Uhe RURAL NEW-YORKER 
299 
LIVE STOCK NOTES 
Make Them Pay Promptly 
In a recent issue G. E. II. is right. 
Bond the milk dealers, large and small, 
and make them pay every two weeks. The 
Dairymen’s League ought to know the 
men they deal with. It was expected 
that the League would make them pay 
every two weeks. Instead they have been 
allowed to run in the old way. To say 
they will be more careful in the future 
is not enough. The time to he careful is 
in the start. It is a staggering blow to 
a producer to lose a six-weeks milk bill, 
when he has his help and feed bills to 
meet. The producer cannot escape 
his six-weeks bills. He has to come up 
with the cash or put up gilt-edged 
security, or show unquestioned credit. Let 
us get this milk traffic down to a business 
basis. F. j. D. 
New York. 
Preparing the Young Cow 
On page 166 I read in an article on 
testing cows, how one should massage and 
stretch a heifer’s udder to enlarge it; 
also that she should be properly fed. I 
have a very fine two-year-old grade Hol¬ 
stein due to freshen in about six weeks. 
Her udder ks ileveloping very nicely now. 
I have always been told by old farmers 
never to touch the udder, as it would 
make them cake. I am anxious to have 
as good a cow as po.ssible out of her. 
Would you tell me just how to handle her 
udder, and also what and how much grain 
to feed her? I am feeding her now about 
one quart of ground oats twice a day, 
with plenty of mixed hay. She is in very 
good condition. j. l. R. 
Alpine, N. Y. 
One quart of ground oats twice a day 
is not nearly enough grain for a heifer 
that is expected to develop “as well as 
possible.’’ Two quarts of ground oats 
contain about one-fourth of a i)ound of 
protein and one and seven-tenths of car¬ 
bohydrates and fat. With good mixed 
hay, this is barely a maintenance ration 
for a heifer heavy with calf. I would 
mix 100 lbs. wheat bran, 100 lbs. ground 
oats, 100 lbs. oil meal and 200 lbs. hom¬ 
iny feetl. Of this ration I would feed at 
least 10 pounds per day, just as soon as 
I could bring the heifer up to it gradu¬ 
ally. It is too late to do justice by her, 
but this is about as well as we can do at 
this stage of the game. 
The feed will soon have an effect on 
her udder. It will grow faster and may¬ 
be swell. Then begin to rub it. Never 
mind what the old farmers told you. By 
the way, they told the truth. Feed and 
rubbing will make a heifer’s udder cake— 
and that is just w’hat we want. When 
you find the udder swollen, get. after it, 
and rub the .swelling down. I like to see 
a heifer swell nearly to her front legs. 
Then she looks as though she Would be 
good for .something. I always like to feed 
some roots, mangels preferably, to cows 
and heifers both before and after they 
freshen. Keep their bowels open, at any 
rate. There is absolutely no danger of a 
heifer’s going down with milk fever with 
her first calf, and if the udder is properly 
ma.ssagetl, enough to keep it from getting 
hard, there is no danger of injury. 
When the cords at the sides of the tail 
begin to loo-sen, stop feeding her all grain 
but bran, and give her a pound of epsom 
salts if her bowels are not perfectly 
loose. Bathe her udder Avith Avarm 
water if it is very hard and fevery after 
she freshens. Hot water and hand rub¬ 
bing are better than all greases and pa¬ 
tent dope for the udder. As she begins to 
come to her milk, add some of the pre¬ 
vious feed to the bran, and finally discard 
the hominy for gluten feed, or other high 
protein feed. I think your heifer will 
stand about one pound oif grain for every 
three pounds of milk that she gives. But 
I would feed her at a ratio of one to four 
at first. The roots should be discarded 
also at the time of freshening, and then 
he gradually fed again soon after. 
One should remember that there is very 
little nourishment in the roots, and that 
they are fed more as an appetizer and for 
their beneficial action on the digestive 
organs than for the nourishment that they 
contain. Also remember that when a cow 
is being fed up to something like her 
limit she is more apt to have trouble than 
if she is being fed at only half of her ca¬ 
pacity. Everyone who has run a gas 
engine knows that it requires more atten¬ 
tion if it is being run at its limit. A 
cow is a great deal more delicate and 
complicated machine than a gas engine, 
so it will not do to be careless with her. 
For instance, if the cow is being poorly 
fed and she is giving only a small quan¬ 
tity of milk, it will not matter so much if 
she is not milked regularly; her udder 
will stand it all right, but, on the other 
hand, if the cow is getting about all the 
feed she will stand, and is giving a big 
flow of milk, an hour’s neglect in milking 
t ;:o may cause a badly inflamed udder. 
Dairying is a mighty poor job for the care¬ 
less man, and a mighty interesting one 
for the wideawake, careful fellow. 
J. GRANT MORSE. 
School Law and Education 
Just Making a Showing 
I do not know when I have read any¬ 
thing that pleased me more than your 
Hope Farm note on “Education,” page 
198. You are just right in your state¬ 
ment. I wish it could be widely read. 
As a trustee for 22 years I have tried al¬ 
most in vain to impress upon my asso¬ 
ciates that we needed the very best 
teachers for the primary and grades. Our 
educational machine seem to have but 
one idea, that is, to make a showing, noth¬ 
ing thorough, but only so much ground 
gone over in a certain time. Make teachers 
responsible for a thorough grounding of 
their pupils in the “three Rs” and in 
spelling and geography; then they 
will be fitted to go out into the world 
and do the work that most of them ex¬ 
pect to do, and with a good foundation 
for going higher if it is thought best. Give 
a thorough examination to any number of 
our high school graduates and see hoAv 
many of them make good. 
