1156 
RURAL NEW-YORKER 
.. 
*"* ■^^;*.. ’*. '•' ^ ..■*• V 
This hook is fret. 
Write fur it today. 
The average stump prevents crops from 
occupying almost a square rod of ground. 
Every stump in your tilled fields means 
just so much less food for the boys who 
have gone overseas to fight for us. 
Whether we clear new land or not—it is 
our duty to make every foot of cultivated 
land count. 
Every farmer can do this at small cost 
with A'l'LAS Farm Powder. Blasting 
stumps, ditches and the soil of fields and. 
orchards will enable you to raise more 
crops with less labor. 
Learn more about farm explosives. Our 
illustrated book, “Better Farming,” ex-, 
plains scores of things you should know. 
A copy will be mailed you free. Check 
the subjects in which you arc interested: 
□ Stumj) lilasting 
□ lioiildcr ]?lasting 
□ Subsoil blasting 
□ Ditch Digging 
□ Road Making 
□ Tree Planting 
ATLAS POWDER COMPANY 
DiviMoii KNi: 
Wiliniiiirtoii, Delaware 
The Safest Explosive 
^fifre^Ori^rialiFarm-Rowden: 
Tree Protectors 
Protect your Trees from ItubbllN and Mice wltli 
our Protector. Itad'ords perfect protection at a 
little mori! tlian one cent per Tree. Satisfaction 
iruarantced. Write for prices. 
CALL'S NURSERIES. Perry, Ohio 
KHtabliHt)«d in 1877 
MALONEY TREES 
For Plnntlnjr, 
. H. Wh 
Fruit Rnd Orntinirntal, 
VincH, Shrului, Mnlonoy A 1 Quality, ilircct 
from the uurHory at whoIcHulo, 
4 BEARING AGE TREES, $2.60 
8 to lOJ fool, TrooB that will boar in HM9 : 
1 MeIntoHh U«‘d Apple* 1 HnrlU'tt ^ A 
I’oar ; 1 Mirntmoronry Sour Cherry A^nll 
1 Burbank Plum, all for . ^ 
Write for free xvholeeaU eatnlog todau 
MALONEY BROS. & WELLS CO.. 24 Main Bt., Oansville, N.Y. 
All etock ehipprd bu «r 7 >r<'«ii atid eharpee pretxiid 
Pot-Grown and Runner 
Strawberry Plants 
Por September and l'’iill planlimr. Will bear fi iiil, next 
BUinmer AIko KtSI-IIKItltV, lib AOKIIKICIIV, (iOOSKIIiaiUY 
(IIIKKA.NT, A H PA Hi O U8, <JUAPK PbANTH, KItlllT TItbKS 
HillUIIIS. CataloKue free. HARRY L. SQUIRES. Cood Ground, N. T 
6,000 KIEFFEK PEAK, 2 and H-yoar. 
6,000 YELLOW TKANSP, AI'PLE. 3 yenr 
6,000 DELICIOUS “ 2and3 year. 
600 MONTMORENCY CTIERKY, 3-yoar. 
lilUDOEVlIXK NUK.SKIIIES,Myer S Son.HBlDGKVlbbK,D el. 
Sitawbetry Plants Kor fall planting. 
Only fliHt quality anil lowest |>riee. Money relumed 
when not suti.slled. IIENKV DtOT.NK, Mllniay, N. J. 
TRAPPERS 
AloiiK In Nov. 
when fur.s net 
prime, Jim Hills 
wllllssiieaprlce 
list that any fur 
shipper can understand. There ivon’t bo anythin^ 
tiashy or sensational about it but the prices quoted 
and the i>rices paid will bo the same and that’s all 
any fair minded man expects. 
JAMES P. ELLIS. Exporter Raw Furs 
84-36 Mill Slreel MIDDLETOWN, N. V. 
Established 1H09. Price list free. 
Buy 
Sprayers 
Now 
The War Emergency 
Board requests that you 
Buy Now 
while they can be shipped 
High power, low down, 
short turning easy drawing* 
Sprayers are the Best. 
Do you want large, medium 
or small hand or power? 
lyrife at once name thi$ papmv 
“Friend” Mfg. Co. 
GASPORT. N. V. 
Afi:ent.f Waufd 
APPLE BARRELS 
SMAbb OK I.AKOR SIIII’MI 
W. K. SIl'l’LE, MlbKSKS, I 
Large Asparagus and Rhubarb Roots 
for next year’s crop or for forcing in cellar or groenhouso 
during winter. Also Witloof Chicory roots, Parsley, Let¬ 
tuce, Sage plants. Cat. free. HARRY L. SQUIRES, Good Ground.N.T 
A. SUSKIND & CO. 
154-56 W. 27THST., N. Y. 
