654 
RURAL NEW-YORKER 
J 
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I F YOU are building a home, a 
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Lumber Co., Inc. 
Main St., N. Tonawanda, N.Y. 
Price Regulators of 
BUILDING 
MATERIAL 
[ 
MISCELLANEOUS 
Flintstone 
Farm 
Breeders of — 
Milking Short>horn Cattle 
Belgian Draft Horses 
Berkshire Swine 
Rhode Island Red Poultry 
Battles are won through preparation in 
anticipation of what is coming. 
Demand for pure bred livestock has 
never been greater. The Eiiro[)ean 
after war demand will be enormous. 
A sire purchased now should return 
you record dividends. 
Let us send you extended pedigrees 
and information about our animals. 
Dalton 
Massach usetts 
WALGROVE HERD 
MRKEVG SHORTHORNS 
Premier dual-purpose cattle of the world. 
Over fifty head in hei d. All registered stock. 
Many imported. Satisfaction guaranteed. 
WALNUT GROVE FARM, - Washinglonville, N. V. 
The beef breed for profit. Reduce cost 
for labor and equipment. Eas.v feedei-s. 
Circular free with pictures and particu¬ 
lars. 0. W. EOKAKIIT, 31 Nassau St.. Niw York 
Angus 
ForSale-S’sJRTDYearling Ewes 
due to drop Iambs thisSpring. Selected especially for 
Eastern Farm conditions. E.wes can be examined at 
BuffaloStockYards. Price,$21. F.O.B. Buffalo,N.Y. 
INTEIISTATE MTESXOOK COMPANT, In«.. Selkirk, N. T. 
c 
HORSES 
ForSale-ANicePair of Mares 
seven and eight years old: in good shape; weigh 
about 1,600; very gentle; a chance to secure a good 
pair; price, $550. J. E. GILLETTE, Box 4, Belle Mead, N. J. 
SHETLAND PONIES 
We sell on the INSTALLMENT plan. 2UU head to 
select from. Herd established 1891. Send 10c 
for contract and price list. Address Dept. L 
_ THE 8HADY8IDE FARMS, North Benton, 0. 
For Sale-Black and White Shetland Pony Mare 
1 year old. A beauty. S65. 
Willow Spring Farm, R. No. 36, Port Byron, N. Y. 
ShetlandPonie & 
herd in biggest Shetland Producing County in C. S. 
DOGS 
Airedales and Collies i 
pups, grown dogs, and brood matrons. Large in- 
strnctive list, 5c. W. R. WATSON, Box 1745, Oakland, Iowa 
For Sale-Farm-Raised Purebred Airedale Puppies 
born .laiiuary 2G, $10 to $15. Female, SB; female, 10 
mouths, $10. Albert Newton, Dummerston, Vermont 
ii 
1 
ill 
II1 
11 
Essex Swine • 
Will you give me some information in 
regard to the lOssex hog? In this section 
a hog weighing 200 to 250 pounds tops 
the market, and as I understand it, the 
Essex being smaller framed than Poland 
China, O. I. C. and Duroc. would fatten 
up to 250 pounds quicker than the above 
named big type hogs. A. l. t. 
Columbus, O. 
Type rather than breed modifies feeding 
qualities in swine. It is possible to find 
good as well as inferior specimens in 
every recognized breed. However, certain 
breeders ghave emphasized peculiar quali¬ 
ties in the type of animal they produce, 
and likewise the various breeds are be¬ 
lieved to represent certain achievements 
in form or function that more than justi¬ 
fies their existence. 
The 1‘olaud China has lon„ been fam¬ 
ous for its early maturing quality for its 
spacious hams and its excellent feeding 
and fleshing qualities. Some believe that 
its refinement was clearly overdrawn ia 
time past, and that the size of litters has 
been a disappointment in many cases. 
Here again type is more important than 
mere breed. 
Within restricted districts in New York 
State, likewise in Ohio and other sec- 
dcrous business! A smart and fearless 
dog would keep them off, but the cat is a 
sly animal and will watch patientl.v for 
her chance. We hear of a man who had 
several .shrubs and trees on his lawn, 
which w'cre wonders for size and beauty. 
When asked what. fertilizer he used he 
looked wise, and as though he had a 
patent. Each shrub had a bird-killing 
cat quietly buried beside it! 
Lunch Time for a Happy Family 
tions of the corn belt, the Essex breed has 
gained a general community admiration. 
