1464 
■She RURAL NEW-YORKER 
December 29, 1917 
You’ll Never Regret Planting 
the trees that Kelly Bros. sell. Hardy, Northern-grown stock—they thrive 
and bear bountifully. No need to worry about disease. TheKeliy guarantee 
covers that. And when you piant a Kelly Northern Spy you needn’t fear 
that the tree will bear Pippins. 
True-to-name is more than a mere phrase with Kelly. 
V II hircct-to-you low prices, choice varieties and a rock-bound guarantee are big features of 
Kelly Service. 
———1 Write for tot ft Free Catalog 
KELLY BROS. Wholesale Nurseries 
pesfw/A go Main Street - Dansville, N. Y. 
same direction we shall plow the following 
Spring. In fields of. say, 12 to 15 acres, 
perhaps there may he three or four acres 
not snitahle for potatoes. There we plant 
sugar corn and sow clover and Timothy 
before the last working and cultivate in. 
We have almost a sure catch of grass. 
Where the iiotatoes are dug seed to wheat 
and sow grass .seed with wheat; this 
brings all the field in together. After the 
wheat is harvc.sted. of course the sugar 
corn fodder must be cut and removed. 
This we do at our convenience any time 
before Winter, and use it as a rule to 
mulch our older apple orchards. In these 
tinii's of scarcity of labor, one must con¬ 
sider in this section of southeast Pennsyl¬ 
vania. the garden spot of the United 
States, we are tied up with work. The 
labor problem is the A.orst ever known ; 
farmers are paying for corn husking. ,36 
hills in shock, from S to 12c per shock, 
.and then cannot secui*h the help needed. 
What the consumer will do next year 
when farmers will be compelled to cut the 
acreage in all cultivated crops. I do not 
wish to think of. The fai'iner has learned 
his lesson. Ali the burden has been put 
up to him. In the milk business, and in 
fact, ail lines, the dealer and handler of 
farm produce must have his insual profits. 
I see by The K. X.-Y. Ilordens have cut 
off 2,000 farmers from a market. What is 
this for? Why. to scare the other 6.000! 
.lOSEPII C.\BREEE. JB. 
Montgomery Co., Pa. 
Birds Destroying Fruit 
In regard to the que.stion asked several 
weeks ago about birds damaging fruit, 
will say that we operate a large orchard 
but have no trouble except from black- 
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imm 
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Answer the farmers’ big questions. 
How can I grow crops with less 
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IRON AGEl P otato Plantet" 
Bolv^ the labor problem and makes 
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Means $5 to S50 extra profit per acre. 
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BatemanM’f’gCo., Box 2B,. GrenIocli,N.J. 
A Pot-grown Blueberry Plant. Fig. 697 
for this new ola.ss of labor 
llepworth says that much of the suc¬ 
cess of this movement will depend upon 
the chaperon or manager; that is. the 
woman who .superintends these worker.s. 
Each unit must have its own cook and 
helpers if they work in groups of con.sid- 
erahle size. In cases where the work of 
the farm is done by the farm family, or 
one or two hired men, small groups 
might work in other family occupations, 
but they would have to be of the most 
respectable type. 
As for the question of pay for the \vork, 
Mr. llepworth said that before the girls 
came it was arranged that they should be 
paid by the (piart or pound for picking 
the sniiill fruit, and by tlie day for pick¬ 
ing jiear.s. peaches and apple.s. On the 
whole, we gjithei’ fi'om Mr. Ilepworth's 
statement that these girls were vei-.v use¬ 
ful, and that the farmers up the Hudson 
will want them again in increased num- 
hei-s for another season. At first the 
empio.vment of such helpers may be re¬ 
garded as a joke, but we believe the girls 
will jii’ove their worth. In former years 
young men iind boys from the city have 
been tried on the Hudson Valley fruit 
farms, and as a fair comparison the girls 
.seem to have gi\'^n better satrsfaction. 
ICE PLOWS 
Cuts two rows. Equals 20 
men with saws. Write to¬ 
day for catalog and prices. 
