230 
C»c RURAL NEW-YORKER 
lif;, 
JT 
DIBBLE'S 
SEED 
POTATOES 
FromOurFarai 
to Yours 
50,000 BUSHELS 
Northern grown from Pedigree Stock 
Seed. Every bushel saved from fields 
free from blight and stored in frost¬ 
proof warehouses. The “best 15“ va¬ 
rieties; early, intermediate and late, in 
any quantity from barrels to carloads. 
Ohios. Cobblers. Rose. Manistees. Bovees. Qneens. 
Giants. Moneymakers. Mountains. Gold Coins. Uncle 
Sams. Rnrals. Carmans. Raleighs and DIBBLE’S RUS¬ 
SETS of which over a thousand customers say: "best 
potato J ever grew.” and more than a hundred re¬ 
port : "outyielded other sorts more than two to one." 
Dihhle'n Farm Seed (Jatnloq and 
Sperial Price JAst FlttlE 
EDWARD F. DIBBLE SEEDGROWER 
HONEOYE FALLS, N. Y. 
Box B 
HEADQUARTERS b' 
Spring Wheat, 
Grass Seeds. 
Oats, Barley, Com, 
Alfalfa, Clover and 
CARDEN SEEDS 
Let US send you our catalogf of seeds—it*s 
different. It tells you facts, and why we can save you money, and give you a guaranteed 
SOUARK DEAL. Just drop a postal today and see the difference in buying your seeds 
in country. FORREST SEED CO„ Box No. 32. CorUand. N. Y. 
1 
WING’S 
Vegetable 
stand for big yields. We offer the best that 
can be grown and can supply you with all the 
standard varieties. 
Readers of this paper need no introduction to 
Wing’s Alfalfa seed. Corn, or other field seeds. 
Try some of our specialties in vegetable seeds, 
and we will show you that they are equally 
good. 
Wing’s Red Sunrise Tomato 
has given splendid satisfaction both to market 
gardeners and home growers wherever grown; 
ripens its first fruits the same day as Earliana, 
30% more prolific, 30% more smooth fruits. 
Its main picking comes a week sooner than 
Earliana. Fruit is thick fleshed, with few seed 
cells, and with a firm skin. Pkt. 10c. 
Wing’s Golden Sugar Corn 
ripens practically with Golden Bantam, with: 
ears one-half larger, fully as sweet and fine 
flavored as Golden Bantam. Pkt. 16c. 
New Catalog FREE 
Describes the very beet and most reliable sorts of veoetabis, 
flower and Hold aooda, bulb* and some new and rara 
apeclaltles which wo believe can not bo obtained timnieb 
any other American seedsman. This Seed Guido civee eul- 
tund directions and tells how to plant for profit. 
Wino S««d Co., Box 123 « MeohanlosburOt Ohio 
(Tbs Boose of Qaallty and Moderate Prices) 
BigProlits 
Growing 
Strawberries 
$300 to $500 
made per acre by 
Inexperienced beginners follow¬ 
ing "Keith’s Ways to Successful Berry 
Culture.” We can save you $2.0U 
to K.OO per 1000 on your plants. 
SATISFACTION GUARANTEED or MONEY BACK 
Our 1918 catalogue contains valuable and 
practical information on Growing Small 
Fruits. This Valuable BOOK FRKE. 
KEITH BROS. NURSERY, Box 300, Sawyer, Mich. 
STRAWBERRIES 
Send us 
mail and 
m WM. BELT, JOE. OR DUHLXP (Sweetest and best.) 
one dollar cai-efully wrapped for which we will 
_ . ppet 
guai'iintee 150 plants of eitlicr sort or 60 of each. East of 
Miss, river only. Cat. free. SLXTMAKER SSON.Wromnig.Delawsra 
HARDY BERRY PLANTS 
Best varieties of Blackberries, Raspberries. Strawberries, 
{'\irrants and Gooseberries. Also Asparagus, Rhubarb, 
Fruit Trees and Ornamentals. Special 10% discount on 
Febi-uary orders. GEO. D. AIKEN. BOX M. PUTNEY. VT. 
