1106 
'She RURAL NEW-YORKER 
September 22, 1917 
the daniji hay ns it is put into barn will 
often help, but the only real remedy is 
to avoid putting partly cured or wet hay 
into the ban), and then covering it with 
other hay. Xatiyally the thick stems 
of clover and Alfalfa coitiiin more 
moisture than the I'est of the jdant. It 
is very diflicult to dry these, stems 
thoroughly .after tlie leaves .are withered, 
as most of the moistui'e in the plant 
will be delivered thi-ough the le.aves. 
That is one great advantage of curing 
.Vlfalfa or clover in the windrow or 
cock, as in this way the leaves are kept 
green for .a longer time, and are thus 
able to suck the moisture out of the 
stems .a)id throv.' it oil'. Tt seems to be 
settled, therefore, that there is such a 
thing .as spontaneous (•<iml)U'-tion, and that 
half cui'ed or damp clover a)id Alf.alf.a 
is the chief cause of the trouble. 
Notes from a Maryland Garden 
We picked the last of tlic X.anticoke 
blackberries Sej^tembcr 19, just a )nonth 
fi'oni th)' ))icki)ig of the first. This gradual 
ripening is a via-y good trait for the home 
gardei.i, especially as the fiaiit of this 
l:’.ackberry gets soft at once after ripen¬ 
ing. Tt makes large clustei-s, with one 
or two ripe beia-ies and a lot of red and 
gi’oeu ones to come on latei*. The great 
di’awback to it in the gai'den is its oiorm 
ously rank growth, and its terrible thorns. 
One cannot undertake to remove the old 
canes without long-handled shears. But 
its quality and late season make it very 
acceptable. The Atlantic dewberry fin¬ 
ished its ci’op the first of Sejitember. It 
is not so lai-ge nor .so good as the X'anti- 
coke, but is fiian enough to ship. Its 
finely cut leaA’es remiiid me of a variety I 
once. kncAV as the Parsley-leaved black- 
lierry. 
The favorable weather still continues 
.-Did it has beoi easy to get seed to. germ¬ 
inate, The first sowing of sjiinach will 
soon be ready to cut, aiid the second .sow¬ 
ing made the first week in September ha.s 
genninated well. Then the last week 
in the month I usually sow another lot 
of spinach seed to make plants for win'- 
tci-ing over for ?!))ring cutting. Pome sow 
spinach in the early Ppring, Init I have 
found that the late Fall-sown will last 
about as long in Sju-ing befoi'e running 
to .seed as the Ppring-sown. for any of 
it will bolt to seed when the weather 
gets .w.-u'm. 
I tried the Coiienhagen Market cab¬ 
bage as a late Summer and Fall "cabbage 
and have fo\ind it vei-y satisfacto)’y. The 
heads are very fine, and seem to be much 
lai’gei’ than when used as a Spring suc¬ 
cessor to Wakefield. When th's cab¬ 
bage was' fii'st introduced I sowed some 
in the Fall just as we do the Farly Wake¬ 
field, and while the Wakefield, sown at 
the same time, did well, I failed to get a 
single head on the Copenhagen. Fvery 
plant went to seed in the Spring. I 
have learned that this was the universal 
result wherever the plants were set in the 
Fall. Sown in a frame in .Tanuary they 
will make good plants for Spring setting 
and none Avill run to seed, and they 
will come in right after the Eariy Wake¬ 
field and about the same time as the 
Charleston Wakefield and make better 
heads. 
One of the peculiar effects of this wet 
sea.son has been the failure of the bush 
Lima Ihuuis. I have quite a large patch 
of them in vigoi’ous growth and all Sum¬ 
mer covered with bloom, and yet have 
not gotten beans enough for a family of 
three people, I suppose that the rain 
damages the bloom. Here and South the 
climbing variety of the small Lima, the 
butter bean of the South, is far more 
relialde than any of the larger Limas. It 
always beai- abundantly, and to ray taste 
is a far Ix'tter bean than the large Lima. 
The ITonderson Bush Lima, the first of 
the Bush Limas, originated in Virginia 
and is of the small Lim.a species. 
