Jahe RURAL NEW-YORKER 
1395 
General Farm Topics 
The Phosphate Question 
The li. X.-Y. has constantly advised 
its readers that if they want quick results 
with chemicals they must use available 
plant food. Most of us fertilize for the 
immediate crop, at the same time aiming 
to improve the soil permanently. IMost of 
our soils, long in cultivation, are in need 
of available phosphorus, and the prob¬ 
lem is to decide whether to rise the ex¬ 
pensive acid phosphate or the ground 
phosphate I’oek. Of course, we realize 
that the difference between the two is 
made by using sulphuric acid, which 
“cuts” or dissolves the rock. Shall we 
pay the manufacturers for doing this 
costly work for us, or shall we use the 
ground rock and let nature slowdy feed 
it out to our crops? The latest informa¬ 
tion about this comes from the Ohio Ex¬ 
periment Station, printed under the fol¬ 
lowing heading: 
Raw Phosphate Rock Produces Lower 
Crop Yields in Ohio Tests 
For 13 years a three-years’ rotation of 
corn, oats and clover has been put through 
with equal applications of acid phosphate 
and raw rock. In the test the acid phos¬ 
phate produced nearly eight bushels more 
oats per acre. 
An application of 320 pounds of acid 
phosphate per acre to corn in 1910 I’e- 
sulted in a yield of 74bushels, a gain 
of 18.9 bushels of oats this season due to 
the fertilizer, while an equal quantity of 
raw rock produced an increase of 11 
bushels. When acid phosphate, muriate 
of potash and lime were added, the yield 
of oats was increa-swl 20 •bushels per 
acre, and when raw phosphate rock was 
used, with the .same quantities of muriate 
of i)ota.sh and lime, instead of acid phos¬ 
phate, the increase was only 17 bushels. 
The clover crop was increased by acid 
phosphate alone 402 pounds per acre, 
while the plot treated with raw phosphate 
rock yielded six pounds less than unfer¬ 
tilized land. An increase of 2.223 pounds 
of hay per acre resulted from fertilization 
with acid phosphate, muriate of potash 
and lime. This is 309 pounds more than 
was harvested where raw phosphate rock 
was substituted for acid phosphate. 
space and put the plants closer together. 
At times, when labor is scarce, it may 
pay to manure a few acres heavily and 
raise the lai’gest possible crop per acre— 
leaving the rest of the farm in grass. 
There are a good many Eastern farms 
where this plan would pay best. For gen¬ 
eral farming, however, and where most of 
the land is under cultivation, this Ohio 
advice is sound. 
[ Hoisting Hay 
I use a rope doubled on my hay wagon j 
to bundle the scatterings, so that my sin¬ 
gle harpoon fork will clean up the last 
forkful. For the last forkful, catch the 
two loose ends of the rope through the 
bight, then either take a slip-hitch back 
on itself for each end,'or wind each end 
round and round, so that a pull will 
loosen it, as shown in picture. It is easy 
to pull this rope off the bundle of hay 
after it is” in the mow. The pictures 
show how it is done, joiix nucitAXAN. 
Nova Scotia. 
Cabbage and Carrots for Hogs 
I am on a truck farm and have a few 
young hogs. How would cabbage and car¬ 
rots be for feed? I have a quantity of 
these crops. I thought I might store 
some away for Winter feed. E. k. 
We feed cabbage freely to the pigs, and 
shall continue to do so as long as cab¬ 
bage lasts. The pigs are very fond of it 
and eat it well. Of course, pigs cannot 
fatten on cabbage or roots alone. The 
feeding value is not heavy. It gives bulk, 
however, and a good change from the 
grain. Do not expect the pigs to make 
their full living on carrots and cabbage. 
Our plan is to keep grain before the pigs 
in a self-feeder where they can help them¬ 
selves. Then let them eat all the cabbage 
and roots they will. They can balance 
their own ration as well as any other 
animal, and when fed in this way, with 
plenty of charcoal and wood ashes before 
them, they will get good value out of the 
cabbage. We find carrots a better feed 
than any other root we can grow. It 
will certainly pay to store these crops for 
M’Hnter feeding. 
Manure the Poor Ground 
Greatest profits may be expected from 
a ton of manure when it is used on the 
poorest soil on the farm. The richer the 
land the less will be the increase in crop 
yields from the same application of ma¬ 
nure if other conditions are the same. 
