174 
RURAL NEW-YORKER 
February 2, 1!»1S 
Come in and Get the 
Helpful ALPHA Service Sheets 
If you are thinking of building a barn, a garage, a greenhouse, 
a poultry house, a porch, a small dam and spillway, etc., come 
in and get an ALPHA Service Sheet free of charge. These 
practical sheets show how to construct modem farm buildings 
and smaller improvements with everlasting concrete made of 
ALPHA'SSCEMENT 
We recommend and sell ALPHA 
Cement for all kinds of concrete 
work because we know that ALPHA 
can always be depended on to meet 
the severest tests. The U. S. De¬ 
partment of A'griculture advises 
farmers to use cement that is guar¬ 
anteed. We guarantee that ALPHA 
Cement will invariably meet standard 
specifications. 
Expert chemists test ALPHA hourly 
while it is being made, in order to 
guard its quality and to make sure 
that every pound is pure and of full 
strength. Cement is the sinew of 
concrete construction. Use ALPHA 
and you can be sure of the most 
powerful and permanent sinew. Our 
customers tell us that every bag of 
ALPHA is like every other bag 
—great in bin ding-power. 
We have a supply of the helpful ALPHA Service Sheets on 32 different structures. 
Come in to-day or mail a postal, telling us to hold yours for you. We will also give you 
the big, illustrated book “ALPHA Cement—How to Use It.” It tells you how to make 
scores of concrete improvements with ALPHA—The Guaranteed Portland Cement. 
Alpha Cement Dealers of New York State 
If you don’tjknow a nearby ALPHA dealer. Address Alpha Portland Cement Co., Easton, Pa., 
mentioning The Rural New-Yorker and the building or improvement that interests you. 
CONCRETE FOR PERMANENCE 
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‘*Keonomlc** LImo Spreader KertllUer Distributers 
‘*llereale8” Potato Dl:;gcrs Shovel Clows 
Ask for our Booklets Give your Dealer's Name 
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FORD 
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36 Swan St., 
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THE BROWN FENCE & WIRE CO. 
Dept. 559 CLEVELAND, OHIO 
WRITE 
Growing Mangels 
To get the best results from any crop 
we must prepare for it at the proper time. 
If you wish to raise a maximum crop of 
mangels, now is about the time to prepare 
to do so ! Many times long after we have 
sown our field with beets someone will 
come and inquire “how long before it will 
he tiiiK* to prepare to put in a crop.” 
Tt does not pay to put in mangels on 
jioorly prepared .soil. It is also a question 
as to whether it will pay to sow later 
than early Spring. In New York, at 
least, it seems to take the entire season to 
grow a full croi). 
Some of our good farmers say that if 
I they luive silage it does not pay to raise 
lieets at all. With rather small ju-oduc- 
iiig cows I believe this is so. However, 
if you have some big milkers and wish to 
push them to their maximum production, 
ynu must have beets or mangels. They 
s<‘em to have a tonic effect on the cows 
and to take the place of part of the grain 
ration. To a cow in full flow w'e feed 
from 15 to 75 pounds per day. We have 
never seen any bad effects unless the 
grain ration was of too laxative a irature. 
W(> run the beets through a root cutter 
and sometime.^ feed with (he grain and 
sometimes alone. IVi* have a homemade 
cutter, one we made from an old hand 
straw cutter. It cuts the mangels into 
fiat slices about one-balf ineh thick. 
As a hen feed we firmly believe there is 
nothing that will take the place of man¬ 
gels in the Winter, Even in the Summer, 
witli the hens on fn'e range, jiart of it 
.Vlfalfa. they are delighted to get some 
mangels. 
After several years' experience in rais¬ 
ing mangels there are some things that 
we h(‘lieve w’e know. Others may dis¬ 
agree with us, but in our own case we be¬ 
lieve we are right. We do not believe in 
narrow rows. We make them three feet 
ajiart. Many times we have our mangels 
on the end of the corn or potato field, so 
we can cultivate them when we do the 
other crops. At this distance apart we 
can sow a cover crop to advantage. We 
have a nice jiiece of wheat now where we 
raised beets last Summer. I say beets, 
not mangels, for thereby hangs a tale. We 
bought our seed of a prominent Syracuse 
seedsman, buying thri'e varieties. Our 
long red mangels proved to be a flat table 
kind. We left them much thicker in the 
TOWS, hut even then we only got about 
one-half as many bushels as we would 
have done had we had mangels. At three 
feet aiiart thi'y do not suffer from drought 
as they do when the rows are nearer, and 
we get much longer roots than w'e do with 
narrow rows. In fact, we give plenty of 
room in the row itself. Not less than a 
foot apart, and we prefer 15 inches. 
Such roots will weight from 5 to 20 
pounds. It is expensive to handle small 
roots at harvest, and as we brn.sh off the 
dirt before cutting them for the cows, we 
can handle large ones much faster here 
also. 
