"She RURAL NEW-YORKER 
Commercial Fruit Culture 
A Talk on Grape Varieties 
I’AKT II. 
IIkbxito. —For those who prefer va¬ 
rieties of the Rogers hybrids, llernito. a 
pure seedling of Herbert, commends itself 
for trial. Like its parent, the cluster is 
lai-ge, with the berries rather above in 
.size. It is a stronger grower than Her¬ 
bert and is less subject to mildew. It 
ripens a few days earlier. The flesh is 
not so firm, which character renders it 
more eatable. Like Herbert, it lacks the 
higher quality of other Rogers introduc¬ 
tions. 
fl’wo Rko Grapes. —I.ittle Wonder and 
l.iitie are both red grapes of the Jlu.sca- 
dine type, but unlike the general run of 
varieties of the group, their fuxiness-is not 
olqectionable. The quality of both is quite 
.similar, except that Little Wonder is more 
foxy, while both are very vigorous and 
hardy. In productiveness they are all 
that can be desired ; however, I.ittle Won¬ 
der is more inclined to overload, and 
hence in unfavorable seasons all the clus¬ 
ters do not color well, although attain¬ 
ing a relatively high percentage of sugar. 
I-utie in the several years under observa¬ 
tion has never failed to mature a heavy 
crop of marketable clusters. The clusters 
of each are medium in size, compact, 
rarely shouldered, with medium berries, 
dull amber in color, with little bloom. 
The skin is thin, but tough, and separates 
readily from the pulp, which is fine 
grained. Roth varieties should be har¬ 
vested as soon as ripe, as the berries 
wilt rather rapidly after maturity is 
reached, and later shell badly. Lutie and 
I.ittle Wonder ripen together, and prac¬ 
tically with Moore’s Early. In 1017 both 
were recorded as ripe September 21 in the 
T.ake Erie district. I.utie should cer¬ 
tainly be found in every home garden, and 
considering its fruitfulness and season, 
the Commercial grower should find it a 
most profitable variety, as the demand 
fur red grapes is stronger year hy year. 
f’.vco is a much advertised variety, in¬ 
troduced but a few years since. While 
the quality of the fruit is high, the clus¬ 
ter is small to inediiim, and not attract¬ 
ive enough to win favor. The vine is a 
moderate grower only, and has the serious 
fault of losing its foliage early in the ma¬ 
turing period, to the end that the fruit 
does not attain its proper color. This 
fault has been observed for the past three 
seasons, Caco cannot at the present time 
be recommended for general planting. 
^lOYEE for the home garden certainly 
re^iuires more than passing notice. While 
this variety has been on the market for 
several years, it is still but little known. 
It resembles Delaware in so many par¬ 
ticulars that perhaps vines of it have 
pas.sed for the latter variety without fur¬ 
ther thought. This variety is from a 
week to 10 days earlier than Delaware. 
It is somewhat hardier, but is not as vig¬ 
orous as the better-known variety, Dela¬ 
ware. In seasons unfavorable to cross- 
pidlination the clusters are inclined to 
imperfectness, but the many goud qual¬ 
ities more than compensate for this fault. 
Moyer is in every respect the equal of 
Delaware in quality, while the berries 
are somewhat larger. This, coupled with 
the fact that it is earlier than Delaware, 
and hence more likely to mature, com¬ 
mend its planting by the amateur at 
least. 
Regal is another grape that has been 
overlooked in choosing desirable varieties, 
either for the home or commercial pur¬ 
poses. The vine is Amry vigorous, hardy 
and resistant to mildew. It is productive 
to the extent that often it OA’erloads. but 
this can be at least partially controlled by 
closer pruning. The clusters are of good 
size and very compact. The berries vary 
from medium to large, puri»lish to red in 
color. The flesh is juicy and fine-grained, 
being but slightly musky. The stem is 
very short, Avhich makes the harvesting a 
very careful operation, as the berries lie 
close to the cane, and are liable to be 
bruised in the cutting. The season is 
practically that of I.indley, its parent, 
although in seasons Avhen overloaded it 
has ripened with Catawba, which it sur¬ 
passes in all characters except quality, 
but only inferior in a small degree in this 
respect. 
Helex Keller is a very vigorous va¬ 
riety that is little known. The clusters 
are medium to large, with large berries of 
a dark dull red color with lilac bloom. 
The variety is partially self-fertile, and 
in years favorable to cross-pollination 
produces satisfactory crops. The fruit is 
juicy and of a very pleasant flavor, Avhich 
is intermediate between that of Agawam 
and I.indley. Its season is practically 
that of Regal. While Helen Keller is 
not recommended for commercial vine¬ 
yards, it ought to be planted more gener¬ 
ally in the home garden. 
Srcc'KSSiox IX Ripkxixg. —The varie¬ 
ties included in this list provide for a suc¬ 
cession in ripening that is well adapted 
for the home garden; however, no white 
grape has thus far been included, largely 
for the reason that no new introduction 
has ])roven superior to the older sorts, al¬ 
though a number now under test are prov¬ 
ing meritorious, and will be introduced 
within a few years. Of the white grapes 
listed in the nurseryman’s catalogue, Win- 
chell or Green Mountain should be more 
generally planted, likewise Jessica. The 
first named ripens very early, is sweet and 
of very fair quality. The clusters are 
very large, with medium-sized berries. 
.Tessica, while equal in quality, has a 
much smaller cluster and ripens a trifle 
earlier than Winchell. Roth are hardy 
in bud and average in vigor. 
Xew York. F. E. Gi.Anwi.x. 
