CONTENTS 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER, JUNE 8, 1918. 
FARM TOPICS. 
The Other Side of Boy Labor. 
Manure on the Pasture. 
American Supplies of Potash. 
Bean Weevils . 
Success with Transplanting Machines, 
Farming in a War Year. 
Cutting Clover Hay. 
Questions About School Votes.. 
Sugar Sirup from Beets.. 
Beans for Replanting Cornfield. 
Sunflowers and Corn Silage. 
English Tenant System. 
Destroying Artichokes . 
Hope Farm Notes. 
Crops and- Farm Notes. 
The 35-Cent Dollar Cut Down. 
Experiments with Lime. 
These Patriotic Farmers. 
The Scuthem Potato-Growers’ Dollar 
.... 761 
.... 762 
.... 762 
.... 764 
.... 764 
.... 765 
.... 766 
.... 766 
.... 769 
.... 769 
.... 769 
.... 769 
.... 769 
.... 770 
.... 771 
.... 773 
. . .. 773 
... . 773 
.... 773 
LIVE STOCK AND DAIRY 
The Wool Price Situation.763. 
F-' me"s Write About Oleo. 
Milk Conditions Still Bad. 
Milk Shows and' Increased Sales. 
Bad Taste in Butter. 
Questions About Goats. 
The Future of the Dairy Business. 
Breeding Crate for Hogs. 
764 
773 
773 
776 
776 
776 
778 
778 
HENYARD 
Egg-Laying Contest . 
Artificial Light for Poultry. 
Black Feathers in White Leghorns 
Brooding Hens ... 
Cost of Home-Grown Grain. 
Making Feed Mixture. 
Laying Fowls . 
Cannibal Chicks . 
780 
780 
780 
780 
781 
781 
781 
781 
HORTICULTURE 
Making the Bordeaux Mixture. 
Rose for Porch; Wistaria on Chimney 
The Woolly Aphis; How to Fight It.. 
763 
764 
765 
womAn and home 
From Day to Day. 
Seen in New York Shops.. 
The Rural Patterns. 
Canning of Peas._.... 
A Guido to Reading in English. 
Embroide^ Design . 
War Recipes . 
. 774 
. 774 
. 774 
.774, 775 
Part I.... 775 
.. 775 
. 775 
MISCELLANEOUS 
The Rattlesnake and Its Poison.. 
Cinders in Concrete.. 
Events of the Week. 
Editorials . 
Bird-Killing Cats . 
Publisher’s Desk . 
...761, 762 
. 764 
. 768 
_... 772 
. 781 
. 782 
Live Stock Feeding Problems 
Tankage for Pigs 
ITow should tankago he fed to i)igs? T 
get them when tliey are SO or 1(10 ]»ouiids 
and sell when about 200. How inueh 
tankage should 1 feed per day per head? 
Would it he all right to feed it with slop? 
I cannot huv tankage here. A. M. R. 
Holly, Mich. 
I’he i)revailing method of feeding tank¬ 
age to pigs con.si.sts of mixing say 02 
Ih.s. of corn or barley with 8 lbs. of the 
tankage and feeding this mixture in the 
form of a (hick shtp. Growing i»igs on 
green forage should be fed about two 
pounds of this grain (dry weight) daily 
for each 100 lbs, live weight. If A. ]M. H. 
IVeds hogs weighing from 80 to 100 Ihs, 
each he should start with 2 lbs. of the 
grain daily per each pig, and increase the 
amount as the i)igs increase in weight. If 
he is feeding in a dry lot without forage 
he can increase the amount in the same 
proportions until the pigs are on full 
feed. I'rices of available feeding stuffs 
should guide one in making selections. 
E(iual parts of corn, barley and oats 
make a very good growing feed for pigs 
weighing from 100 to 200 lbs. and should 
be supplemented with about 5 per cent of 
00 jter cent tankage. 