We BOW on ground that has been in a 
cultivated crop the year before and rai.se 
mangels two years in succession. By do¬ 
ing this onr second year crop is very eas¬ 
ily raised, as the foul stuff is very largely 
eliminated tlie first year. We believe 
mangels, and especially the long red, will 
do a good job of suhsoiling. Many roots 
go down 12 to 10 iiiche.s, and yet are 
very easily pulled. They are an ideal 
crop to iirecede .Alfalfa. We cover the 
ground at this time of the year with a 
good coat of manure. If the field is very 
foul or grassy, and especially with quack 
grass, we plow twice. The first time quite 
shallow, as early in the Spring as pos- 
gible. Harrow at intervals for a few 
weeks, and then plow as deeply as the soil 
will allow. Sow on what fertilizer we 
wish to use and if needed, and it generall.v 
is, some ground limestone. Beets are very 
sensitive to acid or lack of lime. Harrow 
and roll until we have a fine and firm 
seed bed. Sow with a good seed drill 
about six pounds of seed to the acre. 
Cultivate very shallow. I once spoiled a 
piece of beets by cultivating them deeply 
in a dry time. 
Thinning and weeding is the big ex¬ 
pense on this crop, but it must be done. 
and well done, too. or your crop will be a 
failure. Do it early enough so they will 
not suffer from crowding. In harvesting, 
take about six rows. Commence on the 
third row. Pull a beet and hold it with 
your left hand and twist off the top with 
your right hand. Drop your beet between 
the third and fourth, row and throw the 
tops ahead in a pile between the third and 
second rows. IToceed across the field and 
come back on the fourth row, making a 
pile of leaves on that .side, (lo across 
again on the second row and back on the 
fifth. Next on the first and sixth row.s. 
This will keep your left hand toward 
where you throw your beets in a windrow. 
Let them remain a few hours to dry and 
then draw them to the root cellar, or 
pit. The leaves make fine feed all the 
Fall and the cows are very fond of them. 
Leave them in the piles until you wish to 
food them, as they will keep much better 
than if you draw them to the barn all at 
once. Oue man told me that they dried 
off his cows. He said they were so fond 
of them that they would not eat anything 
else. So it was no wonder if they went 
dry. GEOUCE w. iwgek.s. 
Government Regulation of Small Mills 
IVill you please send me the new food 
regulations pertaining to flour'? Do they 
apply to custom grinding of small amounts 
for home use? That is, does one have to 
have his own wheat ground with other 
grains? ir. c. G. 
Canton, N. Y. 
The milling regulations pertaining to 
flour refer only to mills whi<di. under the 
President’s proclamation of October S. are 
required to take out a license. The mini¬ 
mum capacity of mills re<iuirod to take 
out a license is 75 barrels for a 24 hours’ 
run. Apparently the inquirer oiiorates a 
mill of very small capacity, and there¬ 
fore, does not come under the regulation. 
It is possible, however, in the near future 
that a new proclamation may be issued 
by the President which will laaiuire every 
mill, regardless of‘capacity, to take out a 
license. If such a proclamation is issued, 
the probabilities are that rules and regu¬ 
lations will be issued which will take 
into consideration the custom practices 
which obtain with these small mills. The 
Food Administration will endeavor to put 
out regulations which will hamper those 
small mills as little as possible, and at the 
same time accomplish the objectives of the 
Pood Administration. 
.Storing Ice 
Ilow can I keep ice without sawdust? 
We have to put it in, and it is impossible 
to get sawdust here. I have straw and 
good hay, but no swale hay. About how 
many cakes will I want, and what size, 
for eight cows? w. u. w. 
Cazeiiovia, N. Y. 
Allowing for a shrinkage of from 20 to 
50 per cent, you will need about one-half 
a ton of ice per cow if cream is sold, and 
two tons per cow if milk is sold. The fol- 
l()wing table, taken from Farmers’ Bulle¬ 
tin No. G2.3, shows the number of cakes 
22.x22 inches?, and of varying thickness, 
that are required per ton of ice : 
•kness of 
No. Cakes 
- Inches. 
Per Ton. 
4 
. .'ll 
G . 20.n 
S 
. 1.5.G 
10 
. 12.5 
12 
. 10.4 
14 
. s.o 
IG 
. 7.S 
IS 
G 0 
20 
. G..”, 
22 
Pack ice as usual and cover with straw. 
Better leave an eight-inch space around 
the sides of the house, which should be 
packed tight with straw. Cover top to a 
depth of a foot or more. ir. F. .T. 
A South Dakota railroad is noted for 
its execrable roadbi'd. A new brakemau 
was making his first run over the road at 
night and was standing in the center of 
the car, grimly clutching the seats to 
keep erect. Suddenly the train struck a 
.smooth idace in the track and .slid along 
without a sound. Seizing his lantern, 
the brakeman ran for the door. “.lump 
for your lives I” he shouted. “She is off 
the track.”—The Argonaut. 