The St. Begis raspberry, which has 
been claimed to be the best of the Fall¬ 
bearing raspberries, is n<jw bearing its 
Fall crop, and from a row 100 feet long 
we cannot get a saucer of berries at a 
time, and the Spring crop is very little 
better. After three years’ test I shall 
grub it all out as a cumberer of the 
gi’ound. The fruit is all right if we could 
get enough of it. Cuthbort is still the 
best 1 ‘ed rasiiberry. 
The late crop of tom.atix’s. which 
seemed to be. a vei-y short one, have re¬ 
cently developed into a much larger yield 
than w.as expected from tlie earlier indica¬ 
tions. Cannei's have Tieen paying ^'2~> to 
.‘*.‘10 a ton, but tlie price has fallen to a 
more reasonable figui'e. In my notes on 
page 10.55 I am made to say “The Farliana 
is .so much superior in quality.’’ It .should 
have been Bonny Best instead of 
Kai-liana. w, F. MA.S.SKY. 
Alfalfa Dodder 
There have been !i number of questions 
this year about dodder, which has aji- 
lieared in Alfalfa and clover. This dod- 
di r is a ]iar!isite, or what i.s known as a 
])lant loafei'. It sends up slender yellow 
stems, which wind aimund the .stems of 
the Alfalfa and attach themselves to it. 
They i-eally strangle the Alfalfa to death 
—live upon it like a time parasite. Many 
people find these wretched plants growing 
in the clover or Alfalfa field in' jiatches. 
The clover jdants die out, so that the 
patches are readily seen at about this 
time. Tlie dodder frequently comes 
through the clover seed, many cheap 
sitecimens of seed containing it. Of 
course, the best way is to keep it out 
of the field by using clean seed, but that 
is not always possilile. When you do 
find it in the field, the best thing to do 
is to mow around the sjiot where it , is 
growing. Cut the crop over a space 
four or five feet wider than the dodder 
is no!iced. Let the cuttings lie on the 
ground until they are dry, and then bum 
it over. When tlie clover sod is jdowed 
and cultivated for a couple of years as 
it should be, the dodder will usually di.s- 
iippear. 
Saving Our Own Garden Seeds 
^fr.s. Chas. .Tohnson in Tiik B. X.-Y., 
page lO.'h), urges the selection of home¬ 
grown .seeds, arguing that by careful sel¬ 
ection the quality may be much im¬ 
proved. My experience does not tally 
with this view. I find that many vege¬ 
tables will cross-pollenize, and seed saved 
from what seems very promising speci- 
men.s will often show a sad and disap¬ 
pointing reversion to a very inferior 
tyjie, especially where many varieties 
are groAvu near each other. Sweet corn, 
snap-short beans, tomatoes, melons, 
sipiashes, etc., are among those most 
likely to suffer. I account for thi.s be- 
cau.se of the fact that high qualitj' tends 
to weaken prepotency, while it seems a 
certainty that the poorer the quality the 
greater seems this* ^ same prepotency. 
Hence the tendency to degeneracy. This 
is only uA’oided by complete isolation, 
where high grade seed is wanted, and 
liere is where the intelligent .seedsman has 
the advantage, for isolation in small areas 
is) rarel.y practicable. 
Many annual flowering plants are 
affectc'd in like manner. I have found 
it profitable to buy from Avell-known, re¬ 
liable seedsmen all seeds where highest 
grade is wanted. I usually groAV, on a 
restricted area, several kinds of tomatoes, 
say Farliana, Bonny Best, Poudero.sa, 
Stone, Globe, etc,, adding two or three 
of newer varieties on trial, and these all 
on a small space. To save seed from any 
of the.se would be to invite disappoint¬ 
ment, though it is po.ssiblo that most of 
the fruits would be fine. But warranted 
seeds from reliable seedsmen would be 
far more dependable. 
Ohio. BEXj. F. Ar.nAroji. 
B. N.-Y.—True—but what of the so- 
called. “cheap” seeds? TToav and where 
are they produced? 
