1U90 
IShe RURAL NEW-YORKER 
September 21, 1918 
market. 'I'lie f.Trniers in tlie Ilarletn 
^'alle.v are j)lanninK to send some of their 
jirodtiee like potatoes or ajtples in <arload 
lots <^>11 the railroad, the truck beinp; used 
to assemble these >fi>ods from the farm. 
'J'he more j)erishable produce which wotild 
not stand such shipment will be sent di¬ 
rect by truck. That is putting it jtrojierly 
<01 the market. 
During the jiast .season there has been 
a most remarkable develojiment in the use 
of these trucks and thousands of farmers 
who were formerly at the mercy of the 
railroad or slow hor.se travel are now 
sending their goods pi'omptly and rapidly 
into market. This helps them save on 
transportation charges and also enlarges 
their market outlook. Everything of this 
sort, however, naturally brings new 
trouble, and the following note from a 
fruit grower in the Hudson A'alley tells 
one of them: 
“I think I told you before that I htive 
been running my stuH' by truck to the 
.Mbany city market. Started wkh asitara- 
gus aiul have contintied ever since. I am 
now finishing liartletts and busy with 
McIntosh and Wealthy. There is always 
e good sale for good ripe fruit, soimdliing 
which can be sedd to consumer same day. 
It is, however, a very hard game. Many 
trucks start loading by 3.0 o’clock P. M. 
for other towns in order to get a g<iod 
stand and take advantage of all classes of 
trade. We have to leave home by eight 
P. M., and sometimes do not get home 
much before noon next day. I expect to 
sleep most of the Winter to make up. It 
has sure been my hc»t year so far, how¬ 
ever. 
How to Select Beans for Seed 
The most economical w'ay to increase 
the yield of bean.s is by careful selection 
of the seed. (>uite frequently one will 
hear a gardener or a farmer say after 
planting undesirable ,se(*<l which has pro¬ 
duced perhaps less than half a crop, 
“Poor seed is dear at any price.” It is 
strange to say that almost every producer 
knows this fact, and several of them fail 
to put it into practice every year. No 
doubt here is one reason why many of 
our producers are not success'ful. Time 
spent in selecting seed is well spent. Be 
patriotic this Fall by .selecting enough 
seed beans for yourself and your neigh¬ 
bor. 
Every producer has noticed a big differ¬ 
ence in the size and vigor of the plants 
soon after they appear above the ground, 
and especially the difference in the pro¬ 
ductivity of the individual plants. These 
differences may be due to several things. 
It may be that theie is more available 
plant food near the roots of some jtlants 
than others. Disease is liable to reduce 
the size of some plants, and decrease their 
yields. Furthermore, some plants are nat¬ 
urally weak. This form of weakness is a 
hereditary characteristic of the plant. 
Careful selection of seed will aid im¬ 
mensely in the elimination of disease and 
plants of low vitality. 
The most effective time to select seed 
beans is just before harvest, when the 
beans have reached the stage of maturity. 
At this particular time one can select 
b(jth for freedom of disease and high pro¬ 
ductivity. After the crop has been har¬ 
vested one can select pods free from the 
apjiearance of disease- but not for high 
yielding qualities. And after the beans 
have been thrashed or shelled, it is al¬ 
most impossible ever to select beans free 
from disease, because many of the minute 
infectious are likely to be overlooked. 
The writer has selected beans in the field 
from high p!-oducing i)lants and from pods 
.after harvest. The former method gives 
more satisfactory results than the latter. 
The first essential in selecting beans in 
the field is to select plants free from dis¬ 
ease, and second, the most productive 
plants. Healthy plants Avill yield better 
than diseased ])iants. But there is a big 
difference in the productivity of healthy 
idant.s, as stated above. Although _ some 
of the best yielding plants may be slightly 
affected with a disease, a less productive 
plant may be free from disease. I'liere- 
fore. in selecting beans for seed i)urposes 
one must watch out very closely for dis¬ 
ease infections. However, it is not nec¬ 
essary to .select seed from plants that are 
absolut<‘ly free from <lisease. If only a 
few i»ods of a productive plant are af¬ 
fected with q disease like anthracnose. the 
healthy pods may be i)icked for seed and 
the diseased ones left on the vines. Bods 
which are discolored should not be select- 
■ed for seed. In .selecting seed beans from 
pods after harvest, it is advisable to select | 
l)ods containing the maximum number of 
plump, well-formed beans. 
