726 
Jahe RURAL NEW-YORKER 
May 26, 1917. 
Manure and Potato Scab 
Does pig manure make potatoes scabby? 
What solution would you use to prevent 
from rotting, or from grubs? Have you 
f‘ver used sulphur? L. M. G. 
Woburn, Mass. 
We have had reports that pig manure 
causes scab and rot in potatoes, btit have 
never found it true, except where there 
were scabby or rotten potatoes in the 
manure. These diseases are jiroduoed or 
spread by germs. Often the pigs are fed 
such potatoes and then when the manure 
is hauled out and spread on the potato 
ground the disease germs lU’e carried too. 
The same is tnie <>f horse or c<»w manure. 
There is no way of dipiiting potato seed 
to prevent rot or .attacks from grubs. 
Soaking in formalin and Avater as we 
have often described will kill the germs 
of scab and Avill help in some other forms 
of disease. We use sulphur on the seed 
because it heljis pi’event scab, helps pre¬ 
serve the seed in the ground and, we 
think, has some effect in keeping off white 
grubs, in the soil. 
Bridge-grafting 
I think George W. Wallace, on page 
.142. gives a wrong impression, as to the 
necessity of bridge-grafting, in cases 
where tree is entirely girdled. It is cer¬ 
tainly the wrong idea entirely, to try to 
feed the top of the tree through tlie bark 
by setting out rooted ai)ple s)»routs about 
tiie base of the tree, as he recommends, 
as the roots of the girdled tree continue 
sending up sap to the top, through the 
wood, and will often continue to do .so 
for over a year after mice have girdled 
the tree completel.v. The idea of the 
bridge-grafting i.s to get the “elaborated” 
saj) back to the roots of the tiee. to keep 
them from starving to death. The other 
two methods described, would, of course, 
do this, but the planting of other .small 
trees about the base and' inserting above 
the wound, simply lets the tree routs die. 
I. t'. K. 
Hens and Spraying 
Ilegarding hens in the sprayed orchard, 
we have for several years had from 500 
to 1.000 hens running in a mature or¬ 
chard of seven acres and have never lost 
any from the spraying that we are aware 
of. We take no sp cial precauti(m; in 
fact, w'e aim to give the trees lieavy 
spraying. ^ s. 
Columbia Co., N. Y. 
Asparagus from Seed 
You who Avere disappointed in getting 
asparagus roots can have .a fine bed in 
two years h'om set'd. Sow the seed this 
Summer in fine soil, in a row as you 
■wonld carrots or beets, p>itting Avhere it 
will not be too dr.v nor flofuled in Win¬ 
ter. Keep all Aveeds out, and next Sum¬ 
mer take up and place roots in permanent 
l>*d. The third Spring you can begin to 
cut for a short time. Put manure on 
just after cutting is stopped, instead of 
later. Keep clean from Aveeds iuid it 
Avill gl-OAA-. MRS. G. s. D. 
Maine. 
Women as Farm Workers 
The XcAv York City office of the State 
Public Employment P.ureau. located at 
2(i2 Fulton street, Prooklyn, is serving as 
the clearing house for all Avumen in this 
vicinity Avho Avant Avork in the country. 
A considerable number of such Avomeix 
are uuav registered Avith this Rxireau. 
Miiny of the.se have been on farms Inffore; 
Some can milk, raise poultry, ur ara ex¬ 
perienced gardeners; some have had in. 
addition, training in agricultural schools. 
The remainder are untrained, but are 
anxious to learn; all these are over 
tAventy years of age, but are strong and 
willing. In addition, there are several 
couples, the Avomen Avanting liouseAVork, 
the men farm avo rk, also AvidoAVs Avho have 
one or tAvo childi’en. Avho are experienced 
domestics and Avould go to the country. 
The Bureau Avould be glad to commun¬ 
icate Avith anyone Avho can make use cf 
such Avorkers, or anyone Avho Avants Avork 
of this nature. 
Value of Onion Soil 
Several of our people oavii superior 
onion land located close to a railroad 
dc])ot. It is Avithin reasonable shipping 
distance of Nexv York. The land Avould 
rank a.s good black soil, producing fine 
onions, and evidently rich in nitrogen. 
