1480 
December 29, 1917 
WAIT! 
WRITE! 
B e f o r e 
You Buy 
a Hatcher 
For 
Blue Hen 
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Cncle Sam lias 
sent out a call for 
farmers to raise 
400,000.000 more 
liens this year 
than last I Make 
1018 profits from 
liens pay for that 
new automobile, 
new lighting sys¬ 
tem. running water 
and otlier improve¬ 
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days are Poultry 
da.vs in all res¬ 
taurants and 
homes everwwhere! 
Eggs will be high! 
Poultry will be 
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eggs in a cheaply built Incubator! I’ay a fair price 
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The Blue Hen hatches big percentages month after 
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BLUE HEN 
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300 Chestnut St, _ Phlla, i»a. 
Collins’ Poultry 
EXERCISER AND FEEDER 
No inorewastingof high-priced grain; no laz^, over¬ 
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Dealers: Order samples today. 
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Raise More Poultry” 
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IF you want books on farming of 
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THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
333 West Thirtieth Street, New York 
■Ghe RURAL NEW-YORKER 
THE HENYARD 
DivisTon of Poultry Profits 
A lias 40 April-hatch('cl Brown I.pghorn 
pnll(’ts and lo two-j'ear-old hens. P> takes 
same November 1st and is to keep them 
until April 1. What would be a fair 
divi.sion of the eggs? T. B. 
Michigan. 
I can see nothing but strong probabili¬ 
ties of dissatisfaction and trouble over 
any agreement made upon such terms. 
Sujtpose that the flock does not lay enough 
eggs through the Winter to pay for their 
feed; who stands the loss? A more busi¬ 
ness-like ju’oposition would be to agree 
uium the value of the investment each 
makes and tlien divide the profits, if there 
are any, accordingly. 8upi)ose that you 
figure the juillets and the hens as being 
worth a dollar and a half dollar each, re¬ 
spectively. A then invests $47.00. V> 
niiglit consider his time, labor, expense 
of housing, table .scraps and home-grown 
gri'enstnff worth an etiual amount. All 
that would then remain would lie to divide 
the cost of purchased feed and the eggs 
produced equally between A and li. If 
these valuations do not seem fair to you, 
agree upon a fair valuation of these items 
and make your agreement accordingly; 
then make a written memorandum of the 
terms of agreement and each keep a copy. 
M. B. D. 
Laying Ration 
I have 100 AVhite Leghorn pullets and 
would like a good laying ration to feed 
them. Would you give me the graiu and 
mash rations used at Vineland and Con¬ 
necticut contests? K. G. D. 
New York. 
The rations used in the fifth contest of 
the ('onnecticut Experiment Station were 
equal parts of cracked corn and wheat for 
scratch grain, and equal parts of corn- 
meal, ground oats, wheat bran, flour mid¬ 
dlings and meat, the latter being made up 
of equal parts of meat and fish scrap, for 
the mash. All proportions by Aveight. I 
do not know what was usc'd at the Vine- 
land contest. A standard war poultry ra¬ 
tion has been adopted by the Connecticut, 
Massachusetts, New .Tersey and New 
York agricultural stations. For scratch 
graiu they recommend 400 to 000 lbs. 
corn, 100 lbs. feed wheat, 100 to 300 lbs. 
barley, 200 to 300 lbs. oats. For mash : 
100 lbs. wheat bran, 100 lbs. w-hoat mid¬ 
dlings, 100 lbs. corn meal or hominy, 100 
lbs. gluten feed. 100 lbs. ground heavy 
oats, 100 lbs. meat scrap. Skim-milk or 
buttermilk may be us(h1 as substitutes for 
meat, in whole or in part. 
Method of feeding: Feed scantily of 
scratch grain in the moimiiig and give all 
that the birds will clean up in the after¬ 
noon. Feed mash dry in hoppers open 
all day. Green food, oyster shell, grit and 
water as usual. M. B. D. 
How We Raise Our Own Cockerels 
The way we mate pens to raise our 
own cockerels is tliis: We take the pick 
of our trap-uested hens that have records 
over 200 eggs and divide them into two 
pens, then take two cockerels from two of 
our very best hens to mate with them, 
looking out that there is no heu near re¬ 
lated to the cockerels in the pen. By 
keeping a pedigree of all the birds raised 
this way we know how near related they 
are to other birds; also we know just 
what the record of the dam of each cock¬ 
erel is, and the record of the dam of the 
sire of each one. The hens in these two 
pens are trap-nested during the pullet 
year; after that we trap-nest at least dur¬ 
ing the breeding season, and the leg-band 
number of hen is marked on her egg when 
she is let out of trap-nest. 