This by-product of slaughter houses can 
he purchased direct from large packers at 
C’hicago or at any of their many distrib- 
uti7)g station.s. Tankage is a good appe¬ 
tizer, an economical source of protein, and 
while its cost has increased out of all 
l)ropoi tion to the price of live stock, still 
it is jiossible to feed some at the present 
piices with a small profit. Had the 
packers kept the pri<-e of tankage down I 
am convinced that more pigs would be 
found on the feeding lots today. The de¬ 
mand exceeded the supply, hence the price 
went soaring. Perhaps the fact that fer¬ 
tilizer dealers used so much tankage as a 
source of available nitrogen in their com¬ 
mercial mixtures was in part responsible 
for the increasod usage of this nroduct. 
F. C. M. 
Feeding Cow in Calf 
I would like to ask about feeding cows 
that are going to freshen. 1 have pure¬ 
bred .Terseys; feed part ground oats and 
bran after I get them dry till they calved 
and a while after about two quarts a 
day. The cows are in fine order, but the 
caives when born are weak, poor and 
small. They tell me to feed a corn ration 
instead; that oats or wheat is my trouble. 
The calves come from 10 days up to time. 
For my milk ration I mix three of bran, 
three of gluten, and one of cottonseed, one 
per cent salt, feed one to .8%. I stop 
feeding about eight weeks before calving; 
mixed bay and feed .silage up to <-alving 
in a small amount; no corn on it. 
iMassachusetts. i'. )>. c. 
There is no question but that the oat- 
bran ration is the cause of the weak 
calves. A discussion from the recently 
published Pndletin 287 from the Wis- 
coTisin Fxpei'iment Station will, I believe, 
clear this matter up for you. 
It has been found that, in addiction to 
necessity of proper rations having the 
right balance, it is necessary that they 
contain sufficient mineral matter and 
growth-promoting substances now com¬ 
monly called vitamines. More particularly 
is this true with breeding ;ind growing 
stock. Experiments were tried in feeding 
rations, the base of which was the corn 
plant in one case, the wheat plant in an¬ 
other, and the oat plant in another. A 
combination of all these was also tried. 
It was found that when the cows about 
to pr<Kluce were fed a ration from the 
corn plant that normal, healthy calved re¬ 
sulted. The wheat plant did not furnish 
sufficient nutrients. The mineral con¬ 
tent of the straw is in all likelihood too 
low. In addition, the grain carries a 
toxic or poisonous material tending to 
pull the animal down. When this ration 
was used premature births or very weak 
calves resulted, oftentimes living only a 
few days. Wheat grain and wheat straw 
can be coupled with Alfalfa, hay or corn 
.stover, and probably other roughages such 
as clover hay, thereby supplying the min¬ 
eral deficiency and at the same time aid¬ 
ing greatly in overcoming the toxic effect 
of the wheat grain. The investigations 
with whole wheat should cause no alarm 
concerning wheat bran, and middlings. 
They have been used and are being used 
with success, and only when used too lib¬ 
erally or without the best roughages are 
they likely to injure the animal. Rations 
made wholly from the oat plant produced 
conditions much the same as the wheat 
ration. The trouble with the oat ration 
seined principally due to a lack of suffi¬ 
cient minerals. It was found that corn 
.stover and some of the grass hays did not 
yield the results when fed with the above 
rations as did the Alfalfa and clover hay. 
Doubtless you would have experienced lit¬ 
tle or no difficulty had your hay contained 
more of the legumes, or the .silage more 
corn. A mixture of oats and bran is, 
however, a poor fitting ration. You will 
improve it greatly by making it eciual 
party of bran, oats, gluten, and cornmeal, 
or hominy with one-half part oil meal or 
cottonseed mejil added. In making up this 
ration add one per c('nt salt to it. 
tr. F. .r. 
Corn Meal and Cob Meal 
In a circular from a big dealer I find 
statements regarding corn and cob meal. 
AVhat is the fact about it? B. k. 