Cornell’s Dept, of Plant Breeding 
WELCOME SEED OATS. Pnre, recleaned seed $1.75 per 
bu. in 25 bu. lots. H. K. Crandall, Wilawana,Pa. 
open C^OE9l\l dolden orange 
wttu FLINT, 85bu. KED 
COB, 84. GIANT ENSILAGE,83.60. Special 
price on ear lots. Order Early. Sample for stamp. 
HARBY VAIL, Warwick, Orangk Co., N. Y. 
15 Standard make, 
all steel, two-gang 
I tractor plows ata bar¬ 
gain. Will attach to 
any light tractor. Have gone out of implement busi¬ 
ness. GEORGE S. MORGAN, 563 So. Salina St., SYRACUSE, N. Y. 
PlowBargains 
larnes’s Trees 
ire New England grown. 
In spite of reported short¬ 
age of nursery stock in many 
sections, we have a good 
assortment of the lead- 
Ing varieties—adapt- 
Our edto our severe 
Fruit Northern cll- 
Book will mate. Plant 
ilpyou grow 
lit by up-to- 
heir 
frui 
date methods. It 
contains much prac¬ 
tical Information about^ 
Apples, Peaches, 
Pears, Plums, Cher¬ 
ries,etc. Write for 
your copy to¬ 
day—/rcc. 
them. 
The Barnes Bros. Nursery Co. 
Box 8 Y alesville. Conwi 
Are We Reliable? 
Our present business has been built up by 
square dealing with fanners and other planters 
with whom we have been dealing for 41 years. 
We grow only hardy, acclimated varieties of 
Trees,Shrubsand Plants 
We employ no agents or other salesmen but 
send on request our Price-Catalog. This book 
contains accurate descriptions and natural 
photographic illustrations. Our price, are 
fair to both you and us. Send at once for 
your copy. 
CALL’S NURSERIES 
Box 50 
PERRY, OHIO 
KTgE 
TsISM 
Calllornia Privot and Asparagua plant.. Millions 
oftreesandshmbs.etc. Healthy;truetoname;qual- 
Ity high; price low. New PlantersPrice List ready. 
THE WESTMINSTER NURSERY, 
Box 129 We.lmln.ler, Md. 
450,000 
200 varieties. Also Grapes, Small Fruits, etc. Best rooted, 
stock. Genuine, cheap. 3 sample blackberries iimiled for 
10c. Catalogfree. LEWIS E0E8CH, Box L, Fredonia, H.Y. 
5 to 7 ft. high, healthy, .trictly first-class, budded on. 
whole roots, bestvarieties, boxed F.O.B. Dansville, 
N.y. $16 per 100. Plant Apple Orchard this Spring. 
Nurseries EetabUshed 1870. p, BRYANT, D.nsville, N.Y 
Medium .arly, 82.75 
par bu.; sacks free. 
ranklin Park, N. J. 
IIGUa SI’ECIAE Few days only. Best, $12 Bu. 12 lbs. per 
AlIBlTa acre, U.rdKedbud best .. Il.omingiltle, Schenecta.y, R.Y. 
white LEE. Heavy yielder. Northern Whit. 
OBBQuOrn Field. Extra Early. $8 bu. Bags Tree. 
Sample. O. E. SCOTT, Beaver Dam, Kentucky 
White Cap Deni Seeds Corn ^ 
PARKLANDS FARM, 
A Big Saving in Fruit Trees 
38 years’ experience in selling direct to big 
fruit growers, and the strongest kind of a 
. guarantee are back of Kelly Bros., Trees. 
You pay no agents’ prices. Gur 1918 Catalog quotes low prices and describes the choicest varieties of fruits 
and ornamentals. (Write for free <mpy to-day. »•_!_ TVanwolllA TJ Y 
Keliv Bros. Wholesale Nurseries, . b7 Main Street, Dansville, N. x. 
' YOU’LL NEVER REGRET PLANTING KELLY TREES 
LONEY Guaranteed TREES 
An Advertisement to Live Fruit Men 
Maloney Trees are guaranteed true to nanie and free 
from di.«ease by the largest nui’sery growers in New York 
State. For 33 years we have been in business here i?> 
Dansville and today we are able to ship you direct better 
trees tlian ever before because we are constantly studying 
to improve our methods. 
