572 
^he RURAL NEW-YORKER 
April i;3, 1918 
Spriag 
Clean-Up 
¥f Wite PatwV 
P^intf m$ncf Difinfocti 
Priet White 
of poTiltrj- houses, dairies, stables, creameries, cellars, factories, garages, out¬ 
buildings, etc., can be done with less labor, in less time, and you will get bet¬ 
ter results if you will use Oirbola instead of whitewash and disinfectants. Be¬ 
sides painting a clear snow-white Carbola also kills lice, mites, fly-eggs, etc., and prevents 
thei^erms of contagioiLs diseiises that affect poultry, livestock and human beings, from 
getting a foot-hold and spreading in your buildings. 
Carbola is used by thousands of poultrymen, dairymen and farmers—by the man with a 
few chickens in the backyard, by the largest poultry farms in the country, by Exp>eriment 
Stations, by farmers with just a few cows, and by dairy and stock farms with herds of 
tliree or four hundred—and Carlxda gives such satisfactory results, is so c-onvenient to use, 
tliateven though every day brings new customers, over half our sales go to jieople who have 
had Carbola before. It makes no difference how large or how small your plant is, 
Cfirlwla will make your work easier. 
Carbola will increase the light in your buildings,—brighten up dark cor¬ 
ners;^—make them sweet-smelling and sanitary—putthem in shape to pass 
the inspection of milk company or health authorities—improve their ap¬ 
pearance. Poultry and live stock never produce their best in dirty, 
dark and gloomy living quarters. The liberal use of Carbola means 
more dollars and cents in your pocket. 
Cjirbola is a flnely-ix)wdered, snow-white, mineral pig¬ 
ment combined with a germicide many times stronger 
than pure carljoiic acid but not poisonous or caustic. It 
can be applied to W'ood, brick, stone or cement, or over 
wliitewash just as soon as it is mixed with water—no 
waiting, straining or bother. Use a brush or spray pump 
to put iton. One gallon covers about 250 square feet. Will 
not blister, flake or peel off. Has no disagreeable otlor to 
taintmilkorother food products. Doesnotspoil by stand¬ 
ing so can be kept re;idy to use when wanted or ona rainy 
•lay. Harmless to smallest chick and to stock that lick it. 
The dry powder is an unexcelled lice powder for use on 
poultry, horses, cattle or liogs. Give it a trial. 
10 lbs. (10 gals.) $1 and postage 20 lbs. (20gals.) $2 delivered 
50 lbs. (50 gals.) $4 delivered 
Trial package and interesting booklet for 25c postpaid. 
Your hnrdware, Keed, pa^nt or drug dealer liae Car¬ 
bola or can get If not, order direct—shipment f»i 
parcel post or express the day order is received. 
r 
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IDept. R 7 East 42nd Street 
New York 
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BELLOWS FALLS, VT, 
Portland, Ore. Salt Lake City, Utah 
Oakland, Cal. 
All Sorts 
Sorting Bartlett Pears with Grader 
If any of your readers have sorted 
Bartlett pears .sueee.s.sfully with an ap¬ 
ple grader, will tliey give the name of 
the grader used? D. D. s. 
Oswego, N. Y. 
We have never used a grader on Bart¬ 
lett pears. Kleffer works fairly well on a 
type which is not now on the market be¬ 
cause it handles apples too roughly. 
This type has rings of various sizes and 
passes the fruit from one to another until 
it finds one it can drop through. The 
fruit gets a little bump every time it is 
passed along, and each bump leaves a 
little bruise, so a big apple may have a 
good many bruises on it by the time it 
gets to the barrel. 
Apple graders are of two general types, 
those which weigh the fruit and those 
w’hieh measure it. The weighing ma¬ 
chines should work well on pears. Thei’O 
are three types of measuring machines; 
those which test the fruit on rings of 
fixed .size; those which place the fruit 
in a ring or cup which becomes larger 
until the fruit drops through; and those 
which try the fruit between a roller and 
a moving belt until it finds a place where 
it can drop through. The first of these, 
the ring type, is useful mainly where 
speed is desired and where slight bruising 
does no great harm. Unless very com¬ 
plex, all machines of this type make tlie 
largest fruit travel the farthest on a 
rough road. Machines of the second or 
expanding cup type are very satisfactory 
for apples, hut lack cajiacity in handling 
small fruit, and do not do very accurate 
W’ork on long fruit, such as pears or 
Gilliflower apples. They can handle only 
so many apples a minute whether they are 
two or four inches in diameter. The best 
of these machines is not on the market 
now because of patent law troubles, but 
there are several others wdiich are giving 
good satisfaction. This is the best type 
to use for applea Machines of the belt 
and roller type are not well suited for 
apples because they are apt to measure 
the distance from stem to blossom ends 
instead of at right angles to this. They 
are giving good service in the packing of 
peaches, tomatoes, oranges, etc., and would 
probably be best for pears. A. c. w. 
A South Jersey Farm Statement 
I have read the article, “Sales from a 
Small Farm,” on page 412, and I thought 
it T ^uld be interesting to .some of your 
readers to know what a farm was produc¬ 
ing in this section. A short time ago I 
was called in by a neighboring farmer to 
help him figure his income tax, and from 
memory I give the following figures: 
Total net I’cceipts (after deduct¬ 
ing freight, cartage and ex- 
pressagel .. 
Expenses— 
Labor..$2,100 
Materials and supi)lies 
(fertilizers, manure, 
etc.) 
Feed.,. Til.T 
Hampers, baskets, crate.s 1,250 
Wear, tear, repairs and 
depreciation . 750 
- 6,175 
Total net income. $6,725 
On this net income this farmer paid an 
income tax of $157. 