By careful selection of seed against dis¬ 
ease, it is possible to select a strain that 
is quite resistable and probably immune 
to certain disease.s. At the same time, 
one is able to breed up a strain of beans 
that have high yielding ability. There is 
a big difference in the power of some va¬ 
rieties to resist disea.ses more than other's. 
1 -^r example, the Golden Wax is suscep¬ 
tible to disease; on the other hand, the 
Bed Kidney is quite resistant. Diseased 
.^ines and pods should be burned. Wide 
crop rotation is another means of con- 
/rolling bean diseases. 
WALTER :^r. PEACOCK. 
Mas.sachusetts Agricultural College. 
Disking Oat Ground for Wheat 
I would like your advice a.s to di.sking 
at ground for wheat. I have some oat 
round that is very loose, and covild be 
Ut in good shape by disking, and with 
less work than jdowing. I have never 
seen this tried, and have .asked several in 
regard to it. Some favor and some dis¬ 
courage the j)lan. I want to put my 
wheat in the ground .so as to obtain the 
best results; am going to fertilize in 
either case. c. v. F. 
X.'isbport, O. 
This is a matter that cannot be def¬ 
initely settled when soils and locations 
are contrastetl. and then what would be 
a success one year owing to climatic con¬ 
ditions would fail another season. Me 
wouhl expect a greater .success in disk¬ 
ing wheat on oat stubble on clay ground, 
well stocked with humus. If the soil 
was light and loose, I would roll it before 
and .‘ifter seeding to make the soil as com¬ 
pact as ]K)ssible. On the latter soil, I 
would use at least 400 pounds of 14 per 
cent acidulated phosphate, and not at¬ 
tempt any goods with only a small 
amount of nitrogen and potash to “ex¬ 
cuse” the higher <‘ 0 .st. M’lu'at does not 
re<)uire a deeply worked seed bed, if the 
fertilitv is well in the surface. In <-atch 
crojis for M’inter protection we have 
found that a good disking was .as good 
as plowing, if it was rolled to firm the 
soil, but it leaves much oat stubble scat¬ 
tered on the sui-face, which is really an 
advantage as a protecting mulch to the 
growing crop. 6' 
Philadelphia Markets 
iu:tteb. 
Fancy itrints. fiO to 01c; tub creamery, 
best, o.’j to r>0)c; medium to good, 4<S to 
:j.”c; packing stock, ”0 to o8c. 
• EGGS. 
I'ancy. nearby, 54 to 55c; gathered, 
best, 48 to 40c; common to good, 40 to 
4.5 c. 
I.IVE POUI.TRY. 
Fowls, PA to 5<)C; chickens, 5.S to 57c; 
roosters. 20» to 27c; ducks, 50 to .‘l.Oc; 
ju'geons, pair. 50 to .5.5c. 
DKKSSEn POULTRY. 
Fowls. .55 to .58c; chickens. .50 to 40c; 
Spring ducks. 57 to .58c; roosters, 28c; 
S(juabs, doz., $7 to .$8.2.5. 
FRUITS. 
Apples, bbl., $2.50 to $7..50; % bu. bkt., 
.50c to $1..50; jieaches, 0-bkt. crate, $1.50 
to .$2.50; muskmelons. bu., $1 to $2.50; 
grapes, .5-lb. bkt., 15 to 19c; pears, Bart¬ 
lett, $2.50 to $0. 
VEGETABLES. 
Potatoes, No. 1, bbl., ,$,5..50 to $4.75; 
No. 2. .$2 to .$5; sweet potatoe.s. new, 
bbl.. $5 to $0; green peas, bu., $1 to 
.$2..50; onions, bu., 90c to $1.10. 
