194 
TShe RURAL NEW-YORKER 
February 9, 191S 
Send for our practical Corn 
Book. It will help you grow 
more bushels to the acre. 
Order your supplies of 
E. FRANK COE'S 
ReK. U. S. Pat. Off. 
FERTILIZERS 
NOW for IMMEDIATE SHIP¬ 
MENT. For over sixty years 
they have helped good farmers 
increase their corn profits. Ask 
for prices. 
We want more agents. 
Address Crop Book Dept., 
The Coe-Mortimer Company 
Subsidiary of the American Airricuitural 
«'I C-o. 
51 Ctamber* St., N. Y.C. 
PROTECT EARLY CABBAGE 
Don't let the •'shbaare ma^frot g«t your crop, 
hor 8 yeare growers have been raialoK larger, 
firmer Deade and Ineuring practically lOO per 
*'enC. crofk bs uMjdc 
A. B. C. PI..ANT ntOTECTOUK 
St'eclal tar felt discs which anybotb’ can slip 
on the etern directly after planting to prevent 
the maggot fly from laying its eggs. 
Hig iprowers Rap they can’t grow cabbage'with- 
«*ut fl»em. Write for copies of their Jettern, 
l ull infomiation and wholesale price. 
PUNT PROTECTOR COMPANY 
48 Soatb Water St. Rochuter, N. Y. 
DOUBLE GALVANIZED! 
\)i^nderful' 
jmv 
' BixnmBenceBock 
Quotes rock-bottom money- 
saving prices. Direct front i 
Factory all freight prepaid 3 
on famous Brown Double] 
Galvanized Fence—backed 
by nearly 35 years reputa¬ 
tion for highest quality. 
Free book tells how Brown 
Fence is made of heavy, ,,, 
DOUBLE r. ALVANIZED i ^l*^ Per Rod Up 
WIRE and why It ouMests other fence* 
two to five times. 
Direct From Factory 
21c per rod up Freight Prepaid - 
150 styles of fence for every purpose. 
Test, free sample and yoifll see why 
a half million other farmers have 
bought over 125 million rods. 
GATES AND LAWN FENCE 
This free book also sliows complete line of Farm 
Gates, Self-Raising Gates, Lawn Fence, Lawn 
Gates and Barb Wire. 
WRITE POSTAL NOW 
See how much money my freight prepaid prices 
save you. My book explains all fully. Write me 
for YOUR copy and free sample of Brown Fence 
Wire to test, FREE. 
THE BROWN FENCE & WIRE CO., 
Dept. 459 Cleveland, Ohio 
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiil 
ZVU finest and moat complete Una ttf Fenca 
in tka Country •-at-Faetoru Fmceat 
When you write advertisers mention 
The Rural New-Yorker and you’ll get 
a quick reply and a ’’square deal. ” See 
guarantee editorial page. 
The Useful Hotbed 
The Hotbed an Adjunct to the Home or 
War Garden ^ 
Part I. 
A 'vpll-huilt and .i»roporly managed hot¬ 
bed should be con.sidered a necessary ad¬ 
junct to the home or emergency war 
garden this coming season. Initial cost 
of construction will be small if only a 
temporai’y, rather than a permanent fix¬ 
ture, is desired, and the time needetl in 
caring for hotbed crops will he found an 
interesting and a pleasant ta.sk when 
compared with the actual garden opera¬ 
tions of the Hummer. Moreover, the use 
of early crops of radishes and lettuce at 
the usual sea.son for jdanting these crops 
in tlie ojien will be found a great .satisfac¬ 
tion, and a generous supply of early plants 
when needed for outdoor transplanting 
will be a convenience as well as an 
ec^onomic asset. 
Pi.ANXixG AM) Making tiik Hotukd. 
—.Any gardener who is handy with tools 
can easily plan and build a hotbed. 'J-he 
location should first l)e determined, atten¬ 
tion being given to se<;ure good drainage, 
shelter from winds and a direct exposure 
to the sun’s rays. Usually a .suitable 
space may be found at the south of a 
building or on tlie sheltered side of the 
back y.'ird or garden fence. Where such 
site is’ available, the more valuable spiice 
may he devoted to the gai'den.s as usual. 
Whethei* or not the hotbed is to he a tem¬ 
porary or a jHU'manent affair should he 
decided before oijerations are started. 
Less material will he require<I for the 
frame of a temjxirary structure. More¬ 
over, a jiit for Cdutaining the immure— 
the source of heat—is not necessary in 
case the uu.sightliness is not a matter of 
great importance. Quite true, the. fer¬ 
menting manure must he- piled and pro¬ 
tected in such a way that all heat given 
off is conserved. This, liowever, can be 
accomplished by building the manure heap 
on the surface, placing the frame s<iuarely 
ovei’ the lieap and banking it around the 
outside with straw, leave.s or soil. A hot¬ 
bed of this type is possible in case the soil 
is frozen to such a depth.-tiiat a ])it cannot 
he dug conveniently. 
