RURAL NEW-YORKER 
Part II. 
Applesi —^Tlip Doacon .Tones apple is 
being planted in New York, and wherever 
grown it is valued because of productive¬ 
ness, annual Ix'aring and handsome ap¬ 
pearance of fruit. The culture of De¬ 
licious is rapidlj’ being extended in all the 
iil)ple districts of the United States. In 
the East and Northeast it is smaller and 
less well colored than in the Noi thwest, 
but the rich., distinctive flavor of the va¬ 
riety is retained and many growers are 
finding it jirofitable. Opalescent is one 
of the most beautiful of all ai)ples in 
sliap(', color and size, and the trees are 
hardy, vigorous and productive. Suscep¬ 
tibility to hlight is a fault that may bar it 
from common cultivation. Perfect is-an 
improved Baldwin, and is .superior to the 
Baldwin in the northern limits for the 
culture of this variety. King David is 
similar to .Tonathan, and is an improve¬ 
ment on it in the Northeastern States. 
•I’KACHES.— Niagara is a peach of the 
Crawford type which ripens a little later 
than Early Crawford, averages larger, is 
borne more abundantly and holds its size 
bett(*r to the end of the s«*ason. Iloches- 
ter is another imacli of the Ciau-ford 
type which is rapidly finding favor in 
peach jdantalions in New York. The 
trees are extremely protluctive ;ind the 
handsome a[)i»earance, high quality and 
earliness of the peach make it ceihain 
that this variety is to have a place in 
peach culture. .T. H. Hale is of the El- 
berta type in several characteristics, as 
size, hand.some appoarnnce, shipping qual¬ 
ities and po.ssibly quality. If the trees 
pi'ove as productive and as generally 
adapted to peach regions as the Elberta 
the J. II. Halo may supplant the better- 
known variety in many peach i’egh)ns. 
Plums. —The culture of Damson i)lums 
is increasing year by year. French, a 
comparatively new sort, is much better 
than the commonly grown Shropshire, 
surpassing it in size, quality and in hard¬ 
iness and i)roductiveness of tia'es. Other 
good i)lums wortliy of testing are Middle- 
buig, Tennant, and the little Mirabelle, 
so popular in Europe. 
CiiKRUiKH. —Schmidt is a large, glossy, 
black sweet cherry of highest quality, free 
from brown rot, and 2 >roduc<‘d on a tree 
of extraordinary vigor and productiveness. 
Lambert is another black sweet c-herry 
of-handsome aj)pearanc*e and highest qual¬ 
ity, which-is well worth testing, either for 
home or market, wherever .sweet cherries 
can d)e grown. Heine llortense is .a sour 
cherry, admirably fittisl for home planta¬ 
tions. The trees .-ire small hut wonder¬ 
fully prodiutive, and very regular in 
bearing. The cherries ar(‘ excellent in 
quality, large, hand.some and 'hang long 
on the trees. 
Graphs.—O f the seven grapes that 
have been nnmtioned in previous articles 
on new fruits, four at least are Avorth 
planting by both commercial and anniteur 
glowers. Berckman.s is an impi’OvtHl Del¬ 
aware, not quite so good in quality, but 
the vines are hardier, more productive 
and the fruit keeps and .ships better than 
Delaware. Ecliiise can be unqualifiedly 
recommendwl to all grape growers. The 
vines are not surpas.st'd by those of any 
other variety in han-diness, healthiness 
and jn-oductiveness. The fruit resembles 
Goncord in b\inch jvuid Imrry, but is bet¬ 
ter in quality and ripens earlier. Secre¬ 
tary is an old sort that ought not to bo 
lost to cultivation. The fruit is of c'cceed- 
ingly high (piality, and- the bunches are 
large and* handsome. The variety will 
hardly do for commercial plantations, 
since the vines lack a little in hardiness, 
vigor and jiroductiveuess, but the high 
(luality of the fruit commends' it to all 
amateurs. Empire fitate is another old 
sort which surpasses Niagara, Avith which 
it must be compared. It is of the same 
color, but far better in quality, and may 
be kept longer. It ripens a little later 
than Niagara, and falls short of this sort 
only in the smaller size of bunch and 
berry. 
