s u B UR Ban 
h o 
Voi. I,XXVII. 
Xi;w YORK. .irXK 22. 1!)18. 
No. 4 IS”. 
•i 8 '«//( 7 >/c’ liox of Mdi'NlKi't titrwwhcrrUit. b'Uj. 381 
tilt* niots, ;ni(l tiikt'M at (iiice to the tieUl. You must 
have straiijht ro\v« in hill eulture in order to work 
the wheel hot*!*, and we usuall.y stretch a ions line 
acros.s the held. The most satisfactory w'ay we have 
found for plantin,;; is to put a spade under the line 
and push it down into the soil with the foot. Then 
push the spade forward, which will leave an ojicu 
si»acc behind the blade. Have a child put the jilant 
in this openinir. pull out the sjiade Rentiy and let 
the soil fall hack upon the plant. Then step hard 
around the plant and tirm it into jilace. This fjives 
ns better results than usini? a trowel or plowing' out 
a furrow, h’he jilant is hi-inly in the ground Avith its 
1 ‘oots siiread out. In hrinjiiiif' iilants from a di.s- 
tance we shake out the hunches and soak them with 
water. Then when plantin,li we clip off about one- 
third of the roots and the same proportion of the 
top and plant as above described. 
CAKE.—You will have to spell that with a capital 
C and plaster the letter on with sweat unless you 
have a garden in which the weeds have lonj; been 
fon.irht. Thes(^ heinies wc're j'l-own on a patch well 
plastered with (piack grass and some of our worst 
weeds. It was necessary to hoe and hand cultivate 
ei.ght times in order to keep that patch clean. We 
kei)t the .soil clean of weeds and gra.ss, and the sur¬ 
face Avell stin-f'd np. Here again comes a work 
which re<iuir(\s nice jud.gment. and it wonld lx* iiard 
to de.scrihe on paper just how to handh* each plant. 
Some are more vigorous than others; some are in¬ 
clined to grow out of the soil and must he hilled 
up; some refuse to root proiierly, and can he lifted 
out with a pull of the linger. Some must have a 
little fertilizer to bring them up. while others are 
too vigorous and should he trimmed or cut oft’. The 
main point is to keep the soil clean and open ami 
force the i)lant if possible to put all its strength into 
the formation of fruit buds. 
PUOI'ACATION.—These fruit buds are evidently 
formed in late Summer or early Eall. At that tiim* 
w(? should if ])ossihle use acid phosphate or line 
ground hone—about HOG i)ounds per acre .scattered 
along the rows and worked into the soil. I’hos- 
l)horus is the element particularly m'cded in pro¬ 
ducing seed or hud. If we were growing nothing 
hilt fi'uit our i)lan would lx; to let thn'c .good run- 
iK'rs r(X)t around the parent plant and th(*n <mt off 
('V('ry otlK'r lainncr that starts ont. 'riie huir i)lants 
thus left woidd grow so close to.gellu'r that tlu'.v 
would he practicall.v one. 
and with all tin* strength 
which wonld oth(*rwise go 
into the runners thrown 
into this group strong buds 
will lx* formed, and tln*re 
will lx* ii heavy yield of 
enormous heiadt's. M.ar- 
shall gi'own in this wa.v 
often .gives us more than a 
(pi.ai'l, to the plant, d'he 
job (tf cutting off the run- 
iK'i's is ('iidless. and in 
these limes of lalxu’ short- 
a.g(' wonld he impossible on 
a large aix'a. ‘ For garden 
culture—with a f('W hnn- 
dix'd |)lants—this plan will 
pay. In our own case we 
plan to produce .several 
thous.-ind potted and layer 
plants for .sale, and thus 
I»roc(*('d .somewhat dilf('r- 
ently. We .go through the 
Ih'ld and select pl.-mts suit¬ 
able for i)aients. We can 
hardly describe just what 
wo want. It must he a 
plant typical of the M.ir- 
shall foliage and .growin.g 
habit. A broad, thick h*af, 
fret* from disease; long 
.stems erect and rather 
wide apart. .V thick, broad 
crown—just above tin? 
ground, a .good, (h'op-.set 
root .syst(*m and hi.g, strong 
lainiH'rs. W(? want a rnn- 
m*!- with short joints s(*t- 
ting tin* tirst plant dost* up 
to the parent. This new 
little i)lant is to milk or 
feed on its parent until firmly root(*d, and it will 
do that to hotter advantage clo.se up to the mother. 
