922 
The Rural New-Yorker 
TUE BUaiNESS FARMER'S PAPER 
A National Weekly .loiirnnl for Country and !<iil>iirhun Iloinen 
Established isso 
I’nblliihcd weekly by the Rural Pnblisliln(r Company, 333 West 30lli Street. New Vork 
Herekut tv. Cobl-lKGwoon, President and Editor. 
John J. Dn.M)N, Treasurer and General Manager. 
\Vm. F. Dillon, Secretary. Mrs. E. T. Royle, Associate Editor. 
SUBSCRIPTION : ONE DOLLAR A YEAR 
To foreign countries in tlie Universal Postal Union. $2.01, equal to 8 s. 6 d., or 
8><2 marks, or 10)* francs. Remit in money' order, express 
order, personal check or hank draft. 
Entered at New York Post Office As Second Cla.ss Matter. 
Advertising rates. To cents per agate line—7 words. References reqviired for 
advertisers unknown to us ; and casli must accompany transient orders. 
“A SQUARE DEAL” 
We lielieve that every adverti.sement in this paper is Iiacked l)y a rcspon- 
sihle person. We use every possible precavition and admit the advertising of 
reliable houses only. But to make doubly sure, we will make good any loss 
to paid subscribers sustained by trusting any deliberate swindler, irrespon¬ 
sible advertisers or misleading advertisements in our columns, and any 
such swindler will be publicly exposed. We are also often called upon 
to adjust differences or mistakes between our subscribers and honest, 
responsible houses, whether adv'ertisers or not. We willingly use our good 
offices to this end, but such ca-ses should not be confused with dishonest 
transactions. AVe protect subscribers against rogues, but we will not be 
responsible for the debts of honest bankrupts sanctioned by the courts. 
Notice of the complaint must be sent to us within one month of the time of 
the transaction, and to identify it. you should mention The Rural New- 
Yorker when writing the advertiser. 
M r. JOHX C. COTTRELL of Eagle Bridge, 
X. Y., i.s a candidate for the Xew York 
A.s.‘)emhly in Wa.sliington County. Mr. Cottrell is a 
farmer and an old and trusted friend of The R. 
X.-Y. His record is clean, and he is the man we 
all want as one of those 50 fanners in the Xew 
Yorlc Lec/islaiurc. We ask all our friends in Wash¬ 
ington County to look Mr. Cottrell up and help put 
him throu.gh at the primary. There Avill lie more 
about him and other farmer candidates a little later. 
* 
W HILE Senator Elon R. Brown of Watertown 
has announced that he will no longer repre¬ 
sent .Teffer.son and Oswego counties in the State 
Senate, Ave think the farmers of those tAvo counties 
may Avell he on guard. We have knoAvn these states¬ 
men to “retire’' liefore now, and then, after inducing 
.several candidates to enter the primary, suddenly to 
receive a “call’’ to come back. With their Avell- 
organized machine they can get out enough votes to 
nominate them. The voters in the Thirty-lifth Dis¬ 
trict should be on guard. Decide upon a good 
fanner for Senator and get back of him at the 
primary. 
W E call attention to Prof. Burritt’s letter about 
farmers’ institutes on page 015. Let us have, 
liy all means, a full and frank discus.sion of this 
sub.iect. Thus far very little intei*est in these insti¬ 
tutes has been developed. FeAV farmers ai’gue for 
their continuance, Avhile a number Avrite that the 
meetings should be given uid— and the money applied 
to other Avork. The present managers Avant to knoAV 
Avhat to do about the.se meetings. Thus far it looks 
as if the great body of farmers do not care what 
becomes of them, and are not enough interested to 
discuss them. 
I SUSPECT “Avork or light’’ is displacing “Cod Bless 
Our Home” in more than one farm sitting-room. I sup- 
])ose you have heard of the dairyman Avho nailed a 
service flag with four stars to his Avagon? One Avas for 
.Tohnnie in France and the other three Avere his three 
best Holstein coavs. doing their all for Uncle Sam. 
“Food Will Win the War!” 
R the old farmer in Xew England A\iio had five 
star.s—one for the bo.A', one for the Red Cross 
girl and three for a block of BaldAvin apple trees 
put out of business by the last savage Winter. 
Those trees Avould have brought the farmer the 
price of tAVO Liberty bonds—but Winter cut them 
out. This farmer has thought out a new one. The 
nation needs your money to keep ns in Liberty 
bonds, and it also needs your manhood to keep ns 
out of bondage. 
T UI'S far nothing has been heard from Mr. 
R. D. Cooper re.garding our challenge to a 
juiblic debate on the policies and management of the 
Dairymen's League. We are accused of indulging 
ill personalities and destructive criticism in spite of 
the fact that the letter issued )iy the “executive 
committee” is entirely jiersoual, and does not contain 
a single suggestion that Avill help the League. In 
order to avoid any further talk about “personalitie,s’’ 
or personal abuse , Ave print, on the next page, a 
.signed statement Avhich puts in clear and direct 
shape Avhat Ave think should be the policy of the 
Dairymen’s League. We are confident that every 
thinking farmer Avill agree Avith us that the time 
has come to Avoi'k out a settled policy for the 
League, and that this should be made broad and 
fair. A very large proportion of League members 
are not fully satisfied AA’ith the present policies of 
the organization or its results. It has done great 
Avork, and can noAv be made more effective than 
over. It is nonsense to try to argue that because 
The R. X.-Y'. attempts to present constructive criti¬ 
cism it is trying to destroy or in.iure the League. 