It is refined, prolific and attractive, a 
good feeder, and delivers a carcass nicely 
marbled and Avell fleshed. Selected rep¬ 
resentatives of this breed, developed for 
utility and meat-making propensities, will 
not prove disappointing to A. L. T. Re¬ 
member, however, that it is not a con¬ 
structive policy to be repeatedly chang¬ 
ing breeds of live stock. One might bet¬ 
ter stay with one breed and thus demon¬ 
strate to his entire satisfaction that he 
is right or wrong. The corn belt farm¬ 
er’s one prevailing tendency is to change 
breeds or types with too much frequency. 
In England or France one seldom hear.s 
of a farmer changing breeds. He build.s 
up constructively. F. C. MIXKLER. 
The Song Bird and the Cat 
I am very fond of birds; they not only 
keep the worms reduced in the garden, 
but they act as little watch dogs, telling 
me of the approach of anyone. I am 
alone all day and take much pleasure in 
listening to their songs and watching 
them. I made places on the barns for 
them to build their nests. This Spring a 
pair of phmbes came. They h;id their 
nest about half comiileted and Mrs. 
Pheebe disappeared. Mr. Phoebe took 
another; she worked about two days on 
her nest and she disappeared. After sev¬ 
eral days IMr. Phoebe found a third ; she 
lived to build her nest, laid two eggs and 
she disappeared also. After much calling 
and flying about Mr. Phoebe found No. 4; 
they lived together about a week, then 
Mr. 1‘hoebe goes. The fate of my song 
sparrows, bluebirds, goldfinches, chicka¬ 
dees, robins and other birds is about the 
same as the phoebes. 
I have lived in this vicinity six years. 
I have no trouble keeping our barns and 
hou.se free from mice and rats. I do not 
keep a cat; my neighbors keep anywhere 
from two to a dozen cats. The questiop 
is, how shall I protect my birds? Can 
you suggest any way? mbs. o. a. w. 
New Y'ork. 
R. N.-Y.—"We do not know of any way 
except to kill the cats which do this mur- 
cally used in pork production. A Cornell 
bulletin has been issued on the subect, 
and it is interesting to note that it says: 
“It seems better to abandon altogether 
the habit of giving dishwater to hogs. Al¬ 
though the feeding of garbage is generally 
condemned, the scraps of vegetables and 
table refuse could, perhaps, if properly 
collected, be used with safety. But cer¬ 
tainly pure water is a much more whole¬ 
some drink, even for swine, than dirty 
dishwater. 'When the subject of ‘sAvill 
feeding’ as a business is studied, and the 
conditions as they exist are understood, 
the wonder is not that .some of the hogs 
die, hut rather that any /if them live.’’ 
-W. J. 
Caring for Surplus Meat Stock 
We get many bits of information from 
the pag<‘s of The R. N.-Y. and I have 
tested the various ways of canning moat 
which came in answer to my request two 
years ago. Now I would like to know 
whether any of our friends have ever 
tried canning the surplus stock from 
cooking meat, and if so how did they man¬ 
age to have it keep? I have tried can¬ 
ning it boiliug hot from the kettle, but 
after a few days it would smell old and 
unfit for use. As we all know, at butch¬ 
ering time there are many small pieces 
of meat that have to be soaked and 
cooked. Sometimes more stock is left 
than we can use immediately ; if it could 
be canned for future use it would help 
out for a meat dish for dinner, minus 
the meat, in making a pie, soup or dump¬ 
lings. In this day of high meats we need 
to save it all. I crack the hones of 
chickens, turkey or hoof, after the first 
meal, set back on the range, and when 
I am going to have a fire let them boil 
half a day, strain the stock, add what 
little scraps of meat came from the bones 
before boiling (take a knife and scrape 
them) then add what I like for soup; 
barley, rice, and sometimes .shred a little 
cabbage, chop a little potato and add a 
' little tomato, season to taste.. It makes 
a fine soup. When people like all these 
vegetables, I proportion the vegetables 
according to the amount of soup I make 
so have no set rule, and I sometimes add 
a handful of macai’oui. 
May 4, 1918 
There is never any waste from my 
kitchen. When bread is getting stale I 
beat up a couple of eggs, add a little salt 
and milk, dip the bread and fry a nice 
brown on the griddle; that with cake or 
fried cakes, coffee and sometimes a cer¬ 
eal, makes our breakfast on a farm. 
Other times, when cooking chicken, or a 
small piece of beef, I break the dry 
bread, add salt, popper, sage if liked, and 
a little butter, wet thoroughly with the 
stock from the kettle, put in a small bak¬ 
ing dish, bake brown and see if it does 
not taste good. ,e. a. h. 