WM. H. PRAY. LaGrangeville, N. Y. 
Golden Orange Flint Seed Corn sfm: 
pie free. $3.50 per bushel; $30 lor lo bushels. 
Sacks free. Harry Vail, New Milford, Orange Co.. N.Y. 
Phosphate and Manure 
I have noticed sevei-al references to acid 
phosphate in connection with manure. I 
liave five tons that I ordered for use with 
wheat this Fall, but came a month too 
late. I have heard that it is good to mix 
it with mamiro as the manure was drop- 
jied. Our manure is mostly hen and horse 
manure. 1 aim to put in considerable 
Spring wheat. Would this phosphate he a 
eomjilete fertilizer for this on rather poor 
land? F. H. 
Peekskill. X. Y. 
.Many farmers, esiiecially in the West, 
are now following the jdan of using about 
40 lbs. of aeid iihosphate with each ton of 
maiHire. It is a very good plan. Manure 
is naturally deficient in idiosphorus. The 
acid phosphate suiiplies this, and it also 
acts to improve the manure by holding the 
ammonia. Many experiments in the West 
have clearly shown the profit in thus re¬ 
inforcing manure. In most case's the acid 
iihosphate is sca'ttered over the manure pile 
Jis it is made u]). There is one objection 
lo the use of acid phosphate on the ma- 
I'.ui'e in the sliihlc. "When evenly scat¬ 
tered there would not he much trouble, 
lint in soiiH’ cases the jihosphate is used 
carelessly, and not thoroughly spread. In 
mich cases it might cause an injury to the 
feet of the cattle. There has been some 
i-omplaint from this cause when the phos- 
jihate is thrown into the gutter or under 
(he hack feet. The phosphate in such a 
situation would help to preserve the ma¬ 
nure, and this would be an easy way of 
applying it. It should bo used with great 
care, however, or there will be trouble as 
here mentioned. As stated, the usual way 
is to scatter it over the manure pile from 
flay to day, or week to week, and of course 
manure handled in this way should be 
kept under cover. In some cases where 
the manure is hauled out every day, we 
know that the phosphate is thrown into 
the spreader with the manure, and thrown 
out with it over the field. The phosphate 
and manure would answer for the poor 
land, but if there is no manure nitrogen 
in some form should be added to the 
jihosphate. 
Blueberries 
'Fhe illustration, Fig. 697, shows a blue¬ 
berry idant which has been growing in a 
pot for two seasons. While the treatment 
this plant has received is not in all ways 
to be recommended for blueberries, it 
shows that the main requirement for such 
plants is the jiroper .soil. In January, 
1916, while transplanting some blueber¬ 
ries, a piece of root and stem about 10 
inches long was broken off. It was 
thought too small to put in a separate 
hill, and was about to be thrown away, 
hut was finally brought to the house and 
jnit in a pot of soil used for potting some 
native orchids. With some other experi¬ 
mental plants it was put in a window of 
the cellar and watered “once in a while” 
until Spring. As the pot was not needed 
at once it was left when the other plants 
were taken out of the cellar and was prob¬ 
ably watered then. Some time later it 
was decided to empty the pot. Then it 
was found that this cutting had started to 
grow. It was put back in the pot and 
left until the sprouts had made a good 
and this should be exposed as little as 
liossible iu cold weather. A iioney board, 
or queen excluder, is usually placed be¬ 
tween the hive and super for some hours 
before the latter is removed, to insure that 
the queen will be in the hive where she 
belongs. Bees in the super may be shaken 
off before the hive entrance, when they 
will enter. Avoid opening hives or hand¬ 
ling the bees after the weather becomes 
too cold for the bees to fly. m. b. p. 
Vitality of Mustard'Seed 
Is it true that when mustard seed is fed 
to the hor.ses with the whole oats it re¬ 
appears in the manure, and in this way is 
returned to the land? Would vou recom¬ 
mend sowing oats on land where this weed 
abounds? As a result of a rank growth 
of the mustard in it our oat crop this year 
was a failure. j. V. 
XVw Y’ork. 