Top Prices 
Square Deal 
Prompt Returns 
RAW FURS 
HANDSOME SOUVENIR GIVEN ON RECEIPT OP FIRST SHIPMENT 
GET YOURS EARLY. WRITE FOR OUR PRICE LIST t 
iiiul in every case where demonstrations 
have been given we have gone over the 
ground thoroughly, and i-ecommended ’ 
mixtures in accordance with our findings. 
The co-operators for the pa.sture demon¬ 
strations have all been well pleased, and 
stated that at lea.st their jia.sture.s have 
carried twice the amount of stock for the 
two years that the ordinary unimproved 
pastures have carried. A part of these 
received the same treatment, but instead 
of being plowed they were simply har¬ 
rowed over several timos and the grass 
mixture put on liefore the ground was 
harrowed the last time. 
I Concerning the impiiry about reseeding 
1 old pastures, that cannot be either har- 
! rowed or plowed, we are recommending 
the fidhrwiiig: So far we have not used 
the top-dre.s.sing ju-aetice Avith grass mix¬ 
ture long enough to recommend it to he a 
safe poliey. We are suggesting that a 
good application of lime he apjiliiHl and 
a mixture of Red-top and Orcliard grass 
of about equal amounts, say 10 pounds 
each per .acre he applied. In the Fall a 
light aiiplication of manure has proven 
advisable. ;^fO’i’ this practice is com¬ 
menced, if it is reseeded with a light 
seeding of the above mixture each year, 
a fairly good stand of gra.ss will he 
assured. I should think at least one ton 
I of limestone shfuild be aiiplied per acre. 
I It would dejiend upon the price Avhether 
or not caustii’ lime or ground limestone 
would he used. Doubtless a little (piicker 
results would he secured from the caustic 
lime, hut in the long run from the .$1 in¬ 
vested it is our opinion that ground 
limestone will give the greatest results. 
We do not think it is wise to try to 
TU’oduee meadows of hay on lands that 
cannot be plowed. This land can he made 
fairly .satisfactory for pastures and most 
favorable results received. I think in 
praetieally all instances it will he neces¬ 
sary where you are seeding down for 
pasture on land that cannot he worked to 
reseed a little each year if satisfaotnr.v 
results are to he secured. 
Allegany Co., N. Y. Ralph r. smith. 
Sunflowert—Tell Us About Them 
I have road many referenees to the 
raising of sunflowers ns a garden crop, 
but never saw any detailed account of 
their handling or productiveness, so T 
have been making .some observations and 
experiments. Last Fall we noticed that 
fowls, and especially half-grown i-hickens, 
are eager to get into a garden that con¬ 
tained a few sunflower plants, and we 
found finally that it was the sunflower 
seeds that they wore after. Ro last Sliriiig 
I transplanted volunteer sunflowers 
(we had always allowed a few to grow 
when they came up iu the garden as 
weeds). T set them about two feet apart 
and they made a long single row across 
the gurden. Volunte(*r jilants near by 
made the number up to HO. Every oit'e 
lived, though the weather was dry and 
eoiitinui'd so. Some were of the new red- 
flowered sort, and though I would recom¬ 
mend them for adding to the picturesque 
effect, they do not produce more than half 
as much seed as the old yellow ones. To¬ 
gether they were and arc still a fiery row 
in the garden, attracting the eye li long 
distanee off, and being vi.sited by swarms 
of bees. T do not know their honey-giv¬ 
ing qualities, hut it appears to he large. 
I am a great ailvocate of the .siiiglo-row 
planting of garden crojis. Corn will do 
immensely better in that way, and T know 
of no vegetable that will not do better so 
than in a solid bed. Some are out of the 
way early, some remain late, so that the 
late-growiiig beets, carrots, parsnip.s and 
cabbage are finally left with abundant 
space for Fall maturing. The sunflower 
row runs north and south, as all such 
rows should run, and it is a fiery one, 
and will remain so awhile yet. Tt was 
easy to plant close uj) to it, so it really 
takes up small .space iu the garden. If I 
were to plant more I sliould by all means 
sejiarate the rows some distance from 
each other. 
