RURAL NEW-YORKER 
957 
Garden and Poultry 
Moving Raspberries 
I have some young raspberries which I 
would like to change to a different loca¬ 
tion after fruiting is ovei\ Have heard 
it could be done through the Summer or 
Fall. Which would be the best month to 
change them? N. j. G. 
Schoharie Co., N. Y. 
Summer planting will not do for rasp¬ 
berries. Fall and Spring are the seasons 
for transplanting this and all other taU 
or woody«bush fruits. Raspberries some¬ 
times suffer considerably in Northern sec¬ 
tions when set out in the Fall, as the 
Winter temperature is pretty severe on 
them, even when well established. We 
would therefore recommend that you de¬ 
fer planting until Spring. April would 
probably be the best month for the work 
in your latitude. 
Increasing the Endive Crop 
Endive, a hardy greenhouse and forcing 
crop, is being recommended for lettuce 
where fuel regulations make it necessary 
to save coal, particularly in sections 
where stipulated amounts of coal are 
given to hothouse producers. This plant 
has been grown to some extent in the 
East, but recent experiments with endive 
at the Ohio Experimental Station prove 
its worth for Ohio truckers. ... 
Although the culture of endive is simi¬ 
lar to lettuce it may be grown in green¬ 
houses W'ith a much lower temperature 
than is required for lettuce, or it may be 
forced during its period of growth and 
then blanched at a temperature slightly 
above freezing. In addition, endive so far 
has been immune to the diseases which 
often cause serious loss in lettuce culture. 
This suggestion comes from the Ohio 
Experiment Station at Wooster. There 
is a^.ready a fair market for endive, but 
considerable publicity will be needed in 
order to induce consumers to substitute 
it for lettuce. That is worth trying as a 
“war measure.” 
Woodchucks, Steel Traps and Beans 
Woodchucks are bothering my garden. 
They cat off the leaves of my Hubbard 
s(iuash, my rauskmelons, my cabbage and 
my Golden Wax bush beans. But strange 
to me is the fact that they do not eat the 
small white pea beans that we use for 
baked beans. Six rows of the Golden 
Wax are all eaten off; next to them are 
rows of the small white field beans, and 
not one of them is touched. A farmer’s 
daughter told me that the taste of the 
leaf of the field beans was entirely dif¬ 
ferent from that of the string beans, and 
that woodchucks seldom or never ate the 
field beans, I wonder if that is generally 
known, and if the experience of others 
coincides w'ith mine? 
There is in my yard a small poultry- 
house 10x10 ft., built on skids that hold 
it about four inches above the ground. 
Woodchucks seem possessed to dig under 
this house. There are four holes where 
they get under. (I had boarded it down 
to the ground to keep wind from blowing 
under the floor). I set steel traps in 
each of these holes, covering the traps 
with grass or leaves. Woodchucks got in 
all the traps and got out without any 
trouble. I sent to New York and bought 
bigger traps opening five to six inches, 
with more powerful springs. Same thing: 
woodchucks got out without any trouble. 
These traps have a chain about two feet 
long with a ring in the end, through 
which a small stake is driven to anchor 
the trap. I had an idea the short chain 
and stake gave a rigid thing to pull 
against; if I inserted a spiral spring in 
the chain that would give as the “chuck” 
pulled, then draw him back as he released 
on the pull, perhaps that would hold him. 
Great head; get a patent on it; millio.ns 
in it, etc., etc. I sent and had some 
springs made, coils ^^-inch diameter, 
springs eight inches long; tension just 
about right. I put them on the chains 
and set traps. Same old thing; wood¬ 
chucks got out just the same. Then I 
thought if the trap jaws were made 
thinner—they are %-inch thick—it would 
hold better, so filed them down nearly to 
an edge, then I filed saw teeth in the 
edge of the jaws, and on some traps cut 
with a cold chisel slanting notches in 
the edge, turning up a barb, like the barb 
on a fishhook. I thought that would prick 
through his tough hide and hold him, sure. 
But it doesn’t; they get out of those traps, 
too, leaving a little hair, scraped off their 
legs, in the trap. I have a big double 
spring trap that looks as if it would hold 
an elephant. I cannot set it by standing 
one the springs; have to close one spring 
in the vise on my workbench and the 
other spring with a thumbscrew, before 
I can open the jaws to set it. It does 
not seem possible that a woodchuck could 
get out of that, but he has, not once, but 
several times. 
Does anyone know, of a trap that will 
hold a woodchuck, where it can be got, 
and what is the price? 
GEO. A. COSGROVE. 