The farm consists of 45 acres and has 
about 2,500 peach trees on it. The crops 
grown are early corn (roasting ears), 
peas, beans, tomatoes, horseradish and 
peaches. The crops are sent to New York 
and Brooklyn by freight, expi’ess and auto 
truck and are sold on commission by mer¬ 
chants there. The prices for the crops 
last year were good and run about as fol¬ 
lows : 
Peas, per bushel.$1.50 to $.5.00 
Bean.s, per bushel. 1.50 to .3.00 
Corm per 100 ears. 1.50 to 3.25 
Tomatoes, per crate holding 
% bushel. 1.00 to 2.00 
Peaches, per crate holding 
% bushel. 1.75 to 3..50 
Horseradish, per lb.05 to .08 
On this farm the owner and his hired 
man do all the work except when the 
crops are gathered, when Italians gather 
them, doing it by piece work. There is 
practically nothing to do on this farm 
from October 15 to March 1 except hauling 
five to six cars of mauure and a car of 
fertili'/er. and from observation I believe 
this kind of farming is about the easiest 
and nets the most money per acre of any 
kind I know. I might add this farm was 
bought by the present ow’ner eight years 
ago for ,$4,500, but it was without fruit. 
Burlington Co., N. J. T.P. A- 
Concrete for Roof and Tank 
We have an eight-foot piazza ou the 
south side of our ell, closed at the east 
and west ends by other buildings. The 
rafters are about nine feet long and have 
an incline of about two feet in this 
length. The roof is shingled but has 
leaked during a heavy shower from the 
first. The pow from the ell roof, which 
is slated, slides onto the piazza roof, and 
has to be_ kept shoveled off, or it i.s liable 
to form ice and cause the water to set 
back under the shingle.s. Taken alto¬ 
gether, it is very unsatisfactory. What is 
the best material for this piazza roof? 
Tin is out of the question. Hlate has all 
the disadvantages of shingles, with the 
additional one of breakage. I.s it prac¬ 
tical to use Portland cement? I have 
thought of covering the present roof with 
small-meshed chicken fence wire, drive a 
few nails, leaving the heads out half an 
inch or so, and then cover with about an 
inch of cement. Will this give a satisfac¬ 
tory roof? .Some of The R. N.-Y. f.amily 
should be able to tell. 
We have a cistern in the attic limal 
with what was supposed to be first qual¬ 
ity sheet copper. This took to leaking in 
a few years, and was found to be com¬ 
pletely honeycombed in some places. I 
was advised to paint the inside with a 
mixture of two parts cement and one of 
fine flour. I first tried a stiff brush, but 
found I could not do a good job. I then 
made a thick paste and applie<l with a 
trowel, using as little as I could and 
cover. This was several years ago, and 
the tank has not leaked since. 
Massachusetta l. f. gray. 
R. N.-T.—Some years ago a number of 
our people described their plan of using 
cement for a roof. They were well 
pleased with the results, although there 
were a few reports of cracking. Recent- 
b' there have not been many reports of 
this work, and we do not know whether 
thf'se roofs gave full satisfaction or not 
after several years of use. We would 
like to have the experience of our readers 
in this matter. We might obtain advice 
based ou theory, but we prefer to have 
actual experience from those who have 
tried these roofs through a terra of yeara 
About the “Bugless” Potato 
The North Dakota Experiment Station 
states that some of the Western farm 
papers are adviu’tising a so-called “bug¬ 
less potato.” It is claimed that while 
these plants are not absolutely free from 
bug.s, they are immune to some extent, so 
that poi.son spraying is not necessary. 
The “hugless” potato was tested in North 
Dakota aud it was found that in spite of 
one spraying, the leaves were stripped 
off the vines by the late-batcbed bugs. 
The potato itself wa.s not uniform in size 
or appearance. In fact, the lot seemed 
to be mixi'd up. Everyone who has ex¬ 
perimented with different potato varieties 
knows that they differ more or leas in 
their ability to withstand the bug. For 
instance, the Rural New-Yorker No. 2 
variety has a hard, leathery foliage which 
the bugs do not like as well as they do 
the leaves of more tender varieties. Thus 
has been noticed frequently, but there is 
no variety so far reported which is so 
tough and hard that the bugs c;annot and 
will not destroy it if left unsprayed. The 
bugless potato may sell as a novelty to 
tliose who are trying to escape work, but 
our advice is to buy the beat yielding po¬ 
tato that we know of and fight the bug in 
the same old way. Do not bank on the 
hope that the bugs will enforce a potato¬ 
less day! __ 
Left-hand Plows 
Knowing that you favor both sides of 
a question, I thought I would appeal to 
you in regard to what W. II. Arnold had 
to say concerning the discontinued man¬ 
ufacture of left-hand plows. In theory 
or in practice I ask what is the differ¬ 
ence? Only that mold-board and hitch- 
board and hitch are turned to the left in¬ 
stead of right.' The same make of plow 
in right or left-hand style have the same 
turn in the mold-board. Take a sulky 
two-furrow, two-way plow. Here you 
have a plow with the left and right-hand 
mold-board. You throw the furrows all 
one way, and w'hcn you get done you c-an- 
not tell which is the left-hand mold¬ 
board’s work from the i-ight. I am not 
talking from the manufacturer’s jaiint. 
but from the work I have seen done, and 
what I have done myself. It is mostly 
what a man gets usecl to, but if a plow¬ 
man knows how to set bis plow, no mat¬ 
ter wlmt he prefers, I cannot see where 
the quality or convenience in the left- 
hand plow is. Surely the manufacturer 
knows which plow seems to give the best 
satisfaction and of which they sell the 
largest quantity. The men who use these 
jilows are able to reason these facts out. 
I know what you may expect from a plow 
that is adjusted right. J. H, newton. 
Long Island. 