The Story of Misfit Trees 
'Fhe complaint I>r. Deming makes about 
misfit trees on page 12!)7 is. most unfor¬ 
tunately, a universal experience. I have 
be(>u a sufferer to a large degree, and at a 
large exi»ense and much loss of time have 
had to top-work hundreds of trees that 
were badly mixed in the xariidies. I have 
bought many trees fi’oin nurs('rymen who 
personally, at larg(' exp<mse. h.ive tr.avcded 
to find the best trees of cert.aiu varieti<'s 
from which to have buds cut and sent to 
them for budding the tree in their nur- 
seri('s. I have the evidence from men who 
have Avorlo'd in iiurseri<‘S that in a gang 
of budders, men xvho have run out of buds 
of a certain A'ariety, getting out of the 
buds near the end of long rows of trees, 
instead of going back to get buds of the 
.same variety, Avould go to other budders, 
setting other varieties, and borrow enough 
buds to finish their rows, and this is one 
of the reasons Avhy x'arieties turn out at 
bearing mixed. 
Another reason for mixed trees is that 
nurserymen, in late years, have been 
obliged to employ foreign labor, men xvho 
could neither speak, read nor write En¬ 
glish. With all of the care nurserymen 
give in their business it is not possil)le 
with the many varieties that are often 
ordered in a single shipment for men who 
cannot read labels to avoid mistaki's in 
packing. 
At Orchard Farm is an orchard set 70 
years ago with every tree true to variety 
and still bearing excellent apples. The 
trees were bought from a nurseryman 
who had a small nuixsery, and could give 
his per.sonal attention to all details of 
budding and shipping. There are but two 
ways in which to obtain trees true to 
name, to buy from the small, careful nur¬ 
seryman or to top-work all the trees. Ruy 
thrifty one-year trees, plant in nursery 
rows, select the buds from local trees of 
the vari»>ties wanted, and bud the nursery 
trees. Let them grow one year and in 
this manner orchards may be had xvith 
every tree certain to be as desired in 
varieties. 
A law has b(‘cu passed in New York 
State giving buvi'rs substantial damages 
against nurserymen xvhose trees sold 
prove to be not as represented in the 
varieties The courts, however, thus far, 
have not imposed heavy damages, for the 
I’eason that nurserymen are helpless to 
control all factors in their business be¬ 
cause of the labor conditions. Never buy 
trees from a traveling salesman unless he 
can produce evidence that he is an author¬ 
ized agent of a reliable nursery. Dr. 
Deming has many sympathizers. 
GEORGE T. POWELL. 
Columbia Co., N. Y. 
^SS 
Ttiinking-i 
of the many advantages 
he will gain by using the 
IRONM 
Potato Planter 
1st. I will put one seed piece and oiihj 
one in every place—no misses. Then, I will 
get 100% results from land devoted to the 
growing of my potato crop—will save about 
one acre in every ten. As I must plow, 
harrow, fertilize, cultivate, spray and dig 
over this land any way, the extra yield is 
practically all clear profit. 
2nd. I will save seed—at least 1 or 2 bushels an acre; some of my neigh¬ 
bors say a barrel. That saves potatoes and it saves the work of cutting 
extra seed. This alone means many dollai’s in extra potato profits. 
3d. My seed will not bo braised, cut or punctured; so, even though it 
should ho very Avet after planting, I Avill he pretty sure to get a good stand. 
The seed is placed in a mellow bed of .«oil just right for its future growth. It 
does not touch the fertilizer, becau.se the fertilizer has been thoroughly mixed 
Avith the .soil. 
4th. I can also use the machine for planting peas, corn or beans, or in 
making up rows for setting out tomato or cabbage plants. 
5th. It is made by ,a company Avho have been making first-class farm tools 
for more than 80 years and their guarantee is as sound as a Iviberty Bond. 
Since they are practical farmers 
and try out their tools at home, 
they know how to meet the prac¬ 
tical conditions found on iny farm. 
I know that every Iron Age fl’ool 
is made on honor and the price is 
reasonable in spite of high-priced 
steel. So I Avill place 
my order at once and 
make .sure of having 
my planter when I need it. 
Bateman M’f’g Co. 
Box 200-B Grenloch, N. J. 
82 Years in Bnsu}ess 
SAWSI 
ANY WOOD 
IN ANY POSITION 
ON ANY GROUND 
4 In. to S ft. Through 
1 U^MVVith a Folding Paale O With a 
JL ividnsawing Machine DCfllO^A Cross-cut Saw 
S to 8 cords daily is the usual average for one man 
Our 19] 8 Model Machine saws faster, mna easier and will 
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Foldins Sawing Ivlach. Co., 161W. Harrison St., Ciiicago, IlL 
kelly duplex “iirLir 
mado with a double sot of grind¬ 
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face of just doublo that of most 
milla of equal size* therefore. 
Do Twice as Much 
Work. 
Grind car corn, shelled 
com, oats, rye, wheat, 
barley, kaffir com, cot- 
ton seed, corn in 
^ shucks, sheaf oat<i, or 
any kind of grain, coarse, me¬ 
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Write for new catalogue. 
Duplex Mill & Mfg.Co., Box 320 Springfield, Ohio 
Armour Fertilizer Works 
General Offices: CHICAGO 
Atlanta, Ga, 
Nashville, Tenn, 
Baltimore, Md. 
Greensboro, N. C, 
Jacksonville, Fla. 
New Orleans, La. 
Wilmington, N. C. 
Augusta, Ga. 
Houston, Texas.. 
iM 
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