R. N.-Y.—This is surely a case where 
the woodchuck would chuckle when the 
trap wouldn’t chuck him under the wood. 
Fleas in Henhouse 
Will you tell me how to get rid of fleas 
in my chickenhouse? Spraying does not 
seem" to do any good. I have heard of 
some chemical which, when burned, gave 
off a poisonous gas. What is this, and 
how much would you need for a house 
12x30, eight feet front and four feet 
j* j* V M • R. S • 
Connecticut. 
Ordinary sulphur is sometimes burned 
to rid poultry-houses of parasites, and is 
probably as effectual as anything that you 
.could safely use, though few poultry- 
houses are sufficiently tight to make fumi¬ 
gation a practicable method of extermi¬ 
nating vermin. Thorough cleansing of a 
house, after removal of all loose litter, 
and painting or spraying with a coal tar 
disinfectant or other suitable insecticide is 
usually more satisfactory in results than 
attempted fumigation with poisonous gas. 
If you wish to fumigate, however, close 
all cracks of the henhouse about windows 
and elsewhere and burn several pounds 
of sulphur by making a conical heap of it 
in an iron pan over a tub partly filled 
with water, turning a little wood alcohol 
upo.u it and touching a match at the top. 
Five pounds of sulphur does not cost 
much and will make quite a smudge while 
burning. It will not kill poultry para¬ 
sites, however, unless the resulting gas is 
closely confined to the building, and the 
poultry-house will require considerable 
airing before the fowls can be readmitted. 
Loss of Young Turkeys 
I have raised 20 turkeys; they are now 
five weeks old, but this week they started 
to die, one after another. One day they 
seem sick, next morning are dead. I feed 
them with sour milk, eggs and fine 
chicken food. The temperature in chicken 
house in day is 75 to 80 degrees, at night 
00 to 05 degrees. Can you tell me what 
I should do to stop further loss? ir. s. 
Michigan. 
While young poults are subject to vari¬ 
ous diseases, as are other kinds of fowls, 
the most common cause of serious losses 
among flocks of turkeys is a disease 
known as black-head. This is an infecti¬ 
ous disease acquired by picking up a dis¬ 
ease-producing organism with their food 
from the ground over which they range. 
One diseased bird scatters the infection 
widely and few localities are sufficiently 
free from it to make turkey raising prac¬ 
ticable on any large sale. No practicable 
method of protecting young turkeys from 
“black-head” has yet been found and 
there is no known cure for it. If a flock 
of turkeys survives to maturity, it seems 
to be largely a matter of good fortune 
rather than .skill. Raising the flock on 
new ground that has not been infected by 
other flocks of turkeys or other poultry 
is, of course, reommended, but it seems to 
be pretty difficult to find very much “new 
ground” of this sort. M. B. D. 
Tuberculosis in Fowls 
Some of my chickens begin to get light, 
lose their color, but continue to live, run 
around and eat until they die. Upon 
dissection they all have diseased livers. 
The liver seems to be full of yellow and 
white lumps that resemble dried pus, and 
it is enlarged three or four times. What 
ails them, and bow treat to prevent in¬ 
fection ? E. G. o. 
Idaho. 
These fowls are evidently affected with 
tuberculosis, for which there is no cure. 
If badly affected, it would be well to dis¬ 
pose of the flock and start with healthy 
fowls. If only a few are diseased, they 
should be removed from the flock and the 
quarters should be made obnoxious to dis¬ 
ease germs. This can be effected through 
the observation of cleanliness and the ad¬ 
mission of air and sunlight in as unlim¬ 
ited quantities as it is possible to secure. 
Tuberculosis frequently affects some mem¬ 
bers of a flock without materially spread¬ 
ing. It is serious only when general. 
M. B. D. 
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car. 
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• 
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Name... 
Address 
County. 
State 
- 2,000 - 
HAY CAPS 
46"x46"—S4c each 
With eyelets—Mildew-proofed 
Hay and Machine Covers—any size— 
immediate delivery 
Everything in Canvas 
C. M. GIBBS 
Est. 1866 SYRACUSE, N. Y. 
lE have books on 
all subjects of 
farming by rec¬ 
ognized authorities. 
Write us and we will 
quote you prices .*. 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
333 West 30th Street, New York 
Don’t Experiment-Buy a “Hoover” 
The “ Hoover ” Potato Digger Gives Service and Satisfaction 
The Standard for over 33 years 
THE HOOVER MANUFACTURING COMPANY, Avery. Ohio, U. S. A. 
Sold exclusively by 
Syracuse. N. Y. JOHN DEERE PLOW COMPANY Baltimore, Md. 