Raspiikuries. —Fruit growing is mak¬ 
ing history in these days in the production 
of improved raspberries. .Tune is the 
earliest of all. and one of the best red 
-i-ncnrc) in (.ualiiy .■iiid plant cl'.irac- 
ters. Plum Farmer promises to supiilant 
the old and well-known (Ji-egg, beings 
as handsome, as high in quality and 
ripening a Aveek in advance of Gregg. 
Black Pearl is another black raspberry 
of the same season as Plum Farmer, re¬ 
markable for its hardiness, while the 
bushes are about all that could iie d(v 
sired in vigor and productiveness. ]Marl- 
don is a red raspberry, Avhich, because of 
hardiness, vigor and productiveness, and 
the large size and handsome color of the 
fruit, is Avoi-thy of very general trial. 
Empire is pos.sibly the most remarkable of 
the new red raspberries, having hardiness, 
productiveness, A-igor of bush, healthiness 
and large, handsome, firm, Avell-flavored 
fruits as its chief assets. 
Gooskhekries and Currants.—^’ hese 
are much neglected fruits. Pos.sibly fruit 
growers and those aa-Iio plant for home use 
could have their interest i-eawakened by 
planting some of the new bush fruits, sev¬ 
eral of Avhich are great improvements over 
old varieties in almost every character 
that can be named. Thus Poorman, Chau¬ 
tauqua and Indu.stry gooseberries are .su¬ 
perior in all resi<ects to the older Hough¬ 
ton and Downing of the gardens. Perfec¬ 
tion, Diploma and Chautauqua currants, 
in their tui-.n', surpass most of the older 
varieties of their kind. 
Stkawi!EI!ries. —At least seven new 
strawberries have been introduced iii' the 
past few ye.ii-i that every strawberry 
grower ought to te.st in his garden. Spa(;e 
does not permit a characterization of 
these, and to name them must sufli(,-e. 
These are, not in order of merit, however. 
Prolific, Che.-apeake, Indiana, Barry¬ 
more, Amanda, Good Luck and Ford. 
tr. )•. HEDRICK. 
Geneva (N. Y.) Exp. Station. 
Repairing Orchard Damage 
Part II. 
Other Winter 'rRorni.E.s.—Trunk 
scald or sumscald is auotlier bad feature 
due to too sudden thawing when the Avood 
is frozen, Avith the effect of loosening the 
bark on the sunny side of the trunk from 
the ground up to the limbs. It is not often 
noticeable until Spring. We have ob¬ 
served this form of scald injury follow¬ 
ing tip certain limbs for a distance. Tlie 
only thing to do is to cut back to the parts 
unairected, apply thick paint to tlie un¬ 
covered AVood, and a fair thickness of 
grafting Avax to the bark edges to assist 
in the healing proee.ss. For a more com¬ 
plete restoration, bridge-grafting is also 
advisable Avhere it can be done. The ex¬ 
cessive and unprecedented cold Aveatlier of 
the present AVinter -has -brought to the 
front a compai-atively neAV trouble in the 
orchards of the Noith, namely, the split¬ 
ting of trees by the frost. It does not look 
good to see the trunks of so many fine, 
perfect trees of bearing age broken open 
with one, tAvo or three Avide splits reach¬ 
ing into the lieiirtAVood. It is an attack 
upon their longevity, besides instituting 
the ncAV danger of breaking doAvn Avhen 
bearing a heavy crop. AVe note that most 
fre(|uently breaks occur Avhere tree.s Avere 
alloAved to groAV in crotchy form from the 
joint to the ground, a potent argument 
against this form of training. AA^hilc aa-c 
have a little of that trouble every AA<'in- 
tei-,-there has never been so much ns this 
year. As to what to do, most of us prob¬ 
ably will not do anything. AA’'hen trees 
again become normal these broken jilaces 
Avill close, though not sufficiently to ex¬ 
clude moisture. Good practice Avould in¬ 
dicate that in the {Spring the dried edges 
of the siilit should 'be freshened Avith a 
knife and- grafting Avax be firmly applied ; 
it Avill quicken healing or covering groAvth 
and keep out the Avater. 