These eggs are all hatched separately, 
most of them by putting each hen’s eggs 
under a hen, or by placing them with 
other eggs in an incubator the same as 
usual until the eighteenth day; then we 
have bags made of netting or cheesecloth 
of various sizes to accommodate different 
numbers of eggs, as we do not keep eggs 
over four or five days before setting and 
after testing there may he only two or 
three eggs of one hen left. On the 
eighteenth day we separate eggs, put them 
into a bag and tie securely. When chicks 
are dry we take from under hen or from 
the bag, and toe-punch each lot differently, 
keeping a booked record of the hens and 
how her chicks are toe-marked. 
Of course we have lots of other pens 
beside the two mentioned that are trap- 
nested, but we always breed from cocker¬ 
els of cock birds from these two pens. By 
being careful how one mates birds cock¬ 
erels can he used in nil pens that are 
practically no relation to birds in the pen. 
Last year we had cockerels at the head 
of these two breeding pens whose dams 
had records of 248 and 25G eggs in their 
pullet year and the hens in these pens had 
records of 205 to 207 eggs, many of the 
i-ecords made at egg-laying contests. This 
year we liave three more high-record hens 
from our 1J)10-1917 contest pens; records 
of tliese thri’e hens are 221, 229 and 241 
eggs. We think now that we will mate one 
pen with a son of Tilly, who made an 
official record of 254 eggs in lOYo months 
at Storrs. 
By this method all of our pens are 
heatied by cocks or cockerels of known 
breeding, hatched from hens with records 
over the 200-egg mark. I’.os'de tlie egg 
record heliiud the birds at tlie head of our 
liens, every one is pure white, good comb, 
standard shape, etc.; in fact, what the 
Hope Farm man calls “dumpliugs.” This 
method of breeding is giving good results, 
as our pen now at Rtorrs was placed first 
on show points and our hens have never 
failed to make a good average record. 
New YMrk. Miis. R. w. stevens. 
Live Stock Feeding Problems 
Ration for Heifer Calves 
Will you tell me how to balance the 
ration for my heifer calves? They are 
about seven months old. 1 have oats and 
buckwheat that I can grind, and would 
like to mi.x in as much oilmeal as will be 
economical. Their roughage will be Tim¬ 
othy hay. H. E. w. 
New York. 
Fsing the feeds you mention, the grain 
ration for your calve.s would better be 
made up of (*qual parts ground oats, 
ground buckwheat and oilmeal. H. F. J. 
Improving Protein Content 
What grain would I better buy to make 
a balanced ration for cows, to make but¬ 
ter? The only grain I have is oats. My 
roughage is mixed hay. fed twice a day, 
I have com fodder enough to feed once a 
day. C. L. M. 
New York. 
Since your roughage is low in protein, 
and oats rather low also, it is necessary 
to buy high protein feeds, such as cotton¬ 
seed meal and oilmeal. Cottonseed meal 
has the property of making butter very 
hard, but linseed oilmeal exerts the op¬ 
posite effect. I should make the grain 
ration three parts ground oats, two parts 
cottonseed meal and one part oilmeal. 
II. F. J. 
Dairy Ration Without Silage 
I would like to make up a ration for 
mv cows of the following feeds: Bran, 
middlings and oilmeal. Will you tell me 
in what proportion to mix them? I have 
only mixed hay for roughage, very little 
clover with it. The throe feeds men¬ 
tioned I am able to get most of the time. 
I (lo not want to feed cottonseed, gluten 
feed or cornmeal if it can be avoided, for 
I do not think they will go well with hay. 
I am feeding now 200 lbs. bran. 100 lbs. 
middlings, 100 lbs. oilmeal. My cows 
are fair grade Ilolsteins. They are in 
good condition before freshening and I 
would like a good milk-making ration. 
Do you not have to have more protein in 
a ration where only hay is fed? We 
have no silo. g. b. a. 
New York. 
Keep cows filleil up on ha.v. They will 
probably eat more if given three or four 
reasonable-sized feeds that they will clean 
up well than if given the same amount 
only twice a day. Where no silage or 
roots are fed, water should be given at 
least twice a day. The kind of hay one 
has determines the amount of protein in 
the graiu ration. Hay with little clover 
in it is rather low in protein, and this 
must be supplied in the grain ration. You 
need have no fear of cottonseed meal if 
used in the following mixture: Four 
parts bran, one part middlings, two parts 
cottonseed and one part oilmeal. The 
cottonseed meal furnishes the cheapest 
form of protein. If you do uot use it. 
your present ration, two parts bran, one 
part middlings, and one part oilmeal is 
tilt; best you can do. Personally, I should 
prefer the ration with cottonseed, since 
the other one will lack a little protein. 