The best authorities we can find say 
there would be no danger of seeding to 
mustard on gi'ound where manure was 
used from horses which had been fed oats 
containing the mustard seed. There seems 
to he little doubt that the action in the 
manure pile would destroy the vitality of 
this seed. In many cases the growth of 
mfistard in oats has been destroyed by 
siiraying with a solution of sulphate of 
iron when the plants wei-e small. This 
solution kills out the mustard plant, but 
does not injure the oats. 
Corn Fodder for Fertilizer 
Regarding the query on “Fertilizing 
Value of Cornstalks.” I. G. W.. Connecti¬ 
cut, page, 1289. I believe with you that at 
the present prices of labor, etc., you would 
better leave them on the soil. Our prac¬ 
tice for years in the growing of sugar 
corn for market is, after the ears are 
pulled to put the roller on and roll in 
birds (Purple grackle). These birds in 
August begin congregating in very large 
flocks, sometimes probably as many as 
50.(X)0 iu a flock. Sometimes a flock of 
these birds will light in a cornfield when 
the corn is still soft, and in a few min¬ 
utes damage a large amount by picking at 
the end of -the ear, causing it to blacken 
and to rot. About October, or when ap¬ 
ples begin to get ripe, a large flock will 
often come in the orchard, and iu a few 
minutes peek holes into thousands of ap¬ 
ples, making them unfit for use. Our 
remedy is to shoot into them, but this 
merely drives them into someone’s else 
orchai-d. Something should be done to 
control this bird, but it should be done 
m a proper manner, as we should not 
be too quick to begin slaughtering the 
birds, and begin to squeal before we are 
hurt. The birds are friends of mine, and 
for my part I am willing to contribute 
toward their support. 
A irginia, . u. r. heydexreich. 
Potatoes, ,$1.50 per bu.; apples, .$2’ 
oats. 75c; wheat, $2.15. There is an in¬ 
creasing interest in cattle and dairy pro¬ 
ducts. The demand for butter is great. 
Xo creamery here yet; butter, 50c; eggs, 
oOc, I resh cows, $75. AVe put up a silo 
this year and there are many in prospect. 
They help the farmer out wonderfully. 
Lime, clover and silage are very essential 
to the suoce.ss of dairying in this county. 
Venango (’o.. Pa. -w. c. 
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Its construction, 
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The above book will be sent postpaid for Two 
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THE RURAL NEW-YORKER, 333 W. 30th St., N. Y. 
growth, when it was taken out and the 
pot plunged in a tub with the space be¬ 
tween packed with moss. It has remained 
there ever since and may be expected to 
blossom next Spring. 
The soil for potting blueberries is pre¬ 
pared by taking five to 10 narts by bulk 
of sifted leaves and stems from under 
heinloek trees, mixing with one part 
clean sand and adding a small amount 
of sliaved-np hemlock hark. This is not 
quite like the formula given by Coville, 
hilt we cannot get to his oak and laurel 
Ihiekets. 3’he material from under the 
hemlock trees is the mass of partly rotted 
leaves, twigs and cones rubbed through 
a coarse sieve to take out the eoarsor 
pnrts. ALFRED C. WEED. 
Wayne Co., X. Y. 
Removing Honey in Early Winter 
Is it too late to take honey from bees 
in December? I have a strong colony of 
bees with_ a super hive, which was not 
taken off in the Fail. As there is a fair 
amount of honey in it I would like to 
take it if it can be done without harming 
the bees. v. a. .t. 
Trenton, X. .1. 
A super may be taken off from a hive 
at any time, if the bees have enough honey 
stored in the hive below for their Winter 
needs. This they are likel.v to have if 
they have stored a snriilus in the super. 
All the bees, with thiur queen, should be 
retained in the brood chamber of the hive. 
“Hay Caps” 
Cotton has increased 100 per cent. We h.ave 700 
on lianii.45 inclie.s squnre, left over at last year 
prices and will iiold them till Marcli 1st. 1918. 
EVERYTHING IN CANVASS 
RYAN TENT CO., Syracuse, N. Y. 