These men have been apixroached by par¬ 
ties Avho Avant to buy this soil. It is to 
be used either as filler for mixed fertil¬ 
izer. or to be dried and .sold as humus 
for direct use on the land, or for bedding 
and absorbents. This is something of a 
neAV business, and farmers Avant to know' 
what they ought to get for .such soil by 
the ton. It is a hard (piestion to _an- 
sAver, 'because all fertilizer materials 
ought to be bought and sold on the basis 
of their plant food value, and without an 
analysis of this soil carefully Avorked 
out, no one can tell just AA hat it ought to 
be worth. The various forms of humus 
noAV on the market apparently sell from 
.$8 to $12 a ton, depending upon the 
quality and what the.v are to be used 
for. Many of these onion soils are com- 
paratiA'ely rich in nitrogen. .Some of 
them without doubt contain as much 
crude nitrogen as the average sample of 
farm manure. Tln-y are not of course 
Worth as much as manure, since the ni¬ 
trogen they contain is not fully avail¬ 
able, but a .superior quality of .soil fi'om 
one of these bed.s, well located, ought to 
be AA'orth from $1.50 to $1.75 per ton. 
This is not printed to make a standard 
price, because the_ quality of this soil 
and the location will determine the price 
finally, but under ordinary circumstances 
if such soil is Avorth scraping up and 
drying at all for fertilizing purposes, it 
ought to be AA'orth the sum mentioned. 
Boston Produce Markets 
CURRENT SUPPI.IES ARE I.IGUT, BUT Pt.AXT- 
IXG IS KEI'ORTEI) IIE'AVY IN SO.ME EINES. 
The street section around Faneuil Hall 
Market is very quiet Avith hardly a far¬ 
mer’s team in sight, except very eaidy in 
the morning. They are bringing in a lit¬ 
tle rhubarb, spinach, kale, dandelions and 
asparagus, but quantity is light and prices 
Corresp<uidingly high. Hothouse stuff 
profits by the lateness of the season and 
prices keep up Avell. .'Southern produce 
is in moderate supply and most of it high 
in pi'ice. I’oultry and dairy products are 
not OA-er-abundant, and the market is Avell 
sustained. With only a moderate volume 
of trade dealers have time to talk about 
the coming cro]i of native produce, and 
the general opinion is that there is more 
danger of oA’^er-prodnetion in market gar¬ 
den ci’op than in other lines. 
A fertilizer concern Avas asked about 
the demand for fertilizers, “There is a 
big increiise in the demand for mixed fer¬ 
tilizers and the sales could no doubt be 
increased six times over if all demands 
could be met, but there is a limit to the 
suiijdy of raw material and the cap.-icity 
of the factories. The fertilizer concerns 
hiive stopped selling separate raw mate¬ 
rials like nitrate of stida. sulixhate of am¬ 
monia and acid phosphate, but we cannot 
CA'cn supply the demand for the re.ady- 
mixed goods and some deliveries cannot 
be made for two Aveeks yet, Avhich AAould 
make them pretty late for some planting. 
The increase in demand is all through Noav 
I England, heaviest in Maine perhaps, but 
large everyAvhere. It has been stated that 
the fertilizer shi))ments to Maine have 
been 50 p<‘r cent. aboA e la.st year, but Ave 
.should not put the increase quite as high 
las tha<^. It Avill be harder than usual to 
find local markets for perishable produce, 
because so much of the normal demand 
Avill be cut off by rea.son of the thousand.s 
of gardens the produce of Avhich will be 
sold or given aAvay to neighbors. It will 
be safer to encourage the jdauting of 
crops like corn, beans .and potatoe.s, even 
though some of these ma.v be overdone.” 
According to Boston seedsmen tliere is 
a great demand for seeds and all garden 
supplies. Beans .are being planted heavily 
and the price of yelloAv eyes is $12 per 
bushel, Avhile the scarcer varieties like 
French Horticultural, are .$4..50 per peck. 
A large estate in Vermont illustrates the 
situation. The OAvner is jiloAving hun¬ 
dreds of acres and raising cr<ii*s as a pa¬ 
triotic duty. He Avas intending to plant 
90 acres of cabbages, but on account of 
his distance from nnirket and the jiei-ish- 
able nature of the crop, he is planting, 
all his land to jiotatoes. beams and grain, 
having bought over a hundred tons of fer¬ 
tilizer. The insecticide dealers rejiort a 
demand far ahead of the supply and fear 
they will be unable to make some shij)- 
ments in .season to be used AA'hen needtal. 
