She RURAL NEW-YORKER 
941 
New York 
State Fair 
WILL HAVE MANY NEW 
FEATURES—BUT THE 
BIGGEST FROM VIEW- 
POINT OF FARMERS AND 
MANUFACTURERS WILL BE 
A Farm Tractor 
Show 
Forty Acres of New Land 
AVAILABLE FOR DEMONSTRA- 
TIONS OF FARM MACHINERY 
—FIXED AREA TO BE ALLOT- 
ED TO EACH EXHIBITOR 
The Tractor is the big thing in 
Agriculture today—it has passed 
the experimental stage and is 
I doing the work. It solves two big 
problems—the Shortage in Farm 
Labor and Draft Horses. 
It is to the Interests of 
Manufacturers of Trac¬ 
tors to be Represented 
Farmers owe it to their country 
and to themselves to witness the 
real tests and avail themselves of 
the most useful machinery the 
market affords. 
Cattle, draft horses, sheep, swine 
and poultry departments bigger 
than ever — many increases in 
premiums. 
Fair will be National as well as 
State in scope. Five Cabinet De¬ 
partments of Federal Government 
—War, Navy, Agriculture, Com¬ 
merce and Interior—represented 
by Extensive Exhibits, 
Syracuse, September 
9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 
u-r • - ’ . -.I' f v., 
est; prices 
foFyourold 
BAGS 
Write us _ 
today for new 
advanced prices , 
We pay the frei^t 
IROQUOIS BAG CO., 395 Howard St., Buffalo, N.Y. 
—IS 
ces^l 
A. 
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1895 Oakland Ave.^ Kansas City, Mo. 
1895 Empire Bldg., Pittsburgh, Pa. 
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BOOKS on all subjects of farming by leading 
authorities are for sale by The Rural New- 
Yorker, 333 West Thirtieth Street, New York 
RURALISMS 
Hawkweed or Devil’s Paint Brush 
I enclose flower iiiul stalks of a weed 1 
have found in my meadow and in my 
wheat. It grows about 15 inches high 
and the leaves nestle around the stalk 
close to the ground. I bought this farm 
just about a year ago, and find it very 
productive where it gets intensive work, 
but previous owner was not physically 
able to attend to it and therefore weeds 
got quite a start. This weed is a new one 
to me; some here call it the “devil’s paint 
brush” and chey are (piietly allowing it to 
paint their fields. I have ten acres of 
Spring wheat in which I seeded Timothy 
and clover, and have a good catch. Some 
of the weed is in it. and I went through 
and pulled it, hut in the meadow that 
would be a serious task, about eight acres. 
Is it an annual or perennial? Will buck¬ 
wheat smother it? The land is so placed 
that I cannot use corn or potatoes on it. 
Grant, N. Y. A. T. S. 
This weed, devil’s paint brush or orange 
hawkweed, Ilieraciiim aurantiacum, is 
now becoming a pest in many localities. 
It is not a native, but like many other 
troublesome weeds, is an “assisted immi¬ 
grant” from Europe. It spreads both by 
its winged seeds and by creeping stems, 
and soon overruns land that cannot be 
plowed, such as rocky pastures. Hand 
pulling before it seeds is good when it can 
be practiced. Although it grows so vig- 
ourously, all the roots are close to the sur¬ 
face, and in land used for cultivated crops, 
plowing down and surface cultivation will 
kill it. Infested meadows and pastures 
should be broken up aud put under a 
short rotation. Common salt, broadcast 
on hawkweed at the rate of 18 pounds to 
the square rod, will destroy the hawk¬ 
weed, and on pastures too rough for plow¬ 
ing it would be well to use this treatment 
on patches of hawkweed. Every effort 
should be made to eradicate it. Unfortu¬ 
nately some dealers in hardy plants have 
listed this pernieions weed as an orna¬ 
mental. 
BBI 
Oak Trees and Drought 
I have many oak trees around the 
house, giving good shade. One of the 
best and largest seems to he dead. I send 
some leaves. I graded last Fall to get a 
good lawn. This tree was standing in a 
hollow and the sand came up to about 
two feet around the trunk. Is there any¬ 
thing I can do to save the trees? B. 
Bridgman, Nlich. 