HAY AND STRAW. 
Hay, No. 1 Timotbv, .$.51 to .$.52; No. 
2. $29 to $.50; No. 5, .$26 to .$27; clover 
mixed, $28 to .$.50; straw, rye, $17 to 
$18; oat and wheat, $12 to $14. 
“Much bothered with tramps out your 
way?” “I was until I tacked up a sign 
on my gate.” “.\h ! ‘Beware o the dog,’ 
I suppose.” “Oh. no. Simply ‘Farm help 
wanted.’ ”—Boston Tran.script. 
I’ll Take 
POSTUM! 
—you hear it more 
and more when one 
is asked what he’ll 
have for his morn¬ 
ing drink. 
Delightful aroma 
and taste.and free¬ 
dom from the dis¬ 
comforts that 
with coffee. 
Nourishing health¬ 
ful* economical. 
No Waste at aii- 
an important item 
these days. Give 
INSTANT POSTUM 
atrial. 
WM. LOUDEN 
Originator of 
Modern Labor- 
Saving Barn 
Equipment. 
Standing or Lying Down 
Cows Are Always Comfortable 
That is one of the distinctive, practical advantages of 
Louden Stalls and Stanchions—the secret of increased milk 
yield wherever they are installed. 
Louden Stalls and Stanchions combine in a superior degree all the 
essentials of comfort, safety, cleanliness, and convenience—they are 
noted for their simple construction, easy installation, durability and 
sreat strength. Note the smooth, graceful tubular steel construction 
and freedom from all trouble-making parts. 
Besides being the strongest and most comfortable cow tie made, the 
Louden Swinging Stanchion is the only one which permits the use of 
The Louden High Built-Up 
Feed-Saving Curb 
'vithc^l inconvenience to the cow. It prtoents cows from nosing feed out of the mangers onto the 
stall floor—saves many a dollar’s worth of high priced feed in the course of a year which 
would otherwise be wasted with the ordinary low level curb. Now, when every ounce of feed 
is needed, the Louden High Built-Up Feed-Saving Curb is a real necessity. 
With Louden Stalls and Stanchions and other Barn Equipment you can actu¬ 
ally save one*half your barn work every day in the year—for years to come. 
You can install Louden Stalls and Stanchions yourself in your present bam, just as it stands, 
at moderate cost, and will And it a paying investment even ir you have but a few cows. 
Large Louden Catalog Shows You How to Save Labor 
Its 224 passes with many fine illustrations show the full Louden Line of Labor-Saving Barn 
Equiprnent: Stalls and Stanchions, Litter and Feed Carriers, Animal Pens. Hay Unloading 
Tools, Power Hoists, Barn and Garage Door Hangers, Sanitary Water Bowls, Cupolas, Ven¬ 
tilators— Everything for the Barn.” Sent postpaid, no charge. 
. Barn Building Ejmerts can save you time, trouble and money if you contemplate 
budding a barn. Louden Barn Plan Book—I 12 pages of valuable information on every phase 
of barn-building, sent postpaid on request—no obligation. 
The Louden Machinery Company 
2623 Court St. (.EslablhheJ 1867) Fairfield, Iowa 
Branches: St. Paul, Minn., Albany, N, Y., Chicago, III. 
nalonevs Fruit and 
Ornatnenial 
m^TREES 
have given satisfaction for SI years. This 
fall tliey are lietter than ever—every tree 
covered by an abaoiule guarantee. All the 
Nut, Ornaniontul Trees, Vines, and Hhrubs 
grown inoiiriOO acreXnrsevies,the largest 
in New Yoric, are sold direct at cost plus 
one profit. Send for free, wholesale 
catalogue today. >1 uluncy ships ull 
stock by express and eliurKet pre¬ 
paid. hall riantiny rays. 
MALONEY BROS. A WELLS CO. 
21 Main Street, Dansvilif, N. Y. 
DansvilWt IHonetr WhoUaalc Nurseries 
FREE 
REES at HalFAsenfs Ibices 
GUARANI LED, Fir«t.class—True to Name— Free from 
Iliftcase, and to reach you In goofl Krowing condition. 