The difference in feeding value of corn 
meal and corn and cob meal is much less 
than is commonly realized. Often the 
question arises in cow te.st association 
work and in collecting data on the cost 
of milk production as to the price that 
shall be set for corn and cob meal when 
cornmeal is at a certain price. Accord¬ 
ing to Henry’s’ Fec'ds and Feeding, corn¬ 
meal contains (».!)% dige.stible protein, 
G0% carbohydrates and S.5% fat; corn- 
and-cob meal, 6.1% protein, 6,8.7% carbo¬ 
hydrates and 3.7% fat. The total digest¬ 
ible nutrients in the cornmeal are 8,8.K% 
and in the corn-a!id-eobmeal 78.1%. On 
this basis if cornmeal was worth .$4 per 
cwt.. a pound of digestible nutrients 
would be worth 4.7c. This would make 
corn-and-cobmeal worth $3.67 per cwt. 
While whole or cracked corn is more 
often fed to horses than cornmeal. it is 
generally conceded that if cornmeal must 
be used it is better to have the cob mixed 
with it for hulk, and to avoid danger of 
colic. For cowy cornmeal is slightly bet¬ 
ter than corn-and-cobmeal, if the other 
concentrates fed with it supply the bulk 
that they should. For pigs the cob acts 
principally as a filler. AVhole corn or 
cornmeal is better than corn-and-cohmeal 
when the roughage is supplied in the form 
of clover. Alfalfa or rape, either green or 
dry. This is much better and more nour¬ 
ishing for the pig than the corncob mixed 
in with the meal. H. F. j. 
Good Dairy Ration 
Which would be the most advisable to 
buy, dried brewer.s’ grains at jjer ton, 
and gluten at .$59 per ton, or to buy a 
balanced ration similar to Dairymen’s 
League feed? H. W. D. 
New York. 
If you can buy a bai-anood ration that 
is recommended for u.se by the Dairymen’s 
League members I should do so in pref¬ 
erence to buying dried brewers* grains and 
gluten. This is a poor combination, being 
none too palatable and probably not bal¬ 
anced to feed with your roughage. 
h. f. j. 
Paralysis of Pigs 
I have two pigs three months old ; have 
been fed on two parts of hominy and one 
part of middlings. They are uoth fat. 
One of them stands and walks around the 
pen all right, but the other has been lie- 
ing down for a few days and cannot walk 
at all. He eats well, but it seems that 
his legs are weak and cannot support the 
body. Could it. be possible that he may 
have worms? o. B. 
New York. 
Constipation and lack of exercise cause 
such loss of power of the hind legs and 
in some cases the pigs are affected with 
rickets. Prevention is all important. The 
bowels should be kept active and the 
I)igs made to take active exercise every 
day. Turn them out at once. Give epsom 
salts in slop to move the bowels. If the 
down pig fails to get up jind is in good 
flesh it may be slaughtered for meat. It 
is true that worms may be a contributive 
cause of such cases, so pigs should be 
kept fi’<‘(' of these parasites. Treatment 
often has been prescribed here. A. S. A. 
Depraved Appetite 
I have a young heifer nearly one year 
old. and have had fine success raising her 
as to size, but she has had a habit of 
chewing the wood on her stanchion, and I 
have done everything I know of to stop 
her. At times she has apparently 
stopped, but begins again, but lately she 
will not stop at all and almost refuses 
to eat and of course is growing thin. 
She refused the dry grain, so have been 
making a sort of gruel of it and she 
eats that, but does not care much for the 
corn fodder nor the hay. Can you tell 
me of anything I can do for her, as she 
is too valuable to lose if we can do any¬ 
thing for her? G. K. M. 
Rhode Island. 
.\llow the heifer a roomy box stall, or 
turn her loose in a shed if you have no 
box stall. Allow free access to rook salt, 
OlTer her whole oats, oilmeal and wheat 
bran. A ])reliminary dose of epsom salts 
as a physic may help. She should take 
outdoor exercise every day. If she con¬ 
tinues gnawing wood, mix bone meal in 
her feed, allowing one tablespoonful twice 
daily at first and gradually increasing the 
dose as found necessary. A. s. A. 