As to the school law that you are at¬ 
tempting to have repealed, I have yet to 
see a single article on the subject that 
show.s its advantage over the old law. I 
have just seen Dr. Finley’s article in the 
New York Evening Post in its favor. He 
says “With a larger unit of administra¬ 
tion, it will be possible to obtain school 
trustees with larger experience and view¬ 
point.” How does he know this? In fact 
he himself proves its untruth by this 
statement: “The new town board is com¬ 
posed of the men who formerly acted as 
school trustees.” So you have the same 
class of men, but instead of each district 
having its own, five of these same men, 
two from the larger school, and one from 
three of the other districts, only inter¬ 
ested in their own, are to give better re¬ 
sults. I do not wonder that the farmers 
are opposed to the law. 
Long Island. selaii r. strong. 
Unwinding Red Tape 
While it seems quite the thing just at 
present for a few “learned men” to write 
lengthy articles in favor of the present 
school law, I would like to take space 
in your paper to tell what I know about 
this law. 
Contrary to Mr. Van Wagenen, page 
212, I sometim'es consult with lesser 
individuals, like our cheese maker, and 
as he happens to be a member of the 
school board we sometimes talk about the 
workings of the school law. Evidently he 
Avas not elected chairman of the boanl, as 
he does not favor the laAv. 
When people get to talking about the 
efficiency, it is nearer deficiency. 
I live in School District <8, ToAvn of 
West Turin, and it is Unit 1 in the town¬ 
ship administration. Last year we put a 
new floor in our schoolhouse and my 
taxes were This year the school 
was papered and my taxes iPflT, but Ave 
won’t spend time arguing about the ex¬ 
pense. Our .schoolhouse needed papering 
and it needed some plaster. A paper 
hanger was given some dimensions and 
he sent for the paper. Avhen he got here 
to put it on he found that the schoolroom 
Avas a great deal larger than his dimen¬ 
sions. So he had to send for a second lot 
of paper, and come up a second time. 
One small hinge Avas needed on our 
school building. The clerk hired a car 
and drove to my place on a Sunday to 
hire me to put this hinge on. The next 
morning the hinge was sent up to me and 
I spent about 15 minutes going from my 
place to the .schoolhouse and putting this 
hinge on. What did this hinge coat? We 
had 14 cords of dry wood in the school- 
house when I turned the books over. I 
was told we would get credit for it, but I 
can’t see where we have. 
Maybe the salaries of the clerks are 
from .$50 to .$500, but in an adjoining 
town is .$600 and our contract is for .$100 
with an expense clause, which gives ela.s- 
ticity to the salary. 
It is true Ave have had only five months 
of this laAV, bqt. is it not enough? 
We people out here tn the country are 
willing to provide a good schoolhouse, 
good teachers and .anything that is rea¬ 
sonable, but Ave don’t believe in extremes. 
LeAvis Co., N. Y. aebkrt j. miller. 
Roaring 
What causes a horse to sweat too 
freely and breathe fast in cold weather? 
The horse seems to be healthy. He is a 
good eater and drinker and Avhen ho 
SAveats he stops to rest and take breath. 
Ohio. B. e. 
Obstruction of the Avindpipc, or dis¬ 
ease of the larynx, causing “roaring” 
may induce SAveating from distress Avhen 
pulling a load. A tight collar also is a 
possible cause. More often, hoAvever. the 
affected horse is soft from over-feeding 
and lack of Avork or exercise, and usually 
is more or less afflicted with indigestion. 
Clip the hair from the legs above knees 
and hocks, and from the belly to a line 
with the straps of the breast collar and 
breeching, and the SAveating Avill stop. 
Lessen rich feed and have the horse AVork 
or take plenty of outdoor exercise every 
day. _ A. s. A. 
Cowpox 
What is the cause and remedy for pim¬ 
ples or sores Avhich folloAV in rapid suc¬ 
cession on the teats of my cow? The 
ailment has been going on for about three 
months. - b. t. 
If you have several coavs and but one 
affected, the trouble is a local one orig¬ 
inally due to infection of a slight wound 
or abrasion of the skin and spreading of 
the infection in the connective tissue. If 
several are affected the disease is cowpox, 
Avhich is contagious, and carried from 
cow to COAV by the milker’s hands. I.so- 
late the cow. Tmmer.se the teats for a 
few seconds tAvice daily in a solution of 
all the boric acid hot water will dissolve, 
then dry gently and apply iodine ointment 
to the sores. a. s. a. 
How to double! 
the life of your engine 
T he life of your engine—whether in 
motor car, truck or tractor—depends 
on the lubrication it receives. 
Any well-built engine can run, after a 
fashion, for weeks, sometimes for months, 
on inferior oil—but with rapidly decreas¬ 
ing efficiency. And then come troubles, 
in endless succession; worn and broken 
parts, requiring costly replacements, and, 
finally, the scrap heap. 
Do you want this to happen to your 
engine? 
Sediment in ordinary oil means wear 
Ordinary oil causes rapid wear because it 
breaks down under the terrific heat of the 
engine—200® to 1000®F. — forms large quanti¬ 
ties of black sediment and evaporates rapidly 
through the oil filler pipe. 
Sediment is the greatest cause of friction 
and consequent shortened life of automobile, 
tractor and stationary engines. It crowds 
out the good oil that should form a 
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protecting film between moving metal 
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How the sediment problem 
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For years prominent engineers and 
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ing which would produce a lubricating 
oil that would not break down and form 
sediment under the heat of the engine, 
and that would give greater mileage due to 
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The result of their research was the discovery of the 
Faulkner Process. By this process—exclusively u.sed 
by this company—was produced Veedol, the lubricant 
that resists heat. 
An 80-page book on lubrication for 10c 
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