DuiGiNG TUK Pit.—A pit will be 
needed for (other a temporiii-y or per¬ 
manent iiothed in case the fermenting 
manure is to he enclosed. Its dei)tli 
should he 2^/4 to three feet and its lateral 
diimuisions will he governed by the size 
of the frame, which in turn depends uiion 
.size and number of sash used.' Hince the 
n.snal hotbed sash is six feet by three feet, 
the frame on which it is to re.st should he 
slightly h'.ss than six feet in width—out- 
.side nn'usurement- -a small deduction be¬ 
ing made for slant of the sash. Th(‘ pit, 
however, should he from six inches to a 
foot wider than tlie sash leugtii in order 
that the frame may rest ou a firmly- 
tamiied bed of maniire. Wliere the jiit is 
board<‘d or walled nj) from the Imttom. 
for use year after ,vear. manure can be 
tamped securely against .the walls. 
Materials Peady AViiex Needed. —All 
materials should be on hand in order that 
operations may start h.v March 3. Hash 
should be secured and the frame cut and 
set up 111 the basement or w<»rkshop. Lo¬ 
cal Ininher firms or garden supjil.v houses 
should he able to furni.sli glazed sash at 
.$2 to .i34..oO (>ach. 1 >ouhle-glazed sash, 
which ma.v be had at from .lil to $2 more 
each, ma.v h*' a good investment where 
mats or other covtu-ing of some sort cannot 
be secured. Double-glazed sash are heavier 
to handle and less durable than single- 
glazed. Good sash should he light, strong 
and durable. Tlie.v are usuall.v made of 
cypress, each blind-mortised at the cor¬ 
ners and weir braced throughout. If kept 
paintt‘d, repaired and stored Avlieii not in 
use, they should give at least ten or twelve 
years’ service. 
CoxsTKi'CTiox.—’riie frame on which 
the sash is to rest, if desired for ii.se .rear 
after year, should he made of durable 
wood, ehestniit or peeky c.vjiress M’hile 
boards seven-eighths of an inch or an inch 
thick will answer nicely, heavier material, 
possibly iy 2 or 2-iuch, will give a more 
rigid frame, especially if it i.s to be taken 
apart for storing each season when not in 
use. AVidth of the frame ou which a six- 
foot sash i.s used will be five feet eight 
inches, inside measurement. With the use 
of 134 -inc‘fi material for side walls, at both 
front and back, .sash will extend over 
either edge sufficiently to carry off mois¬ 
ture which falls or collects on the glass. 
Height of the side walls should be eight 
or 10 inches for the front and 14 or 10 
inches for the hack, resiiectively, thus 
giving a slant of six inches to each frame.' 
Huch a slant sheds water readily and 
gives a more direct exposure of sunlight 
to the crops. The frame may be nailed to- 
gether at the corners, as suggested h.v the 
accompanying picture. Fig. 79, or, by cut¬ 
ting each, end or side wall several uches 
longer than the specified length, v’eats 
may he bolted to either end of each as a 
means <4 attaching the frame together and 
taking it ai)aii; more readily. In case the 
length of the bed is greater than one sash 
width, a support of some sort should be 
pi’ovided between sash on which the outer 
edge of each may rest. This suppoi-t, 
which may-be mortised in .such a way that 
it can be easily removed, should offer no 
oh.struction to a tight enclosure. An inch 
board projecting an inch and a half above 
the side Avill serve as protection and pi-e- 
vent the end sash from being lifted h.v 
strong winds. 
Source of Heat. —The best source of 
heat for the hotl)ed is from fermenting 
horse manure secured from grain-fed, 
straw-bedded animals. Shavings manure 
Starting the Hotbed Frame. Fig. 79 
should be iivoided. I'l-oin thr<>e-fonrtlis 
to OIK* ton of inanui'i! will lx* nc'edcd und<'r 
each r>x.‘!-fect sash. The supply needed 
sliKtild be eolleet(‘d from 11 h* stabh's and 
jtilod in long fiat ‘lieaiKs 10 days or two 
weeks before it is desired for use, in ordt'r 
that it may become i)roi)erl.v cured. P.y 
curing is meant to bring the manure 
through tlie. first or initial lK*ating. Heajis 
should be forked over and hack <‘very 
three or four days in order that tin* initial 
heating may progress uniformly. Mois¬ 
ture or fumes giv<“u off furnish a good 
index as to the evenness of curing. Dr.v 
or ]>oorl.v handled manure may need (o 
be wett<‘d down with warm water in order 
to start curing of the heap. 
prof. E. 1.. KIKKI’ATKICK. 