Your chance is in Canada. Ricli lands ajid 
business opportunities otter you independence. 
Farm lands $11 to an acre; irrigated lands 
^15 to Twenty years to pay; $3,000 loan 
in improvements, or ready-made farms. Loan 
of livestock. 'Faxes average under twenty 
cents an acre; no taxes on Improvements, per¬ 
sonal property or livestock. Good markets, 
churches, schools, roads, telephones. Excel¬ 
lent climate—crops and livestock prove it. 
Special homeseekers’ fare certificates. Write 
for free booklets. Allan Cameron, General 
Superintendent Land Branch, Canadian Pa¬ 
cific Railway, 519 Ninth Avenue. Calgary, 
Alberta. 
If in Need of Farm or GardenHelp 
of any description, write to Mr. G. M. Hessels, Secre¬ 
tary of the Agiicultural and Imiustrial Labor Relief 
203 E. 42nd St..NewYork. All services rendered free 
HA VAII We have many able-bodied young 
IIW Ivll men, mostly without fa ruling 
experience, wlio wish to work 
H P P n on farms. If you need a good, 
H k b If steady, sober man, write for an 
orderblaiik.Ours isaphilantlirop- 
P A P M ic organiz;ition and we make no 
1^ Hi It 111 charge to employer or employee. 
U p 1 p 9 THE JEWISH AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY 
^ ^ ■ 176 Second Avenue N. Y. City 
Subscribers* Exchange 
If you want to buy or sell or exchantre. make it known hero. 
Thia liato will bo 5 Cents a word, payable in advance. The 
nnmo and address mu.st bo counted us part of tho ndvortlsc- 
ment. No display tyiio used, and only Farm Pro<luct8, Help 
anti Positions Wanted admitted. For subscribers only. 
Dealer.s, jobbers and Rcnerul manufacturers' announcements 
not admitted hero. Poultry, anti other live stock adver* 
tJs(?ment.s will tfo under proper heatiinfre on other paices. 
Seed anti Nursery advertisements will not be accepted for 
this column. 
Copy must reach us not later than Friday mornins 
to appear in the following week's issue. 
Farm Help Wanted 
AV.WTED—July 1 competent, all-round cook for 
small Summer hotel 100 miles from X. Y. 
City: must be woman of expcrioiu-e; wages 
per month; state full )»articulars and reference. 
Could also use waitress or ehainbermaid. .\d- 
dress AUVEBTISKll 4147, cure Burnl New- 
Yorker. 
WANTED—Married man, experienced in farm¬ 
ing, to work hy tlie month to first of Novem¬ 
ber; then, if satisfactory, he can work farm on 
shares if he can furnish help; 300 acres; free 
gas and Spring water in liotise; large sugar 
hush, 7.5 sheep, 10 cows, pigs, turkeys, geese 
and eliiekens. ADVEUTISEK 4161, cure Itnral 
New-Yorker. 
W.VXTEl)—Good dairyman; must he first-class 
buttermaker. .\pply. stating wages recpiired 
(single), P.'VI L tl.V.MKIt, Snpt. Colonial Home 
Farms, Sharon, Conn. 
WANTED—Ward maid’s and waitresses. a 
kitchen washer and vegetable hand; elderly 
women preferred. Address THE ST.YTEN 
ISL.tND IIOSl’lT.VL, 'rompkinsville. New York. 
W.VN'rEI)—.V tlioroaiglily up-td-date poultry- 
man; must 1 h> absolutely reliable and ener¬ 
getic; a good position for tlie riglit man. AD- 
VEUTISER 41.-i3, care Rural New-Yorker. 
W.'VNTED—Herdsman; married man willi experi¬ 
ence in feeding and linnilling .Jersey cattle 
preferred; give references and wages re(inired in 
first letter. Also liave vacancy for good milker 
and general worker on farm, .\ddress S. W. 
l)()BI.IN<t, Snpt., Moose Hill Farms, Spencer, 
^iass. 