BUTTER FAIRLY STEADY, 
While some dealers report the trend 
doAVUAvard, the jxrice changes are not very 
large, although the market failed to r(‘- 
cover at all after the big decline the first 
of Miiy. The Ioaahw prices look attrju- 
tiA'e to the trade and more liberal buying 
has taken place every time the price Avent 
beloAV_ fort.v cents, thus strengthening the 
situation by clearing up the surplus and 
causing the market to hold fairly steady 
.arouml that level for Northern ttib 
creamery extras. Said t'harles H. Stone 
& ('o.: “Season is still very late, but 
considerable grass butter should arrive 
next Aveek. The best northern tub cream- 
er.v is selling at TSc. and best AVe.stern 
about the same. 'ITie ijualir.v is rather 
unsati.sfactory, shoAving stale cream flavor 
or other defects on account cf poor ci'eam 
or milk. It Avill imiirove Avirh Avarmer 
AA'oather and shipments should increase. 
What little ucaa' cheese is arriving is too 
green for immediate use, but Avill im¬ 
prove. It sells at 26 to 26i4e. Old 
cheese is* about done. There is no call 
for the export trade at present prices,” 
A STRONG EGG MARKET. 
Receipts are very moderate in amount, 
and, so long as the Aveather is seasonably 
cool, quality remains satisfactory and 
price shoAvs a tendency tOAA'ards improA'e- 
ment. Nearbys are quoted at 80c. East¬ 
ern firsts at 86^ to ,87c; Western, .88. 
and storage packed Western. .861/^. As 
the season advances, egg candlers are kejjt 
binsy taking out eggs showing defects, 
.decoding to .a large dealer, the rotten 
eggs taken out in handling “must be 
labeled as such and stenciled for mechan¬ 
ical uses only. That lets the dealer out. 
The rots are used in tanning leather. If 
the buyers .‘ell them for any other pur¬ 
pose they take a big ri.sk. The other day 
one of them Avas fined .$200, Avhich Avoulii 
consume the profits of an.A' illegal trade 
for quite a Avhile. They pay .50c ,a ca.se. 
The only grade that Ave m.ake of defec- 
tiA'e food eggs are the chei'ks; eggs AA'hich 
were cracked or dented during colltN-tioa 
or shipment. There is always a per cent, 
of such eggs, even in nearby shipments, 
and they are all right, excejit that they 
AA'ill not keep so long as eggs with un¬ 
broken shells. AVe have to stand the loss 
for .such eggs._ The railroad will not pay 
unless .a case is badly damaged.” 
POULTRY IN LIMITED SLTPLY. 
The poultry maret is ster.d.A-. AA'itbout 
much change in the situation. About the 
only stock presse.l for sale at all urgently 
are cold storage broilers from the West. 
T, H. V heeler & <'o. g... 
loAV!^: “The general price for live foAvls 
i.s 25c. The market ju-efers large, plump 
.velloAv-legged foAvls, but in time of .S(*ar- 
••ity. like tJie prc.sent, AA'ill .sometimes take 
small Avhite-legged foAvls at about the 
market pxdce. Large foAA'ls are in special 
demand at times for .TeAA'ish holid.ay trade, 
and sold at one time in .\pril a.s high as 
•lOc. Present receipts of poultry are 
mostly liA’e and dressed foAA'ls. There are 
some S(in:ib-size bi’oilers selling at 70 to 
'"^Oc per pair. 8'he top reached this sea¬ 
son Avas $1.15 per p:ar, Avhich is a pretty 
good price for 11/. lbs, of chicken. Not 
many regular-sized broilers are coming 
yet because the season is late. We do 
not expect the jxrice to go very high be¬ 
cause of the .‘ilmndance of Wstei'n frozen 
broilers, but receijxts should increase rap¬ 
idly in .Tune and also shipments of fowls 
as the height of the laying se.a.son pas.ses. 
It is reported also that many flocks are 
being .sold out on account of the cost of 
feeding. One large establishment Avith 
seA-eral thou.sand d<dl,ars’ AA'orth of bxiild- 
ings remains idle Avithont a bird on the 
premises,” 
FRUIT AND VEGICTARLES IN FAIR DEMAND. 