A. T. White, Milwaukee. WIs., writes: 
**My trees (2247 Apples) arrived on the 4th In fine 
condition and were certainly a nice lot of trees. Wish 
to thank you for all the attention you trave my order.’ 
We recotrnize our responsibility to the fruit grower and we have 
this year issued a novel Wholesale Catalogue with Colored Ilhistra- 
tions that tells the things you ought to know about our business. 
Write for yonr free copy and we will send Free Valuable Folder 
“How to grow Trees and Shinibs.” No order is too big or too small 
for us to handle personally. 
Wee./, | 4BEARING AGE8-FT.TREES, f«r $1.60 
1 llucheKH of Oldenburg’ Apple, 1 Rurtletl .Standard 
introductory Offer: ( pear, 1 MontmoreneySourCherry,! YorkState Friine 
MALONEY BROS. & WELLS CO., 47 E.*t Street. Dan.yille. N. Y^ 
. ir.. whoUsale Xur84rie9 
m » ▼ 
}Ve*r4 responsible; look v/p our rating. Dansvitla*8 Pioneer 1 
Improving a Smoking Fireplace 
Noting Robert II. Smith’s talk about 
chimneys on page 1393 would be grate¬ 
ful if Mr. Smith would give me a reply 
on the following difficulty that I am ex¬ 
periencing. By enclosed rough sketch is 
shown a chimney 34 feet high above the 
ground level and with three square or 
rectangular flues. They are more nearly 
square than oblong. The left flue is for 
the steam boiler in the cellar and works 
to perfection. The center flue is for a 
fireplace in an upstairs room and has 
never been used, so don't know if it works 
or not. The right flue is for fireplace in 
diningroom on ground floor and has an 
offset just under fireplace on second floor 
as shown in sketch. !My trouble is a 
smoking fireplace to such an extent that 
we cannot remain in the room, and after 
several attempts have given up trying to 
use the fireplace, as every time we are 
smoked out. The smoke is not bad, hut 
accumulates to such, aii extent in half an 
hour that we cannot stay in the room 
and have to put the fire out. The chim¬ 
ney extends ample distance above the 
highest point in the roof, and is entirely 
inside the frame of the house, except for 
seven feet or so above the roof. From 
the top to the second floor the inside is 
square, but from where it goes straight 
down at the other end of the offset it 
tapers as shown in sketch. This fireplace 
was originally very shallow, one bi’ick, 
eight inches deep and smoked so badly 
that we had to leave tha room in five 
minutes after lighting the fire. Last Fall 
I had it deepened by extending the fire¬ 
place out into the diningroom so that it 
is now 20 inches deep. This has helped 
wonderfully, hut it still smokes so that 
it is not to be used. The chimney seems 
tight all the way to the top, but for some 
reason there is a hack draft that makes it 
smoke. Do you think the flue is too 
large, and would the trouble be stopped 
by putting in a circular flue part or all 
the way, and shutting off’ the draft around 
the flue’? F. M. P. 
Riverdale, N. J. <• 
While a fire blazing in an open fire¬ 
place lends a cheery, home-like atmos¬ 
phere to a room, its u.sefuluess ends just 
about there. An open fire is very inef¬ 
ficient as a heating machine, as mo.st of 
the heat generated by comhustiou in the 
grate goes up the chimnej’. Not only 
does the open fire waste heat, hut the 
heated air that passes up the chimuey 
must be replaced by cold air from out¬ 
side, making a fire of this kind chiefly 
useful in ventilating and beautifying the 
home, and in these days of scanty fuel 
supplies its use is hardly to be advised. 
There are a number of things that 
might cause this fireplace to smoke. The 
flue may he partially closed by soot or 
fallen bird’s nests in the off-set; flues are 
sometimes rendered inoperative bj’ cob¬ 
webs which must be removed by burning 
or otherv.dse before ji draught can be 
started. It may he that the throat is too 
large, the fireplace opening too high, or 
too shallow, and the fact that deepening 
it has already helped the trouble would 
poiut to this last as a probable cause, 
A rough sketch of a fireplace is shown 
a.s advocated by Ekhlaw in his “Farm 
Structures.” The throat is constricted 
somewhat so that the air is heated higher 
at this point than it otherwise would be, 
thus increasing the draught. A shelf is 
built into the flue at the back, so that de¬ 
scending puffs of air are caught and made 
to rebound back up the chimney instead 
f'f coming out into the room. Extending 
February 16, 1918 
out over the hearth somewhat is a hood 
which also aids iu collecting the waste 
gases and preventing smoke from getting 
into the room. This fireplace is about 26 
inches in height, although sometimes built 
as high as 40 inches between the hearth 
and the roof of the fife chamber. Some 
experimenting with temporary arrange¬ 
ments along the lines described will no 
doubt aid in locating the trouble and 
when once the trouble is determined the 
temporary adjustment can he replaced by 
a permanent one meeting the same condi- 
tion.s. R. H. s. 