" i 
W.tNTED—Cook, and' also 'lonsemaitl for fam¬ 
ily of five; good wages; family go to sea- 
eoast in Summer; reierences required. MRS. 
'\V^t. 15. WOOD, Hude . N. Y. 
W.WTED--Two women for general housework 
on farm of i)rivate estate, including cooking 
.and laundry; no fancy cooking; ton in family; 
wages made satisfactory; near White Plains. 
W. (’. WHIPPLE, Purchase, N. Y. 
Situations Wanted 
WANTED—Situation as general man; under¬ 
stands vegetalde gardening, horses, cows. 
BOX .54, Thiells, .\. Y. 
M.\N. single, 27 years old, just recovering from 
lireakilown from overwork, recently sexton of 
Grace Reform Chiindi, Brooklyn, wants place 
in coniitry wher«‘ he can do some liglit work 
in ivliole or part i)ayment of board; highest ref¬ 
erence. .'tddress .ADVEUTISEK 41.51, care Rural 
New'-Y'orker. 
GENTLEMAN (39) of university education, witli 
some knowledge and experience in farming, 
would like to assist in the management of a 
farm or an estate and also do some practical 
work: liigliest references given and recinlred. 
.■ADVERTISER 41.59, care Rural New-Yorker. 
W.VNTF.D—By refined, edueateil woman position 
witli family of means, as companion, secretary 
or managing housekeeper; partieulars by eorre- 
spondenee: liberty June 27: notliing eonsidered 
under .S40 salary. ADVERTISER 4160, <'are 
Rural New Yorker. 
F.-VRMER—Gardener, working foreman: capable, 
married, age 32; many years’ practical ex¬ 
perience: stock, poultry, general crops, vege¬ 
tables, flowers, fruit, etc.; up-to-date mettiods, 
temperate and relialde. ADVERTISER 41.56, 
care Rural New'-Y-orker. 
F.VRM superintendent or private estate 
manager of practical experience all lines agri¬ 
culture, desires position July 1; expert horse¬ 
man, cattle, sheep, hogs, etc.; thorouglily nii- 
derstands all kinds maeliinery; only a Hrst-ela --1 
proposition with contract for one, two or tliree 
years wanted; American, d'raft exem|)t. sober 
and reliahie: reference. ADVERTISER ■1.58, 
care Rural New-Yorker. 
Y'OTTN’t; M.AN (19) wislies itosition on iarge 
fruit farm; inexperleiieed, hut witli firm de¬ 
termination to learn tlie business. LAWltKNCM 
HIJSPIH.E, 241 Hillside Ave., .Tamaiea, L. I. 
FOUR willing girls desire Summer work on 
modern vegetalile or fruit farm; compensation 
unessential: patriotic. Fine lioarding iilaee on 
or near farm also desired. .Ad’dress ADA’EIt- 
TISEU 41.55, care Rural New-Yorker. 
POSITION wanted as farm or estate superin¬ 
tendent; agrleultural college and' practical 
training: understand care of live stock, poultry, 
crops, oreliards, gardens, lawns; married; ago 
30. .AJ.ISERT NEW'l’ON, Dummerston, Vermont. 
Farms For Sale, to Rent, etc. 
FOR S.AT.E—Poultry farm containing 1.5 acres, 
one-fourth mile from town of 3,500 population, 
with splendid schools and cliurches, situated on 
Dn Pont Boulevard; farm equipped as follows: 
incubating capacity, 9,000 eggs; brooding ca¬ 
pacity, 12,(X)0 clilcks; laying bouses for 4,000 
hens; 500 apple trees; large house containing 
11 rooms; the owners are engaged in other hnsl- 
ness and cannot give this tlio proper attention. 
THE DELAAVABE EGG F.ABM. .Milford. Del. 
MY A'H.JjAGE F.AIi.AI of 24 aeres, 10-rooni 
house, water, part hardwood floors, 150 fruit 
trees, stream; amusements; liarns and ont- 
huililings; grand’ view; .$4,000; terms. C. 