Handling Muck 
(CoutiuiuKl from page 188.) 
of digging it if the swamp i.s now or 
ever has been near timber. AVe found it 
out first thing. The same antiseptic (piali- 
ties of swamp tvater that old Mother Na¬ 
ture used in keeping these vast deposits 
for our use all these centuries also kept 
the logs, limbs, stumps and roots from 
rotting; and nicel.v planned contrivances 
come to grief. Tlien, too, why not use a 
spreader. Hure, if you can. AA"e don’t 
need it. How nice it would work 
through snow, or mud, or how tight it 
wo\ild freeze up before the first load was 
off in cold weather could he easily found 
<>\it. There are places and seasojis it 
would he handy, but don’t ivait. AVe 
l)ave found that tlie apiilication of muck 
to our Soil mak'*s a better home for the 
plants, and better homes cannot help but 
have their influence. i. c. R. 
Hay, $18 to .$21 •. iiotatoes, $1.50 per 
100 lbs.; butter, 50c to 52c; cheese, 25c 
to 25t^c per lb. Cattle, $75 up, accord¬ 
ing to (juality and whether fresh or not. 
Condensei'y price for milk at this place is 
$3.42 per cwt. for 3 per cent milk. A. s. 
Allegany f'o., N. Y. 
Unlike 
other cereals 
Grape-Nuts 
requires only about 
hatf the ordinary qua¬ 
ntity of milk or cream 
Likewise because of 
its natural sweetness 
it requires no sugar. 
Grape-Nuts me 
ready cooked food, 
is an all-round savec 
cimm, 
' ' GARDEN TOOLS * 
Answer the farmer’s big questions: 
How can I have a good garden with 
least expense? How can the wife 
have plenty of fresh vegetables for 
the home table with least labor? 
IRON AGE 
solves the garden labor problem. 
Takes the place of many tools— 
stored in small space. Sows, cov¬ 
ers, cultivates, weeds, ridges, 
etc.,better than old-time tools. 
A woman, boy or girl can 
it and do a day^s hand¬ 
work in 60 
in i n u tes. 
30 conililn- 
ations.t4.60 
to $30.00. 
W r 11 e f or 
_ booklet. 
BatemanM’f’gCo..Box 2C.,Grenlocli,N.J. 
NO.30S 
Drill 
and 
Wheel 
Hoe 
HOT BED SASH 
ONLY $2.95 
GLAZED with 5 rows 6-in. 
Frames IJgiii. thick. No lOypren.s 
with lujfs and painted on© co;if. 
('rosfl bar« hard w^d. Ready to ship 
NOW. ('an fur.!i 1 3 4 in. 
for $3.53. Price unglazed on rr 
quest. Coal Shortage has curtailed 
irrccTihouBo products. Hot Bods an' 
a substitute for grpcnhouses. Food 
S.hor^gO makes hot bed $ash a neres- 
fiitj/. New EnjrWnd gardeners know our 
sash. Your satisfaction assured—our 
low prices make this offer a rich bar- 
aain. bargain LIST FREE, 
loclndinar building material, money- 
saving. roo6ng, wall board, i>aint and 
all material you will need for Spring 
repairs. 
WEBBER LUMBER & SUPPLY CO. 
811 Thompson Street, Fitchburg, Mass. 
S EED is high and 
scarce. Make every 
ain count. A Crown 
sows the right depth 
smd the right amount— 
its force feed is accurate. 
No seed is too small or too 
dent corn or kidney b^anssown without crack¬ 
ing. The fertilizer feed handles wet “goods" suc¬ 
cessfully. Send today for 1918 catalog. 
We also make Dme and Fertilizer Sowers, 
Traction Sprayers and 
Wheelbarrow Grass 
Seeders—all guaranteed. 
Crown Mfg. Co. 
112 Wayne Street 
PHELPS, N.Y. 
Rich Lands in Little Delaware 
4 HOURS FROM NEW YORK CITY 
T.evel, fiee of rocks, easily tilled, long growing sea¬ 
son; plenty of rain: cheaii labor and freiglit. Dela¬ 
ware, Staymau.Winesap apples beat the world. Yon 
know about her Peaches. aO bushels of wheat and 
IK) of corn are not uncoimnon. We equal if not sur¬ 
pass on all crops north of the Tropics. One man we 
sold in 1917 planted between trees of his a,;')00 tree 
apple orchard 33 acres of tomatoes, return* over 
$0,200 (name furnished on request.) Come and see 
this week’s offering—beautiful town, farm and or¬ 
chard. 200 .acres. 5,500 trees of all-bearing age. 
Nice vineyard and Alfalfa field. Twelve-room house 
and fine lot of out-bulldings. One minute walk 
boat landing—Philadelphia boat,., -ne good crop 
should pay total cost of orchard. Price, $150 per 
acre, liberal terms. Send for Booklet or spend two 
dayawithus. Itv;ill pay you. McGOHfGALSSOIf, Dover.Del. 