! Army Officers’ Equipment 
Do the officers of the IT. S. Army have 
to pay for their own uniforms or does the 
Government give them an allowance to 
buy their uniforms? - o. ir. . 
North Bingham, Pa. 
Officer.s have to provide nearly all their 
own equii)mont and to pay for their own 
food. They buy their uniforms,, bedding 
and cots, etc., and usually their own re¬ 
volvers and j)acks and mess kits, but 
at present, ivhile in this country, the 
revolver.^, field glasses and packs are 
loamKl to them, hut when they go across 
to Franc-e they must provide their own. 
They have certain allowances, such as a 
certain number of rooms, according to 
grade of rank, and heat and light, but 
during the confusion of war those things 
are not certain. lie can buy his equip¬ 
ment from the quartermaster cheaply if 
there is any available. This includes gro¬ 
ceries, etc. lie can buy his boai'd from 
his company mess, but this does not mean 
that the company can draw additional 
rations to make up for it, as the govern¬ 
ment issues only the right number of 
rations for the full total of enlisted men. 
The officer draws 7 cents a mile when 
traveling unless he travels on government 
transport. If he cannot get quarters in 
government buildings he is supposed to 
gi’t $12 a mouth for each room he is en¬ 
titled to, but that provision seems to have 
been suspended for the present. 
Is the Tomato a Fruit or a Vegetable ? 
Will you j)lease settle .a dispute be¬ 
tween A and B. A says the tomato is a 
fruit; li says it is a vegetable. Which 
is correct, and what is the rule that gov¬ 
erns in such cases? U. F. 11. 
Syracuse, N. Y. 
Both A and B are correct in this con¬ 
troversy. P.otanically the tomato is a fruit, 
being the seed and its adjacent tissues, 
science thus upholding A, but common 
usage makes it a vegetable, and this dis¬ 
tinction is upheld by M^'chster’s Una¬ 
bridged Dictionary, which specifically re¬ 
fers to the tomato as a vi’gctable, as dis¬ 
tinguished from the melon, 'berries and 
tree fruits. Broadly speaking, fruits that 
are not used as a dessert are classed as 
vegetables, examples hi’ing ])eppers, cu¬ 
cumbers, eggplants and okras. 
Robin Redbreast and the Cherries 
(Continued from page 228.) 
By this time the cherry season was 
through and the hird^, as usual, took 
their departure for the woods, where 
they remained until the latter part of 
October, and departed foi’ the South. 
Just what good birds are on a farm is 
problematical, hut to my mind it is a 
matter of sentiment rather than practi¬ 
cal usefuluc.ss’. The modern oi’chardist 
with his sprays has little need for the 
birds, and w’ould be infinitely better off 
without them. The destruction they 
cause iu a season is ai)palling, and must 
run in to the millions of dollars in value, 
In these troublesome times of food con¬ 
servation, etc., here is a leak that ought 
to be plugged, but how? Frankly, I 
know of but one way that promises un¬ 
qualified success, and that is to relax onr 
stringent laws as relating to fruit-eating 
birds, and eliminate them to numbers 
that are controllable. Not an indiscrim¬ 
inate slaughter of sougbirds by all who 
choose, mind you, but a privilege con¬ 
fined to the legitimate farmer, fruit 
grower and gardener, and then only 
when birds are caught in the act of de¬ 
spoiling his crops. There will be no need 
of Audubon societies, or anybody else 
casting verbal brickbats at my head for 
expressing this idea of destruction. If 
they have a bettor nlan let them pass it 
right along. I’ll try anything once. 
Ohio. B. 0. T. 