Boston Produce Markets 
EARLY FiroSTS REDUCE ST.'PPLY OP TEXDEB 
VEtiETAHLES AXU PRICKS STIPFEX. 
Since the hard frost in Xcav England 
the second week of September, receipts of 
many lines have shortened up. Supplies 
of corn aud tomatoes had already reached 
their climax, hut the natural falling off 
was greatly hastened bj" the freeze. In 
other lines the supply seem-s none too 
large for the bri.sk demand, cabbages being 
a leading exception. The general trend 
of vegetable prices has been upward 
Lately, aud dealers seem to exjiect .a strong 
market the rest of the season. Such ex- 
jiressions as “Business is good.” “Stuff 
keeps well elenred up,." suggest present 
conditions. The minierous free public 
marki'ts in ami around Boston seem a 
little short in many lines and are i-eported 
urging their patrons to bring in more. 
But of cabbages they have been getting 
around .a thousand barrels a day recently 
and have had to urge the public -to buy 
them at 60 to 7.5c per hhl. Green tomatoes 
came in heavily and went down to 50 to 
6.5c per box, Avhile ripe tomatoes are 
rather soaree Avith .a Avide range of .‘fl.2o 
to box. The tomato crop Ava.s short¬ 
ened at both ends and the yield hidoAV 
fxpeetatioiis*. Beans Avere also A'ery late 
and badly damaged, likcAvi.se tender green 
squashes aud ]uini))klii.s. Peppers arc 
scarce and the best bring .‘*2 box. Corn 
ranges from 60e to .|1 b<*x; egg plant, 
!*1.50; hevts are .$1.50; carrots, .$1.50 
to .$1.75; shell and string beans .$2; and 
Tunias, .$2.2.5; average X’o. 1 tomatoes, 
.'(;2; iiatiA’C oiiion.s', .$1.75 ami Avhite pick¬ 
ling .$4. Summer squasli 25e; radishes, 
75e; lettuce, 50o to .‘?1 ; Xo. 1 cukes. .$4.50 ; 
X5). 2’s, .$1.50; good caulifioAver. .$1; 
jiarsley, 25c; romaiiie. 50c iier box. Celery 
is .$1.2.5 per doz. I'liere is a qiret, hut 
very firm market in field lueiiis, Avith pea 
quoted at $7.75 to .$,S ; yelloAV eye, .$S, aud 
red kidiK'y, $7 to ,$7.2.5. 
POTATO COXniTIOXS IMPROAED. 
Better condition of Maine receipts 
helps the potato trade. The Maine crop 
had been greatly reduced by blight. 
(Quality is iioav fairly sound and mature, 
and the price hi'ing a little loAver than 
best XoAV .lerseys, AA'liich are in light re¬ 
ceipt anyhoAV, the trade is paying more 
attention to Nfaiiies, selling around .$2..50 
jier 2-hii. hag. X’atiAes sell from .$1.25 
to .$1.50 p<‘r box, but stock must bo 
large and smooth to bring toji. Com¬ 
mented E, M. Ely: “IVe expect plenty 
of Maine potatoes, because crop damage is 
partlj’^ offset by the large acreage. We 
look for fair prices, but not like the ex¬ 
treme advance of last year. For most 
potato .sections a fair crop at fair prices 
seems to he the indication this year, 
Avhich AAmuld mean a fa'r degree of sat 
isfuetion for all parties.” Total reeeiiits 
of potatoes so far this year are far beloAV 
till' corresponding time last year, OAvirig 
liartly to scarcity of labor for haiwost- 
ing. 
APPLES IN ACTIA’U DEMAND. 