WEISSEL, Leeds, N. Y. 
F'OB S.ALE—In tlie tiills of New .Jersey—eom- 
innting distance New York—three miles from 
station. 48 ac-.-s, lialf woodland, balance in 
cultivation; l)r(«ok: seven-room Iningalow; oiit- 
Iniildings; telephone; two mails daily; good in¬ 
vestment and most attractive home.for all the 
.year. .ADVERTISER 4157, care Rural New- 
Yorker. 
W.ANTED—Country-bred woman to take entire 
eliarge of one gentleman’s home; must be 
excellent cook of the plainest cooking; washing 
optitmal; near station; all modern eouveiiiences. 
I*. D. BOX 315, Ifieasantville, N. Y. 
B’ARM AV.ANTED—AVill buy or lease fertile farm 
with attractive home, in Southern New Eng¬ 
land; detailed des<-riplion wanted in first rejily; 
not particular at)out taking possession tliis sea¬ 
son. ADVERTISER 41.52, care Itural New- 
Yorker. 
WANTED—Two married men to work on farm; 
must bo good workers, and understand the 
haiuriiug of mules; house, garden ami wood fur¬ 
nished. Apply, with references, to HAMH/rON, 
manager. The Hermitage Stock I'anu, Centre- 
viile, .Md. 
W.ANTED—Two married men for dair.v: must 
be first-elass milkers and U|) to date; house, 
wood, butter and milk furnished: good wages. 
Apply, with references, to ILAMH.TO.N. manager, 
The Hermitage Stock Farm, Ceutreville, Md. 
FOR S.Al.E— Boarding houses and farm; 1.36 
acres, at Freehold, (Jreene Co., New York; 
“Tlie Dakwood,” l.stJO feet altitude; best moun¬ 
tain view of entire Catskill range; accommo¬ 
dating 75 guests: large I)arn, lee house, garage; 
other outbuildings. B’or particulars, address 
o'vner. E. A. BItOOKS, F'reebold, Greene (.’o., 
New York. 
W.ANl'ED—To rent: farm; 5 or more ai-r^s; 
small lionse; commuting, New York. 1*. O. 
BOX 381, .Alorristown, New Jersey. 
W.ANTED IM.MEDIATELY—Man to do mllk- 
liouse work and milk; also man to milk and 
work as lierdsman’s lielper; only single men with 
clean iialiits and good records need apply. Write 
fully to W. H. HAINES, Dover. N. J. 
AV.ANTED —A competent woman to do general 
licusework, family of 3 adults, 6 cliildren: 
no wasliing or ironing; good wages: electric 
I'quipment; % mile from station; all modern 
conveniences. 1’. O. BOX 315, Pleasantville, 
N. y. ' 
Miscellaneous 
FOR S.ALE—Moline T'niversal Tractor, only lit¬ 
tle iis<‘d: i>erfeet order; plows, disks, e.xten- 
sion rims, carriers, etc., for 1/3 less than value. 
P. D., it. F. D. 2, Westwood, N. J. 
FOR S.ALE—Fairbanks 12 H. P. RuU D( j En- 
gino on steel truck and No. 14 Smalley En¬ 
silage cutter; fine condition. G. W. JENKINS, 
238 South St., Morristown, N. J. 
AA'.ANTED—As woi’king liousekeeper on small 
farm, a settled countr.y woman accustomed to 
her own home; no olijectlons to one cliild; duties, 
plain cooking, cleaning and helping with laun¬ 
dry; wages .$30. or .$25 if there is a ehiur. 
Address P. O. BOX 505, New Canaan, Conn. 
BO.VRD—I’olioka Farms, Sehenevus, N. Y.; alti¬ 
tude 1,980 ft.; rooms; tents; good food; $10. 
I THANK all lliose who answered my adver¬ 
tisement. ADVERTISER 4090, car© Run', 
New-Yorker. 