Grain should be fed at rate of a pound to 
3% to four pounds of milk produced 
daily. ii. F. j. 
Hay Ration for Cow 
M’ill you advise me how many pounds 
of mixed hay daily is required to feed 
a cow about 1,000 lbs. in weight, when 
she has all the corn silage she will clean 
up daily? 2. Also, give me a rule to 
measure hay in the mow. M. M. w, 
Pennsylvania. 
1. A 1,000-lb. cow getting all the silage 
.she can clean np will consume about 10 
lbs. of hay a day. 
2. According to Professor Woll. a ton 
of Timothy hay in the mow occupies 420 
cu. ft., and a ton of clover hay 500 cu. ft. 
H. F. J. 
Corn and Cob Meal for Cows 
Will you advise me of an economical 
ration for 1.000-lb. Holstein cows giving 
about 25 lbs. of milk per day? The fol¬ 
lowing feeds are available: Corn and 
cob meal; this feed I liave, and would 
like to use as much as can be worked into 
the ration. Cotton.seed meal, .$3 per 100; 
wheat middlings, $2..55; wheat bran, 
,$2.20; beet pulp. ,$2.85. I am feeding 
for rougliage corn fodder and a poor 
grade of hay. s. M. d. 
Your roughage and cob meal being low 
in protein, the grain ration chosen from 
feetls you mention must be largely cotton¬ 
seed meal. I should make it two parts 
corn and cob meaL three parts cottonseed, 
one middlings and one dried beet pulp. 
ir. F. J. 
Acorns for Cow; Selection of Good 
Milker 
1. Will eating acorns dry a cow up? 
2. What kind of a cow is the best to 
buy for a farmer, Jersey, Holstein or 
what? I want a cow that gives a good 
deal of milk and fairly good (luality. 
AVhat are some of the marks to look for 
in selecting a good cow? ir. M. s. 
Ohio. 
1. Little i.s known about the feeding 
of acorns to cows. Cases of poisoning 
have been known when cows ate damaged 
acorns or an undue amount. 
2. Ordinarily, we say a Jersey or grade 
Jersey makes the best family cow. She 
usually gives all the milk that is desired 
by the family, both for use as whole milk, 
cream and butter. The milk is richer 
than that of the other brei’ds. Since you 
wish considerable amount of milk a grade 
Holstein would make you a good cow. 
Y'ou would want to have her milk tested 
and make sure that she had sufficient 
blood of the higher testing breeds, so her 
milk would test 3.7 to 4%. MTiere there 
is no record of milk production a man 
must select a cow by looks. The main 
points to look for are that the cow 
should be of good size for her breed. She 
should be angular in appearance, to con¬ 
trast her from the beef animal. She 
should have a large muzzle and wide 
open nostril and should stand well apart 
on her front legs, showing plenty of 
lung capacity. These are the marks of 
good constitution. She should have a 
deep well-sprung rib. wlilich indicates 
that she is able to handle a large amount 
of feed. The hair should be smooth and 
glos.sj’. Beware of the rough appearing 
animal. The udder should be large and 
flexible; quarters even and well carried 
up on abdomen, and well up in rear. The 
milk veins on the abdomen should be large 
and crooked, entering the thoracic cavity 
through large openings or “wells.” I..ook 
for a well proportioned cow throughout 
and beware of scrubby appearance. 
II. F. .1. 
Growing Ration for Calves 
What is a good growing ration for 
calves four months old, and how much 
would you feed twice a day? At present 
I feed two quarts grain daily and all 
roug'h feed they clean up. I have some 
oats and corn ; how would it be to have 
same ground up? How would this he to 
feed to draft horses, not doing much work 
through Winter? A. J. N. 
Ground oats and corn will make a most 
excellent grain ration for your calves. 
Feed all roughage they will clean up and 
grain enough to keep them in good grow¬ 
ing condition. It is difficult to prescribe 
a definite amount. Whether or not the 
calf cleans up all the grain given at a feed 
is a good indication as to whether it has 
too much or not enough. The oats and 
corn ground together will also be excel¬ 
lent for the horses. The oats might be 
fed crushed, with cracked corn, or the 
oats fed whole at one feed and the corn 
'fed on the ear at another. ii. F. J. 
Oats. 80c i)cr bu.; hyiy, $25 per ton'> 
eggs. 54c per doz., fresh; apples, $1.25 
to $1.50 per bu. ; potatoes, $1.50; cab¬ 
bage. 7 to 10c each ; milch cows. $50 to 
$100; milk. 12c per qt. Straw. $15 per 
toil. Chickens. 27 to 35c, live weight. 
Carbon Co., Pa. E. F. w. 