Apple dealers n-purt the market shoAA'- 
fOonTinued on page 728) 
A LAAVYER AA'as trying a case, when a 
young man created much disturb.ance by 
moving about the room, lifting chairs 
and looking under things. “Young man,” 
called out the judge, “you are making a 
great deal of unnecessary noise. W’hat 
are you about?” “Your Honor,” replied 
the young man, “I have lost my overcoat 
and am trying to find it.” “Well, young 
man,” said tbe judge, “people often lose 
whole suits here Avithout making all that 
disturbance.”—Toronto Sun. 
“For the Land’s Sake, use BoAvker’,s 
Fertilizers; they enrich the earth and 
those AA’ho till it."’— Adv. 
IBOKME 
? 
Fann, Garden and Orchard Tools 
Answer the farmers’ bigr questions. 
How can 1 grow crops with less help? 
How digr potatoes with fewer horses 
and men? How save every tuber 
before the frost and in time for the 
best market? j, . 
IRON age — 
.‘AsSa ^;]j jjjj your potatoes in two- 
thirds the usual time. Saves two 
horses for other work. Operated 
by 4 1-2 H. P. air-cooled “New 
AVay” Engine. You can stopthe 
Digger and the engine will clear 
the machine. Automatic throw- 
out clutch prevents breakage. 
Eii^ne l« miic-kly Interchangeable 
for Iron Age Engine Sprayer. 
make three other styles, one of which 
will surely meet your condition. We 
make a full line of potato machinery. 
Send for booklet today. 
Bateman M’l’g Co., Box 2 N Grenloch, N. J. 
Seasonable Farm Seeds 
cow PEAS, SOY BEANS 
The best varieties for hay and 
silage, also Millets, ^Buckwheat 
Dwarf Essex Rape, etc. 
MANGEL WURZELS and 
SUGAR BEETS 
for stock feeding, all the best varieties. 
Write for prices on any Farm Seeds de¬ 
sired, also ask for free Alfalfa Leaflet. 
HENRY A. DREER, Philadelphia, Pa. 
MORE MONEY FOR FRUIT 
You get “top” prices for fruit in the 
white basket —The 
'Berlin Quart.*' Tboa- 
esnda of growers now j 
enjoying bifftrer pro* 
fits. Lota of money 
making bints in our 
free catalog — write 
at once. 
THE BCflUN FRUIT 
BOX CO. 
Berlin HeightefOhlo V. 
Send 
For 
FREE 
Book 
Early Vegetable Plants' 
BY MAIL OR EXPRESS PREPAID 
Cabba^, Tomato, Beet, Cauliflower, Lettuce, Celery, 
Sweet Potato, Pepper, Eggplants. Large or small loU. 
First class plants and safe delivery guaranteed. Also 
Strawberry Plants 
The big, profitable varieties—early, mid-season, late and 
everbearing; and the best varieties of Raspberry, Black* 
berry,Gooseberry, Currant,Grape, Asparagus, Rhubarb, 
Horseradish and Flowering Plants and Fruit Trees. 
('ataiog free. 
HARRY L. SQUIRES, GOOD GROUND, N. Y. 
^TRAWRFRRY PLANTS —Best Everbearing. Also 
A* ■ ilH II Ubnil I standard June fruiting varieties. 
yCCCTARI CC ALL KINDS. Get luy price on plants 
W fcUU ■ MULik,J sent by parcel post, prepaid, and 
«pecial price on large orders. C. E. FIELD, Sewell, x. J. 
VplTpfahlp Pliinf. CABBAGE. EARLY TOMATO, SWEET PO- 
TeglHdDIG rianis tATO, beets. IOO.Mc: 300 , $L Post¬ 
paid. $1.60 per 1.000, not Prepaid. Other Plants in season. 
Send for Ill. Cat. DAA'ID ROUWAY, Hartly, Delaware 
100 St. Regis and 6 Moores Early Grape Vines 
by P. Post for tl ALEX, HEGGAN, Jr.. Waterford, N. J. 
SWEET POTATO PLANTS 
All the leading varieties. 100—POSTAGE PAID, 36c. 
1,000—BY EXPRESS,«1.50. H. Austin, Felton, l>el. 