The scarcity of good eaidy .apples leads 
to all .sorts of stuff being simt in, some 
hardly better than c'der fruit, ungraded, 
small and rough. “We paid $1.56 a box 
for this stuff,” remarked ,a disgusted 
dealer, “and tliat is $1.40 more thnii it’s 
Avorth, Look at the rubbish at tlu^ bottom 
of this box. That’s Avhat hurts the mar¬ 
ket for Ea.stern apples. We can’t buy a 
carload nor oA'^eu a box and be sure we 
are getting the grade aa'C pay for; it may 
be better and it may he AA’orse. The 
AYestern growers are so far UAvay they 
luiA’c to get together and put the stuff up 
right and keep the rubbi.sh at home, and 
it pays them.” The range on box apples is 
all the way from $1 to $.2. Good No. I’s 
of leading Fall kinds bring around $2, 
and $4 to $5 by the barrel. Somebody 
sent in a small lot of BaldAviiis, and the 
hard almost green fruit sold for $2..50 per 
hbl., but not much of such fruit could 
he sold. I’eaehes from Houth and West 
sell on a basis of about $2.50 per bu., 
XatiA'CS are 50 to 75ej)er 12 or 14-qt. 
basket, including Connecticut peaches. 
I’liims are .‘10 to 2.5e per .small basket 
aud pears .scarce at $2 to $.2 for box 
Bartletts, and $1.7.5 to .$2 for Clapps. 
Grapes are 15 to ]7o per pony basket aud 
Avild grapes $2 per box, 
BUYERS AFTER AVTXTER APPLES. CRAN- 
RERRRIES FROZEN, 
A>ry active buying of AA'intor .apples 
began about the middle of the month, 
and more Avonld occur but for the wide 
difference in price ideas. The range of 
sales reported runs all the way from $2 to 
$4 per barrel, including some orchards not 
all in standard A arieties aud on the other 
hand .some are orchards of fancy grade. 
The nearest to prevailing price for good 
Baldwins and similar kinds sold Xo. I’s 
and 2’s together or orchard run, at the 
shipping po’ut, i.s $1 per box, not inelud- 
iug box, or .$3.25 to $3.50 per bhl. Home 
growers insist on $1.25 a box, but not 
many dealers are paying it as yet. Tlie.se 
box apples are mostly from a radius of 
within .50 miles aud are for heaping boxes, 
trucked in at buyer’s expense. Haid AY, 
AY. Benjamin: “Fall apples are scarce, 
but in going among the orchards Ave find 
the AATuter fruit shoAving better than ex- 
peetial, and Ave consider it a faT* crop. 
Cranberries Avere hard hit by the frost 
in the Cape District and everyAvhere else. 
Even those Avho had plenty of Avater, 
including many of the large gi'OAvers, Avere 
caught AA'ith the bogs uncovered. Pos¬ 
sibly more than half the crop Avas hurt.” 
(’rauberries are selling at .$2.50 to $3 a 
crate in Boston. < 
BUTTER IN STRONG POSITION. 
The price of butter is still teiidiug up- 
AA'ard, under pi'ossure of moderate receipts 
and good demand for all grades. Nobody 
seems at all confident that the top has 
(Cuiuiiiued on page 1108.) 
have given satisfaction for 33 years. This 
full they are better than ever—every tree 
covered by an absolute guarantee. All the 
Nuq Ornamental Trees, Vines, and Shrubs 
grown in ourtOO-acre Nurseries,the largest 
in New York, are sold direct at cost plus 
one profit. Send for free, wholesale 
catalogue today. Maloney Quality 
plus Maloney Sei-vice means money in 
your pocket. Fall Planting Fays. 
MALONEY BROS. A WELLS CO. 
_ 74 Main St., Cansvllle, N. Y. 
. . VansvilU's Pionrer tMtolmale NvrecrUt 
Our Fall Catalog 
With new and attractive prices is now 
ready. Send a postal today for free copy. 
By planting this Fall yon will save a 
whole year. Our 8to<’k is first-class In 
every way and onr binding guarantee 
protects you. Wrltn now. 
KELLY BROS. WHOLESALE NURSERIES 
42 Exchange St., Dnnsvllle, N. Y. 
You’ll itfvor regret planting Kelly Treex 
Millions of Fruit Trees 
Everyone prenuine Harr,ison-grown, 
robust, healthy, true-to*name and 
budded from bearing orchards^ 
Backed by more than 
25 years* f ruft-grrowingr and 
tinrpery •rperlenco, Apples, peaches, 
pears, plums, cherries and small fruits* 
Alao full line ctf ornamentals, Writeto- 
day for 1917 Fruit Guide—/r««, “Larpest 
powers of fruit trees in the world, 
Harriwat’ Noneriet, Box 14 Berlin, Md. 