Vhe RURAL NEW-YORKER 
The organization cannot stand still. It must de¬ 
velop. and. as we see it, this development should 
be along the line .stated on the next page. The real 
destroyers of the I.eague are those Avho try to con¬ 
fine it to a narrow and partisan policy and stop its 
true growth. We invite the fullest study and dis¬ 
cus.sion of the principles laid doAvn in this statement. 
* 
T he suggestion in Hope Farm Xotes about col¬ 
lecting junk for the Red Cross may mean 
something in your neighborhood. In most communi¬ 
ties there may be found piles of old metal and 
bags of rags or rubber shoes or many old bottles. 
As this junk lies on most farms it is Avorthless. if 
not a nui.siiuce. Yet if it could be collected, sorted 
and shipped it would bring considerable money. The 
Red Cross needs every dollar Ave can find for it. 
Its Avork is to take human lives off the fearful scrap 
heap of Avar and save them for humanity. The junk 
noAv in your nei.ghborhood has no value to you or 
an.A’one else, yet it may be put to good use and pro¬ 
vide money for a Avorthy cause. By all means, let 
us donate the use of hor.se or car and our own labor 
if needed to turn this junk into justice. 
W E never had so many letters about using lime 
on top of a grain or grass cro]). It seems 
that last Fall or .Spring a good many farmers seeded 
to grass and clover Avith Avheat, rye or oats. They 
intended to use lime at the time, hut for some rea- 
.son could not do so. The land is sour and the clover 
does not thrive. Xoaa- they Avant to spread the 
lime on the clover, after grain harvest, Avithout 
Avorking the soil. We haA'e never obtained the full 
value of lime Avhen .spread in this Avay. It Avill 
help someAvhat, and on some soils more than on 
others, but the true Avay to use lime is to Avork it 
thoroughly into the upper soil at seeding. If Ave 
did try this plan Ave Avould use a fine ground lime- 
.stone. 
I T is noAA’ about the last call for that silo if you 
have not decided to build one this year. If you 
have cattle to feed an acre of corn in the silo is 
Avorth from IY 2 to tAvo acres in the field to be husked 
and hauled in. There is less Avaste in the .silo, and 
the silage has that quality called “succuleime,” Avhich 
every coav and every human responds to. The .silo 
to the barn family i.s Avhat the Avife’s outfit of canned 
goods is to the house ’family. Together they carry 
the pasture and the farm garden right into AYinter. 
As a Avar measure building a silo ranks Avith putting 
up a third-line defense to hold off the enemy. You 
cannot afford to have good corn rot in the field as 
much of it did last Winter. Silo filling has come 
to be a regular job, and you can usually get that 
done Avhen you cannot get husking and hauling done 
on time. Last call for the silo for this com crop! 
-V ton of silage is Avorth one-third as much as a ton 
of clover hay. 
T here have been many letters of late about 
raising- fish in farm ponds. INIany country peo¬ 
ple seem to think that a small pond ma.v increase 
food .supply—much the same as a chicken j’ard. 
Tho.se Avho are interested in this ought to get a 
pamphlet entitled “Fish Ponds on Farms,” by R. .S. 
Johnson and M. F. .Stapleton. It is Document 826, 
issued by the Bureau of Fisheries at Wa.shington, 
D. C., and costs five cents. This little pamphlet 
gives a plain story of fish raising under farm condi¬ 
tions aiid ought to help the dozens of people AA’ho 
apply to us. 
«: 
I FIGURE that the more of us young fellows get into 
the game the sooner the “drive” will be OA’er and Ave 
can come back to our knitting once more. Meanwhile 
things seem to be coming the Avay of most people, as I 
see Congre.ss has just opened up its heart and given 
the President control of the telegraph and telephone 
lines. This is “Avire-piilling” to some purpose. I figure 
Ave’ll haA’e a better country to come back to in pay¬ 
ment for our little personal sacrifice and inconvenience 
overseas. AnyAvay. I like to think .so, and if I don’t 
benefit from it, Avhy, my boys Avill; .so I can’t lose 
either Avay. 
HAT is from a young fellow Avho is just getting 
ready to join the army in France. It is the 
spirit Avhich has inspired so many of our .voung 
men, and is making our boys into the finest soldiers 
this Avorld has ever seen. This young man is right. 
He or his boys (and Ave hope both of them) Avill 
find a better -country in the future. It Avill be a 
better place to live in and a happier and more beau¬ 
tiful place for all Avho have helped through sacrifice 
to make it so. In the years folloAving the Avar the 
regrets Avill be chained to those Avho Avould not give 
something out of their lives to help their country. 