That is taken from a leaflet sent by the 
Ohio Experiment Station. There is no 
question that manure will show greater 
gain, with average farm crops, when put 
on the poorer land. The Ohio Station 
shows this fact in the following: 
Eight tons of barn.vard manure with 
320 pounds of raw phosphate rock p r 
acre has produced an increase in corn 
yield of 30.98 bushels on the poorer soil. 
On the rich land the same ai)plication 
with 1,000 pounds of raw phosphate rock 
has increased the corn crop only 17.89 
bushels per acre, even though three times 
as much of the phosphorus carrier was 
added. The total yield on the manured 
land has been nearly the same in both 
cases. 
Of course, if we are growing onions, 
cabbage, or other garden crops, it will 
pay to crowd the manure onto a smaller 
A Farmer’s Farm Notes 
Shout Help. —Farm work' this Fall is 
much delayed, partly because of some bad 
weather at times, but mostly becau.se of 
lack of labor to do the work. There is a 
general feeling that labor shortage will b<‘ 
more acute next year than it has been 
this. Some cows have been sold off on 
account of the difficulty to get help, but it 
would .seem as though it is cropping that 
will suffer most another season from the 
lack of help that seems inevitable. Only 
a small percentage of the usual Pall plow¬ 
ing has yet been accomplished, and it is 
creeping on well towards December at this 
writing. On some farms no plowing 
hi\s been attempted thus far. The man 
with boys or hire<l men to help him has 
on a smile, for there is good reason for 
thinking he will make a little money. To 
most of us the situation looks a bit 
gloomy. 
A QxrESTiox OB’ Patriotism. —It is 
doubtful if farmers will be a party to the 
enthusiasm of the speculator and the 
shouters to the extent they were last sea¬ 
son. In man.v, and I think most commu¬ 
nities, self-ai)pointed committees come 
into existence, who recommend more 
planting and cropi)ing. The.v furnished 
seed and charged a high price for it. In 
some cases it seems that the desire to 
assist may have been real, but in many 
instances the seed was furnished at a 
wide margin of profit to the committee. 
In one case potatoes were furnished at 
.$3 a bushel, but those farmers who had 
potatoes to sell could only get from the 
committee .$2 to .?2.r)0 a bushel. To be 
sure, that was a good price, but why 
should a “patriotic committee,” acting 
solely in the interests of the country ('!) 
get such a generous commission in the 
name of patriotism? 
The Quiet Workers. —Farmers in 
general are not shouting patriotism to 
any remarkable extent, and they are-sonie- 
times censured for their quiet demeanor. 
They are not shouting, but just doing. 
It is the fellows who do little that do the 
shouting commonly. The loudest talkers 
for patriotic effort along all industrial 
lines are the ones who do little or no real 
work. They may, in some cases, give 
something to the various organizatioms, 
usually in a spectacular way, but it is 
only in cases where they have been able 
to exti-act the money by a method called 
business, but which entails little real 
work. I do not call work the process of 
laying schemes to extract dollars from 
workers. To go back to the start of this 
note, I am looking for farmers to keep 
some of these things in mind next season, 
and with the promise of a labor shortage 
not to try to undertake more than it is 
possible to carry through the season. 
U. II. I.YOX. 
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illllllll 
Close Skimming—Long Service 
Y OU find both the farmer and the housewife, 
after many seasons of experience with the 
Lily or Primrose, ready to sing the praises of these 
good cream separators of which we are proud. If you hava 
to be shown, write us for all kinds of proof. Also ask any 
farnier or housewife who has used these machines. 
The reasons for this popularity — boiled (lown — are that 
Lily and Primrose separators separate all your cream from 
your skim milk, and do it for years, always keeping up to 
the same level of close skimming, run with surprising smooth¬ 
ness and ease, and are very easy to keep in clean, sanitary 
condition. Across the double center of our Lily catalogue 
and our Primrose catalogue is a large, clear picture showing 
the_ working interior of these separators, explaining and indi¬ 
cating by arrows why I'ley save you so much cream money. 
These (Catalogues are complete, fully illustrated, and very 
interesting and instructive, if we do say so ourselves. 
_ Choosing the right separator in these days of high prices 
is so important a matter that the careful farmer and dairy¬ 
man will sidestep risk by putting his trust in a good, reliable, 
tried-out and proved Harvester product—a Lily or a Primrose. 
Do you know the dealer? If you are not sure, write us. 
International Harvester Company of America 
(Incorporated) 
CHICAGO USA 
Cbtunpioa 
Deeriag; 
McCormick 
Milwaukee 
Osborne 
When you write advertisers mention The R. N.-Y. and you’ll get a 
quick reply and a “square deal.” See guarantee editorial page. 
