
lbs. of feed per day. Cows average .about 
00 lbs. of milk per day. When I feed less 
I get less milk. Tows mostly Ilolsteins. 
New York. c. ii. e. 
Feed 35 to 40 lbs. of silage daily and 
what clover hay cows will clean up. 
M.ake grain ration 114 parts cocoanut 
meal, parts peanut meal, 1 part di'ied 
distillers’ grains, 1 part bran, 1 part hom¬ 
iny or cornmeal and 1 per cent. salt. 
II. F. J. 
Salt in Dairy Ration 
I notice II. F. .7. in making up a ration 
for cows often advises 1 per cent, of salt. 
Is salt necessary? How does be or any 
one else know? Have there ever been 
any experiments made with two or three 
generations of cows to prove it? Halt 
being an indigestible mineral I cannot see 
why it should be necessary any more 
than iron filings. F. M. S. 
INIicbigan. 
Besides increasing the palatability ^_of 
many feeds Carlyle and B.abcock, Wis¬ 
consin, report for 1005, found salt a nec- 
essaiT constituent of cows in milk. Their 
results are set forth in Henry’s “Feeds 
and Feeding.” In every case the cows 
exhibited an abnormal _ appetite for salt 
after having been deprived of it for two 
or three weeks, hut in no case did the 
health of the animal, as shown by gen¬ 
eral appearance, the live weight, or the 
yield of milk, appear to be affected until 
a much longer time had elapsed. This 
period of immunity varied with indi¬ 
vidual cows from less than a month to 
more than .a ,vear. There was finally 
reached a low vitality, when a break- 
doM-n occurred. This stage was marked 
bv loss of appetite, a general haggard ap¬ 
pearance. lusterless eyes, a rough coat 
and a very rapid decline in both live 
weight and yield of milk. If salt Avas 
supplied at this period recovery was com¬ 
plete and rapid. In one case potassium 
chloride was given in place of common 
salt. Considerable of it was eaten, though 
cows oidimirily refuse to touch it. and 
recovery followed iis quickl.y as when the 
common salt was given—evidence that 
not the lack of sodium but the lack of 
chlorin that was responsible for the 
troubles. The breakdown due to lack of 
salt usually occurred after calving, when 
the milk flow was heavy, and generally 
the cows milking heiiviest wei'e the first 
to show distress.” 
Babcock points out that the salt re- 
quiremeut will vary in different localities. 
Hoils containing large amounts of salt 
doubtless produce feeding stuffs contain¬ 
ing more Siilt than those poor in this in¬ 
gredient and. again, the water in streams 
and wells varies greatly in salt content. 
These facts doubtless account for the dis¬ 
agreement among experimenters in .liffer- 
ent parts of the world as to the import¬ 
ance and value of salt. Cows in milk an] 
sheep show the gi'oatest need of salt, 
fattening cattle, dry cows, and stock 
cattle require less salt, and pigs but little. 
u. L. J. 
Improving Ration 
We have a daii-y of grade and pure¬ 
bred Ayrshires. We have mixed hay and 
are feeding a mixture of 125 lbs. brew¬ 
ers’ grains, 100 lbs. mixed wheat, 100 
lbs. cornmeal, 100 lbs. yellow gluten, 100 
lbs. other gluten, and a handful of oil 
meal to each cow ; salt daily. How can 
I improve this ration? Cows ai'e in good 
condition and are milking well. Is 
“gluten feed” the yellow gluten or the 
distillers' gluten? s. S. s. 
New York. 
Your grain ration is a little low in 
protein for mixed hay; would be better 
to cut out the Cornmeal. JIake ration 
200 parts brewers’ grains. 100 mixed 
feed, 200 gluten feed. 50 jiarts oil meal 
and one per cent. salt. Yellow gluten 
gets its name from the yellow corn from 
which it is made. The name came into 
use when gluten began to be made from 
ivhite corn to distinguish it from the 
whitish gluten. ii. F. J. 
Brewers’ Grains or Silage 
Which would be the cheaper for me, 
silage with the feeds that go to make a 
balanced ration, or wet brewery grains 
that cost me $0 per ton delivered? 1 
am considering building a silo if it is 
cheaper. I am now feeding 25 pounds. 
grains and four jiounds corn and cob 
meal daily with all the Alfalfa and clq- 
A'er mixed hay they want. I take abmit 
3,50 pounds cut cornstalks. 500 grain, 
mixed in a large box, put 30 gallons hot 
water and close lid iind let steam for six 
to 12 hours, and then give to cow with 
two pounds corn and cob meal on top of 
above mixture both morning and night, 
at iiresont feeding 17 head weighing !>()0 
to 1100 pounds each. Is my ration bal¬ 
anced all right, and which would be the 
cheaper, what I am now using or silage 
and a grain ration- to balance? lia.st 
year my corn crop from 17 acres was 
.$900 in ear corn with the stalk to use. 
Would silage to feed six months use 17 
acres of coi-n? J. c. Av. 
New .Torsey. 
I judge you are getting good results 
by your lu-esent methods of feeding. Vv’et 
brewers’ grains at $0 per ton delivered ai-e 
certainly a better proposition than_corn 
silage, usually figured at $4 to $5 per 
ton as far iis fe('d value goes. Y'oui- ra¬ 
tion must b(* vi'i-y M'ell balanced al¬ 
though probably slightly high in protein. 
However, figuring 15 tons of silage to 
the acre, asi amount easy to produce, 
and assuming that you feed 35 pounds 
1 ) 01 - day for ISO days it would take about 
four acres of land to grow the silage for 
17 head. By feeding .35 pounds^ silage 
and 15 jiounds of Alfalfa hay daily you 
can make a balanced ration using only 
tliree or four pounds of grain daily made 
up of one part corn and cob meal or corn 
me.al and two pants standard middlings.. 
If you could use the remaining land to 
better advantage lhan you are now doing 
it might pay to put up a silo. This is 
a problem you would have to decide, 
knoM-ing the conditions better than I. 
H. F. J. 
Unbalanced Ration 
In what way would you criticize the 
following ration for a 850-lh. .Tersey 
(grade) cow returning about 22 lbs. of 
5.0 per cent, milk? Oats. 4 lbs.; corn. 5 
lbs.; beans, 2 lbs.; soy beans, l^/^ i 
with 20 to 30 lbs. of roots and 15 lbs. of 
shredded stover in the Fall, changing^ lo 
clover or Alfalfa hay in mid or late Win¬ 
ter? K. J. M. 
With corn stover and mangels fur 
roughage your grain r.ation is decidedly 
unbalanced in that it is lacking in pro¬ 
tein. Even with Alfalfa hay and roots 
it is lacking in protein to some extent. 
It would be better to cut the corn down 
to two parts. Hince your cow’s milk is 
very rich grain should be fed at rate of 
a pound of grain to 3 to 3^4 lbs. of milk 
produced daily. H. F. J. 