Good ussortment of Fruit Trees, OrnamenUl Trees and 
Sjirubs, Bush Fruits and (Jcnenil Nm scry Stock. FREE 
Catalog contains Planting and Growing Instructions. 
THE WM. J. 
163 Ossian Street 
REILLY 
NURSERIES 
Dansville, N. Y. 
Guaranteed by Certified Grower- 
R 
EGISTERED 
ED ROCK WHEAT 
OSEN RYE 
Over a 
Billion Dollars 
is the estimated annual loss on fruits, 
vegetables, etc. from insect pests. 
What’s YOUR Share? 
The war demands increased pro¬ 
duction and conservation of crops. 
SPRAYS THAT PA YS 
KEY BRAND 
INSECTICIDES 
WILL HELP YOU SAVE THE CROPS 
Your dealer can eupply you—or. if not, we will 
ahip direct to you. Write today for FREE book. 
State your dealer’s name and address. 
Ths Gcvsrnment aikt that you order early 
INTERSTATE CHEMICAL CO. 
14 Bayview Ave., Jeraey City, N. J. 
Pedigreed varieties developed at the Michigan Agricult¬ 
ural College and iiispeeted, aj)proved and registered by 
the Michigan Crop Iinprovenient .tssoeiation. Be sure 
and get pure Rosen as rye cross fertilizes readily. 
For list of growers write to Secretary of the Association. 
J. W. MICOLKSfX, Kast I.uiising, AIICIIIGAM 
Pot-Grown and Runner 
Strawberry Plants 
For September and Fall planting. Will bear fruit next 
snninier. Al.so KASI’HKKItY, KLACKKLItKf, OtlOSKHKiniY 
(IltltANf, ASPARLGUfi, tiUtl’E ri.AMS, Fit I IT TIIEE8 
SIIUI'BS. Catalogue free. HARRT L. SQUIRES, Eoad Ground, N. v] 
Strawberry Plants For Sale 
Layer plants for Aug., Sept, and Fall set'lng. Fifty varie¬ 
ties to select from, including the fall-hearing. Send for 
catalog and price li.st. J. KEIFFORO HALL. R. Na.2, Rhodisdale, Md. 
Aenaraidiie ROOTS, HORSERADISH SETS. CABBAGE, 
Asparagus beets, onion plants, lettuce, toma. 
TOES. EGG PLANTS, PEPPERS and CAULIFLOWER PLANTS. 
! Send for Price List. J. O. Schmidt, Itristol, Pa. 
I RUSSIAN PIIKUS RYE grVu'SrSt “f f;SS: 
! I to fi bu.. $?.75 per bu. Over 5 bu., $2.50, Bagged. 
Sample for stamp. CLOVERDALE FARM, Charlotte N. Y. 
Strawberry PBants Fot-Lu p^-g! 
Only first quality and lowest price. Money returned 
when not satisfied. IIENKY IleVINK, Mlliuay, N. .1. 
SEED RYE FOR heavy pro- 
OLLU niL run ONLC Olrown on our farms 
n I’enusylvunia from selected Russian seed, 
sample and price on application—supply limited. 
FAIKFIELU 1- AK.M.S TKAIM'JE, PA. 
QCCfl R VC “Wisoonsiu Pedigree,” clean, plump. 
OCCU nib HENRY A. TOHD, Doylestown, Penna. 
Standard Apple BARRELS 
Prompt shipment. Kobt. Gillies, Medina, N. Y. 
“Leap’s Prolific" SEED WHEAT 
OHiefnlly cleaned seed. S3.50 per hush., bags included. 
Prompt shipment. Also Winter Rye, $2.75 |)er bu^ll. 
MEAliOW FARM . HARTSHALE, N. Y. 
Two Excellent Vegetable Books 
By R. L, Walts 
Vegetable Gardening ..... $1.75 
Vegetable Forcing.2.00 
For sale by 
The Rural New-Yorker 
333 5V. 30th St.. New York 