A5PAR AGII^ ROOTS. I yr. old. $2 per 1,000 ; 2 yr. old, $3 
per IjOOO. Horse Radish seta, $3 per 1,000. 
Onion Plants, Cabbage, Beets, Lettuce, fl per 1,000. Peppers, 
Sweet Potato, $2 per 1,000. Egg Plants and Cauliflower, Sj per 
, — c , . , , . ... —... 
1,000. Send for List. 
Je C. SCHMIDT. BHstol, 
2-yr. Palmetto Asparagus Roots 
F, W.Wood, Danielson, Ct. 
100 St. Regis Everbearing RASPBERRY PLANTS 
by P.iree] Post. |l. PAUL L. HEGGAN, Witerford, N. J. 
Vpffniakla Planfa potato. rEfPEi, tomato, cauliflower, 
logaiduio ridiiis cabiageand egg plants and asparagus 
ROOTS. Catalogue free. MichaklN. Bobgo, Vineland, N. J. 
P.kk.ma DUnt.—Two Million. Danish and Domestic. 
baoDage rianis a n ii m e a d, winrnm.on, n. y. 
sAiE-CowPeas-Soy Beans-Scarlet Clover Seed 
JO.SKPH E. HOLUANU, Milford, Delaware 
D* J T * Granges, Farmer Chibs get our price 
ninrtPr I whip Furmer agents wanted. Sample and 
x/iiiuva a ” •A*''circular free. Thca. Burl S Sons, MsIrtic.O. 
SECOND-HAND PIPES,TANKS AND BOILERS 
Eluen for culverts—Flumes and l*cnRtoeks, l*lpe, 
threaded and coupled ready for conneetjou or cut to 
length suitable foriieating, suppoi-teand fence purposes. 
Guaranteed callable of reasonable pressures. PteeL 
beiiniflland rnlla cut to; length. Tanka of all sizes, 
o|)en. closed, suitable for storage of water, gasoline. 
AGENTS FOR THE SKINNER IRRIGATION SYSTEM. 
Write for circulars amt prices. 
PERRY. BUXTON, DOANE CO., BOSTON. M,\SS. 
AKTHUR L. FKRKI.S 
of all kinds at 
Factory prices 
Interlaken, N. Y. 
iNocu- env ni? a mc and douuue 
DATE i DlhiVIN OtHE CROP 
INOCUUTING BACTERIA for ALFALFA, CLOVER 
BEAKS, I*EAS, V E T C M, all LEGUMES 
50 cts. PER ACRE, ACRES, $2 
:)(l-page book on LEGUME GROWING. FREE. 
THE EGGEKT t IIKMICAE CO., Canton. Ohio 
l-HT* A M Inoculatorat SI acre, 
(J for Next mail. 
You can't afford to use poor bacteria. Write me 
personally. I'll tell you about my different kinds 
of bacteria tbatcati’t fail, and send booklet. 
JACOB McyUEKN . Box 1, Baltic, Ohio 
Cabbage and Tomato Plants 
Grown in Held from he»t selected seed. SI.75 per 1,000 
by express. Postpaid, 100— 50c.; iiOO —SI.25; 600— S2 ; 
1,000— S2.75. Special prices In lots. Leading Tarieties 
of other plants in season. Full count—carefully packed 
—immediate shipment. OAKLIN FARM, Salisbury, N. Ot 
SLUG-SHOT 
USED FROM OCEAN TO OCEAN FOR 34 YEARS 
Sold by Seed Dealers of America 
Saves Currants, Potatoes, Cabbag,’e, Melons, Flowers, Tree* and 
Shrubs from Insects. Put up in popular packages at popular 
prices. Write for free pamphlet on Bugs and Blights, etc., to 
HAMMOND’S Paint C) Slug-Shot Works, Beacon, N< Y< 
10022 
for a 
SLOGAN 
i 
We want a better slogan than “Practical Fruit 
Crowing and Marketing.” By slogan we mean 
a descriptive phra.se for the American Fruit 
Grower which we can run under the name 
“American Fruit Grower” at all times as a 
sub-title. To the person sending in the best 
.slogan we will give $100 in cash. Full partic¬ 
ulars of the contest published in the American 
Fruit Grower. 
Special offer : Send 25c and names of three 
fruit (jroacris for trial 12 months' subscription. 
American Fruit Grower 
Charlottesville, Va, 