And this applies not only to the younger people 
Avho must fight, but to the older people Avho must 
farm. We Avlm .t^tpA’ I't I'ome have 'mr liattles. too. 
July 27, 1918 
against the Kaisers of politics and business. In the 
past it has been a favorite task of the politicians to 
tell the younger generation that they must be worthy 
of their sire.s. It is about time some of us got busy 
in the home battles so as to be worthy of our sons! 
T he California citrus fruit groAvers have de¬ 
veloped the best cooperative plan for selling 
that has yet been Avorked out by producers. Even 
AA'ith this the.A' receiA'e less than 40 cents of the 
consumer’s dollar. It is well understood that if 
these .groAA'ers did not haA’e this selling organization 
they could not live. The value of their laud Avould 
l)e cut in half or more, and they would be driven out 
of their present business. It is coming to be under¬ 
stood as a definite law of business that the value of 
farm land is determined by the share of the eon- 
sumer's dollar lehieh its products bring to the farm. 
Years ago Sir John B. Lawes laid doAvn the rule 
that high farming is no remedy for Ioav prices. Thus 
the .‘>5-cent dollar becomes the big question in 
agriculture. 
A S the .Summer goes on the damage to fruit trees 
from the last fearful Winter becomes more 
apparent... Many trees started in the Spring, but 
haA'o steadily failed. The leaves are small and light 
colored, and the Avood is unhealthy. They were 
frozen to the heart, and Avill either die or daAvdle 
along for a feAv years and then take on neAv life. 
In XeAv England and Xorthern Xgav York the Bald- 
Avins in particular have been badly hurt. This is 
a serious blow, for the BaldAvin is the .standard 
apple for the.se localitie.s— aa’cII knoAvn and sought 
by buyers. It will be hard to find a full substitute 
for BaldAvin. Yet it is OA’ident that in many parts 
of XoAv En.gland this must be done. :McIntosh seems 
hardier than BaldAvin. and there i.s little report of 
damage to it. We may not haA’e another such 
B inter for 25 year.s, but there AA’ill alAA’ays be the 
fear of it. and OA’identl.A’ our Xorthern apple groAA’ers 
must hunt for ugaa’ or hardier varieties. 
«c 
A DOG .Strayed here and we fed him. I informed 
asse.ssors he was not m.v dog and the.v could have him. 
They claimed I mu.st pay taxes and' license, and was 
liable to fine for harboring him. Is it not their duty 
to dispose of him? Can they fine me or collect taxes, 
etc.. AA'hen I am willing to give him up? A. I,, r. 
Xew Y'ork. 
HE latest dog la\A' states that “the word ‘OAvner,’ 
referring to the OAA’ner of a dog, includes a person 
harboring or keeping such a dog.” Again, the laAv 
states that “a person Avho oavus, harbors or keeps a 
dog ,shall obtain a license.” In this case we think 
your keeping and feeding this dog so that he made 
his home Avith you. makes you re.s*ponsible for him— 
under this Iuaa’. The officers can take this dog and 
kill him if he Ls unlicensed, but if you have “har¬ 
bored” him you are probably liable for the license 
fee or fine—under this remarkable Uiaa’. 
* 
F armers in the East and near manufacturing 
plants are finding many Avaste products given 
aAvay or .sold at a Ioaa’ price. Some of them carry 
quite a little plant food and Avould help as fertilizers. 
We can often give the average analysis for such 
wastes—or what they ought to contain, but that is 
only guessAA’ork. When a man spends his money 
he ought to know Avhat he i.s buying. There ought 
to be some Avay for a farmer to get a fair analysis 
of a sample of these Avastes. Then he could figure 
accurately. The State of Florida makes such an- 
aly,se.s free of charge to farmers, and this is a great 
help. We do not think any other State does thi.s, 
but arrangements ought to be made for giving such 
analysis free or for a very small charge. It Avould 
be a part of genuine conservation to encourage farm¬ 
ers to investigate these Avaste.s. 
Brevities 
In order to give a good answer Ave must first have a 
good question—clearly stated. 
The Xation needs your potatoes and it also needs 
your patriotism. 
Xo, you cannot expect a tractor to milk coavs or jiick 
strawberries! Do not expect a small boy to act like 
an old man unless you crush the youth out of him. 
Take our advice and get ready for the fuel supply 
by laying in a big stock of wood. Coat Avill be short 
again. 
A NEAV Avay of using bisulphide of carbon for killing 
grain insects is to pour it over burlap bags and then 
thrust these Avet bags down into the grain in an air¬ 
tight bin. 
On page 878 Ave stated that a dog sleeping on the 
public higliAvay has no legal standing as regards injury 
from cars. That does not apply to live chickens. . The 
OAvner can obtain damages Avheu the chickens are killed. 
An American citizen Avill remain such until he. of 
his own Avill. becomes a citizen of another country and 
takes an oath to support it. Xo matter Avhere he lives 
he remains an American until he puts himself out by 
sAvearing allegiance to another nation. 