The appearance of the leaves indicates 
that the tree is suffering from a lack of 
water, and the proper remedy in this case 
is to supply it iu ample quantity. A con¬ 
venient way to do this is to make a series 
of holes around the tree, using an iron bar 
for the purpose. The holes should not be 
more than four feet apart, should dot the 
entire surface overhung by the brauchces, 
and should extend about two feet below 
the grading of last Fall. Then apply 
water until the ground is thoroughly 
saturated, and keep it saturated for a 
month. If this interferes with the ap¬ 
pearance of the hnfn, a more elaborate 
method is to make the holes with a post- 
hole auger, fill them nearly full with 
coarse gravel, and connect the gravel 
with the surface by means of a piece 
of pipe or small tiling. Add loam until 
the hole is filled and then cover with sod. 
Apply water until the ground is satu¬ 
rated, and it will be well, also, to apply 
a fertilizer carrying a high percentage 
of nitrogen. It is probable that the 
branches that have not yet put forth 
leaves are entirely dead, thotigh it is pos¬ 
sible that, unless there are complications 
not shown by the leaves, that they may 
yet revive. If the filling was of sand or 
light loam, no serious results should fol¬ 
low, though it would have been better to 
inclose the trunk with a wall or casing. 
If, however, the filling was of heavy clay 
it is almost certain that the death of the 
tree will result unless a wall is built 
around the trunk. c. o. o. 
Beekeepers Field Meeting 
The New .fersey Beekeepers’ Associa¬ 
tion will hold a Field Meeting in O. ^1. 
"Whitaker’s Apiary at Branchville. Sussex 
Co., on Friday, .August 9, 1918, commenc¬ 
ing at ten o’clock in the morning. The 
principal feature will be the demonstra¬ 
tion, so fii"^ as practicable, of the manipu¬ 
lations described in parts I to IX of Cir¬ 
cular 15 wliich has been sent tliis year 
to all beekeepers ou the mailing list. You 
are invited to demonstrate any nlan which 
has proven helpful. Bring your veil and 
your lunch. 
Help Fl^ht 
the War 
in the 
Cornfield 
100 Per Cent 
of the 
Corn Crop 
You can do It with a concrete silo, and 
keep green fields on tap through the 
winter. 
A concrete silo prevents the 40 per cent 
waste of the corn crop that happens 
when corn is harvested in the old way. 
You should have a concrete silo be¬ 
cause it is rotproof, ratproof, windproof, 
fireproof, permanent. 
Write for Bulletins Nos. 55 and 56 
riAND CEMENT ASSOCIATION 
A 1 O/flCGJ' at C I T 1 
Atlnnta t\ ♦ VT \/ r Salt Lako City 
i^\ . , JL/elroil IXansas K^ily iNewTork c r • 
Chicago Milwa^ee ParlcersLur^ 
a as Indianaeplis Minneapolis PittstjuT^K 
L7en-ver Washington. D.V.. 
Concrete for Permanence 
Light Weight All-Purpose Cushman Motor 
Saves a Team on Potato Digger 
TRIGGER with Cushman 
J--' Motor and one team will dig 
a greater acreage and is easier on 
horses than digger without en¬ 
gine and-four horses. Motor runs 
all machinery; horses merely pull 
digger out of gear. 
The steady even motion prevents 
choking of digger and gives better 
separation cf potatoes from dirt— 
leaving potatoes on top of loose 
ground. 
Easy to operate. Full control by 
one lever. Not necessarj' to stop 
engine to stop digger machinery. 
Progressive manufacturers already 
have attachments for the Cushman. 
Cushman Motors for All Farm Work 
They do all the work any farm engine can do; besides, on account of their 
extremely light weight and steady operation, they do many jobs ordinary 
engines cannot do. 
4 H. P. weighs only 190 lbs. Besides doing all 
other work, it may be attached to grain and com 
binders, potato diggers, etc. Steady power makes 
it splendid engine for electric light outfits. 
8 H. P, weighs only 320 lbs. Besides doing all 
other work, it may be mounted on hay presses, saw 
rigs, corn pickers, 4-hole corn shellers, etc. 
15 H.P. weighs only 780 lbs. and 20 H. P. only 
1200 lbs.—powerful 2-cylinder engines for heavy 
duty work such as silo-filling, shredding, heavy 
grinding, threshing, etc. 
Cushman Engines have Throttling Governor, Scheb* 
ler Carburetor and Friction Clutch Pulle.y. They are high 
grade engines—not cheap, but cheap in the long run. Ask for 
book on Light-Weight Engines, stating your power needs. 8 H. P. 2-Cylindey Cushman 
CUSHMAN MOTOR WORKS, 847 N. 21st St., LINCOLN, NEB. 
(263A) 
When you write advertisers mention The R. N.-Y. and you*It get a 
quick reply and a ‘‘square deal.” See guarantee editorial page. 