IVUT GROWERS 
» ^ or those interested in Nut Culture are 
invited to visit our farm and inspect our 
original Hardy English Walnut trees, now over 50 
ft. high and bearing fruit each y«ar. Our English 
Walnut trees are attracting Horticulturistsfrom all 
parts of the country. If you cannot visit us person¬ 
ally write for photographs and authentic informa¬ 
tion about the profits in Nut Culture. Write, today. 
ALBERT C. POMEROY, English Walnut Farms, LOCKPORT, N.Y. 
Half Million 
For Fall planting. Direct from Certified Grower of 27 
years’ experience, at Half Agents Brice. CUAKAMmiD 
Fresh Dug, True to Name and to reach you in good grov- 
ing condition. Send for Free li'holesale Fall Li»f. 
THE WM. J. REILLY NURSERIES, 162 Ossian St.. Dansville, N. Y. 
(Originators of "Half Aironta Price.") 
SELECTED SEED WHEAT 
St. Louis Grand Prize and Jones’ Hod Wave, care¬ 
fully recleaued and graded. St. Louis Grand Prize, 
most Uessian Fly-Resistant variety grown. Both 
are beardless varieties of hard, red, winter type and 
extra heavy yielders. Shipped In bags of two and 
one-half bnsnels at 13.00 per bushel, f. o. b., Khine- 
beck, N. T. (including sacks), while it lasts. 
FEBNCLIFF FARMS, BHINBRRCK, N. Y. 
PEACH TREES 
AND APPLE TREES. Healthy, True to name, price 
low, quality high. Also Millions of trees, shrubs 
and plants. New Planters price list remly. 
THE WESTMINSTER NURSERY, Stx 129, WESTMINSTER, MD. 
For Sale-Fine No.One Seed of Winter Wheat 
AA’erace yield was 30 bushels to the four acres. Ap¬ 
ply to Miss M. T. ANDREWS, Elm Ridgs Fsrm, Putney, Vt. 
STRAyifBERRY PLANTS 
FOR SEPTEMBER AND PALL PLANTING 
I’ot-grown and runner plants that vvlU boarffruit next 
summer. June-bearing and Ever-bearing varieties. Also 
Raspberry.Blschbarry Plania •ndFrtillTrees. Catalogue 
free. HAKRV L. /sQUl-REH, Good Ground, N.Y, 
Russian Pitkus Seed Rye 
Big yielder, grain and straw. Sow until freezint; 
weather. I3.30perbu. ClOVEROALEFARM,Charlotte,N.u 
A--J|lf|.--A Bed Wove, Kudy, Poole, Hedl- 
uBcQ nllGal Blue stem, Mam¬ 
moth White Itye. Catalog free. 
W. N. SOABFF A SONS, - New Carllale, Ohio 
Best standard APPLE BARRELS 
Car lots or less 
Prompt shipment. 
BOBT. OlJLUlISS . Medina, New York 
WHEAT 
RYE 
I will pay 10c. per bushel above 
the market price for 40 bushels 
of Rye and 40 bushels of Wheat 
within 100 miles of my farm. 
Mail Amall samples of each to 
1.. H. Nelson, Baskiio Ririne. N- J- 
Elite Burning Oil 
In Iron Barrels 
A perfect burning oil made from 
Pure Pennsylvania Crude. : : 
30 Year* on the Market 
Write tor Particulars and Prices 
DERRICK ON. CO.. - TRusviMe. Penn 
Pure Unleached Haidwood Ashes 
THE BEST POTASH FERTIUZER 
They solve the fertilizer Problem. Correspondenoe 
invited. Address JOHN JOYNT.L. B. 297, Lucknow, (Marin 
BOOKS oni ali subjects of farming by leading 
authorities are for sale by The Rural New- 
Yorker, 333 West Thirtieth Street, New York 