Hogs and Dishwater 
It does not pay to take a chance feed¬ 
ing hogs .swill which contains strong soap 
or .some of the washing powders. This 
is particularly true of dishwater which 
may contain washing powder or soap. The 
writer is convinced that table .slop of 
this nature caused the death of a brood 
sow. Table refuse now fed to hogs is 
carefully scraped from the plates, kettles 
or utensils, and .soapy water is thrown 
away. This trouble also occurs in feed¬ 
ing hotel slops, which In many instances 
have caused loss of hogs because of the 
harmful contents in the dishwater. If it 
were possible to have the table scraps 
kojit separate from the dishwater, hotel 
and restaurant refuse could be economi- 
AILING ANIMALS 
Toughening the Shoulders 
^ I have read at some time in The II. 
N.-Y. of a wash to use on hor.sc.s’ shoul¬ 
ders to toughen them before putting them 
into hard work. What was this remedy? 
New York. e. X. V. 
Rathe the shoulders three times dail.v 
with cold water containing a teaspoonfiil 
of common salt to the pint, and go on 
using the solution after the horse is at 
work. Some people prefer a similar solu¬ 
tion of alum, or employ a strong tea of 
white oak bark. If the shoulders are a 
trifle .sore a solution of one teaspoonRil of 
tannic or gallic acid to the pint of cold 
water is u-seful. Have the collar fit, ad¬ 
just it properly and keep it clean. 
Hemorrhagic Septicemia 
I would like to know what “hemorrhagic 
septicemia’’ of cattle is. Is it very con¬ 
tagious and what causes it? Will vac¬ 
cinating euro it and also prevent it? 
There is quite a good deal of it around in 
this country, and I have lost several cattle. 
They are affected with scours, which turn 
into bloody scours. How long will the 
vaccine last and will they have it more 
than once? r,. t. w. 
Missouri. 
The_disea.se in question is cau.-^'d by 
a specific micro-organism (bacillus hovi- 
sopticus'l and is like anthrax in that blood 
issues from the natural orifices of the body 
before or after death, and the spleen is 
engorged with black blood. In lieinor- 
rhagic septicemia, however, red spots are 
seen in the mucous membranes of the body 
and internal organs, and blood.v spots or 
patehe.s occur under the skin. It is very 
contagious and usuall.v contracted when 
cattle are on pasture in the Fall and early 
Winter. Often it is identical with so- 
called “cornstalk disease.” Vaccination 
prevents the disea.se in a fair percentage 
of ca.ses and .should be done when the dis¬ 
ease is prevalent in a di.s'trict. It may 
also have a curative effect in some cases. 
The date at which the vaccine becomes 
unfit for use is marked upon the container 
The disease msually proves fatal, hut an 
animal_ might have a subsequent attack 
unless immunized b.v frequent vaccination. 
__ A. S. A. 
Fungus Haematoides 
Can you give me a little more informa¬ 
tion about what “A. S. A.” terms fungus 
haematoides? A. L. W. 
Cancer of the e.ycball (fungu.s haeema- 
toides) is not very common, but when it 
occurs it usuall.v proves incurable and 
causes gradually such emaciation that 
the animal becomes unfit for an.v purpose 
and is killed as a matter of humanity. 
The flesh may be used for human food if 
slaughtered at the outset of attack. The 
cancer start.s with a little red growth 
upon the white of the eye. This gradually 
spreads into an angry red protruding 
mass, accompanied b.v discharge of pus. 
The entire eyeball becomes involved and 
destro.yed, and the disease ma.v next 
spread to the bones of the orbit (eye 
socket). At this stage the dischai*ge may 
have a foul odor. An operation by a 
skilled surgeon done at the outset of tb« 
disea.sc sometimes .succeeds. A. s. A. 
Megrims 
I liave a mare I.”> years old, and she 
gets spells of giving out entirely. Legs 
seem just to give out, and finally she 
fulls down. 8he will get up after a while 
and eat like a pig. S.eems to be in no 
pain ; has had grain and hay right along, 
also stock feed. Her teeth have been 
bad and she has worms. I have just had 
her teeth attended to. What would you 
advise? w. p. s. 
The mare appears to have falling 
spells, termed epilepsy or “megrims,” 
and usually incurable. ,Stomach or blind 
staggers, however, is similar and often 
may be prevented by keeping the bowels 
active and never letting the animal stand 
for a single day w'ithout work or exercise. 
Also .see to it that the collar is not too 
tight. Such horses sometimes work bet¬ 
ter in a breast collar. Reduce the grain 
feed. Allow free acce.ss to rock salt. Al¬ 
low the mare a roomy boxstall when in 
the stable. Do not give stock food, but if 
worms pass in the feces mix in the feed 
night and morning for a week one table¬ 
spoonful of a mixture of equal parts by 
weight of powdered copperas, salt and 
sulphur ; then stop for 10 days and then 
repeat the treatment. If she is in foal 
omit copperas and increase salt and 
sulphur. A. s. A. 