Taa^g hltoht or fire blight is pretty 
discouraging to look at. It is not rem¬ 
ediable by spraying and it is pi-actically 
impossible to secure every germ by cut¬ 
ting and disinfection. It does not attack 
every variet.v Avith eqtial virulence, but 
seems to prefer Avorkiug in the more vig¬ 
orous trees of succulent and tender 
(Continued on page o72.) 
“For the Land’s Sake, use BoAvker’s 
Fertilizers; they enrich the earth and 
those Avho tMl it."—< de. 
Burpee’s Select Seed Potatoes 
POTATOES, while a very large item of food in America, have 
never been fully appreciated. Potatoes contain sugar, starch, 
alcohol, nitrogen and mineral matter, all of which go to make 
them a most necessary article of food. Germany is holding 
the world by reason of her potato crop, which is one of the 
main sources of supply both for her people and her animals. 
Green Mountain or State of Maine 
Burpee’s Annual for 1918 lists some thirteen varieties of early, mid-season 
and late potatoes. We have been most fortunate in securing a very select 
stock of Green Mountain, which is probably the best known and most 
popular mid-season to late potato. An excellent variety for storage. 
Last year many of our customers failed to get potatoes, by reason of late 
ordering. We advise everyone who contemplate planting potatoes to 
order at once to avoid disappointment. All varieties have been grown 
and stored under the most favorable conditions. 
Seed Cora 
Seed Corn of all varieties is short crop and extremely scarce. We have a 
fair stock of all varieties that we catalog, but can particularly recommend 
our select strain of Cloud’s Yellow Dent, Improved Learning; Reid’s 
Yellow Dent and White Cap Dent. 
CORN like the potatoes should be ordered at once to aAmid disappointment. 
Write today for Burpee’s Annual, The Leading American Seed Catalog. 
Just ask on a postal card for the Burpee Book No. 11. 
W. ATLEE BURPEE & CO. 
Seed Growers 
Philadelphia 
Seed Corn that will Grow 
SELECTED EARLY MASTODON SEED CORN 
The best ensilage Corn for New York, 
Pa., Ohio and Southern Ncav England. 
Large amount of foliage that stays 
green until har\"ested. 
One to two large ears corn to each 
stalk. Its all corn. 
Bushel, $4.2S 10 Bushels, $40.00 
New two bushel sacks, 2Sc. each 
Check with order. VA'^e have other good kinds 
both flint and dent. Send for list. 
E. MANCHESTER & SONS 
WINSTED ... CONN. 
CloverSeed 
Onr higli grades of Grass seeds ai-e the most eare- 
fnlly selected and rooleaned. Highest in Purity 
and Germination. We Pay the freight. Catalog 
and Samples Free if you mention this paper. 
CLICKS SEIW FARMS, Smoketown, Lancuter Co., Pa. j 
Our seeds are selected and cleaned to 
be Wkkdlkss and free from dead grains. 
Tliey will go much fartlier than ordinary 
field seeds, nearly always adding enough to 
the crop to pay for theiuselvoa Samples and 
catalog includIng“llow to KnowOoodSseds”free. 
Write today. U.U.SOOrT* 80X3 00., SO Uain 8t„Hary>TllU.O. 
Buy them from Breck’s, the century old 
seed house, specializing in haidy New 
England Stock. 
JbsEwiiiaic&Sois 
Boston ^Asa 
EvERYTHtNG 
FOR THE 
Farm. 
Garden 
jVND 
[ AWN 
Breck’s Ofew Cr^la^xd (Jrown 
^Jelloio Qlobe Danvers Onion 
Send at once for 
this specialty. 
SENT FREE WITH ORDER 
It is the most highly selected onion ever ])roduced; 
Uniform in size, small neck, almost a perfect globe, 
of firm flesh, finely grained and absolutely solid 
throughout—winter storage and keeping qualities are far su¬ 
perior to onions of same kind groAvn from AVestern 
or California Seed. Our Massachusetts’ groAA-ii stock is 
noted for high germination. Tests show average of 8851. 
Yields of 800 to 1000 bushels to the acre 
repeatedly secured. 
V/rite today. Immediate deliveries guaranteed. By the 
I)ackage 26c.—per ounce 86c. I'lease mention this luaKazine. 