It re(iuiros a g(x)d eye to select the best runners for 
the pots, for these children of the strawberry plant 
vary about like the members of a big human family. 
The little pots aix* tilled with rich soil and sunk in 
the ground near tin? parent. Then the tiny root of 
the I'unner i)lant is i)ut in the pot and a small stom? 
put on top to hold it lirndy. If there is a fair 
amount of moisture the plant roots into the pot in 
an incredibly short time, d'he point of the runner 
is nip])ed oft after potting so as to throw the full 
strength into this potted plant. This is not n(*ce.s- 
..sary—we have often grown live or six strong potted 
plants from one runner—but you get a better i)hmt 
by leaving only om*. As the potter .goes along the 
row, usually on his knees, he “iay.s down” other 
Hill Culture for Strawberries 
How Big Berries are F^roduced 
T he ])icture on this ))age shows a box of Marshall 
strawberri(*s as they w (*!•(* pick(*d at Hope Fjirm. 
'I'here were about do berries in this heaped-up box. 
It would be easy to tind larger berries, but those 
shown are fair sam])le.s of a good many crates. We 
have grown the Marshall now for over 15 years, and 
have each year selected plants to a type iji the 
Intpo of retaining the size, beauty and color, and at 
tic* saim* time increasing the yield. This Ave have 
been unable to do, for the Marshall remains a shy 
be.arer tpute inf(*rior as to yield to several other 
varieties. It is, hoAvev(*r. we believe, the most beau¬ 
tiful and highest-flavored straAvberry m)W in ordi¬ 
nary cultivation — av h (* n 
])ro]»erly gi’own. It is a 
g<xxl vari('ty for the anui- 
tt*ur, or for the tandly ,gai‘- 
den wlu'ii high cnltuia* can 
be given, as it bas a h:ibit 
of lu’olonged frnitin.g—fix*- 
(piently givin,g us a contin¬ 
uous supply for ;i month. 
^\'e do not advise ^Marshall 
for ordiiiiiry th'ld cultiva¬ 
tion. It is snil(*d oidy in 
hill cull lire. (’hesap(>ake is 
a heavi(*r yielder of large 
lx*rri(*s. but lh(*y are lighfei’ 
in color and <arry many 
mor(* seeds. .Toe is another 
excellent varii'ty for hill 
culture. es]x'cially on light¬ 
er .soils. Marshall has suf- 
f(*red in reimtation through 
the snbsfilniion of oth(*r 
vai’ieties. It is a light 
plant-mak(*r. and hard(*r to 
jiropa.gate than most varie¬ 
ties. d'his, and I In* fact 
that many .grow<*rs ix'ver 
had the true variety, has 
served to lu'lp distrihuti* al¬ 
most (*verything nmh'r the 
nanu* of Marshall, and has 
injnri'd its i-eputation. 
HII.L riT/rrUE. — In 
no other way can thes(> big 
crimson lx*rri(*s be pro¬ 
duced. If you Jilant varie¬ 
ties lik(* Marshall and let 
lh(>m run into matted rows 
yon will have a fi'w la i-gi* 
bei-ries. a few mor«* infe¬ 
rior ones, ami a lot of 
vines. It is the nature of 
this variety to groAV by itself—one of those sti'ong, 
individual characters Avhich do best outside of a co- 
ojierativi* jilan. The ^Marshall must h.-ive the air 
and sunshlm* around it or it Avill .sulk and fail. 
Krlelly stat(*d, the hi.story of the berries shown here 
is as follows; East year the ground Avhere they 
grew Avas covered Avith asjxiragus sei'dlings. These* 
were du.g in early IMay and a .gixxl coat of cow 
maiinri* sjiread on the land. This Avas i)loAV(*d under 
ami harrowed lim*. We then set the jdants 18 inches 
apart each Avay. 
I’EAX'ri.\(!.—We go to onr own beds and dig uji 
strong runner jilants. Long exjierlence has taught 
our [leople what to select in tlu* Avay of a jilant. 
M'e make little effort to mark superior mother 
Jilants (‘xcejit Avheii potting—after frult'ing. The 
Jilant is dug Avith a small amount of dirt left around 