Now as to the crop. The .sunflower has 
one leading fancier, the wild yellowhird 
or Northern eaiiary. which will eat uji a 
big crop, never thinking of migrating 
South till the supply is gone. On the 
2;hl of August, seeing that these birds 
were takingthe seed so fast, I took potato 
orates and with a jack-knife cut off the 
ripe heads and so gathered three bushels 
of them, setting them in the .shop to ma¬ 
ture further. If they fail to dry out well 
or if the mice get after them Ave shall 
throw them out to the fowls early, but a 
Winter feed was what I had planned to 
make of them. I can think of no better 
cold-day occupation for fowls than the 
picking out of thc.se sunflower seeds. Be¬ 
ing so full of protein, they ought to he 
ver.v nourishing, but being very oily it 
would not answer to feed them heavily. 
The yellowbirds had already eaten, as I 
estimated, about a quarter of the heads I 
cut off, many of them having no seed left, 
itnd many otlnu’s not having many. So the 
only way of getting a full crop Avould he 
to gather them early. I found that the 
seed was already black with the yellow 
ray flower still out in full. I like to en¬ 
courage the birds, and would leave a few 
ulanls for th i. though the yellowhird, a 
seed eater, would doubtless eat just so 
much less of weed seeds as he ate more of 
sunflower seeds. To get the full Y*rop it 
would be necessary to gather it three or 
four times. I do not think I cut off more 
October 12, 1S)1S 
than a third of the eroj) on my first trip. 
The yield is not so easy to figure. Per¬ 
haps that is not needed, for the sunflower 
is easily the most jiroductive plant that I 
know. A single .seed, as I estimate the 
crop I have raised, will turn out 20 heads, 
one of them liaving at least (100 seeds, and 
on an average as large as this central one, 
the yield would be (1,000 seeds from one, 
and I have raised plants that produced 
two or three times as many. A sufliciehtly 
wet season would do much better by the 
crop than has been the case now. So the 
sunllower will turn out thousands of seeds 
where corn, the most productive cereal, 
produces only hundreds. 
In return for what I have learned by 
my experience Avith sunflowers as a crop 
I AA’ouid like to hear from someone who 
has raised them suoce.ssfully. I can raise 
them to my .satisfaction. They are the 
easiest crop that I know, hut the gather¬ 
ing and storing of them is what I would 
like to hear more about. I am sure they 
are well worth taking up, hut I have n 
notion that it might he easy to get mice 
among the stored seeds or to feed too 
many of them at a time. They serve as a 
host for the striped cucumber beetle. It 
does them no particular harm, but it 
might get a longer lease of life in that 
way. Still, this garden has long i)ro- 
duoed a few sunflowers and the htMitle is 
not numerous in cucumber time. Noav, if 
f)() plants at a moderate growth will turn 
out perhaps a bushel of seed,, how much 
could be raised on an acre? J. AV. c. 
Grafting Fruit Trees 
IIow can I graft a tree to grow better 
apples, pears and cherries? R. 
New York. 
Apple, pear and cherry grow readily 
from both cleft and Avhiji-grafting. The 
Avork is done in late Winter or early 
Sju-ing before the buds start, hut the sea- 
s'ou may be extended by cutting the scions 
Avhile thoroughly dormant and storing in 
a cool place Avhere they will not dry be¬ 
fore using. Small stocks, about the size 
of a lead pencil, are Avhip-grafted by mak¬ 
ing a slanting cut on both stock and 
scion and putting them together so that 
as mucli as possible of the inner bark 
will unite, Avinding Avith Avool yarn or 
raflia and covering the junction Avith wax. 
A tongue may be cut in the scion to fit 
a corresponding notch in the .stock, giv¬ 
ing a larger union of hark. After growth 
is well started the binding yarn is cut 
Avith a sharp knife to prevent choking. 
A scion contaiiiiiig two or three buds i.s 
suffii’iently long. The cleft graft is used 
in top-working larger trees. The stocks 
up to two inches in diameter are sjilit 
and held open Avith a wedge until the 
AA’odge-shaped si’ions, one on each side, 
are inserted, making sure to have a 
junction of the inner hark. Then the 
wedge is withdrawn and the wound 
Avaxed. In grafting ver.v largo stocks, 
notches are sawed on each side and fhe 
scions inserted in these notches. This 
avoids the extensive wound caused by 
splitting large limbs. 
The Passing of the Horse 
Will the horse ever become extinct? 
This question has been the subject of 
much conjecture. The most correct an¬ 
swer lies in the fact that avc live in an 
age Avlien the horses are gi'tting foAver. 
The number of horses .shipped from the 
Tfuited States to Furoiie for nrm.v_ seiwice 
is appalling and is slowly draining our 
iiorse market of its best stock. The 
tractor is taking the horse’s iilaoe Avitli 
the big farmers. But the farmers Avho 
are still oquiiiiied Avith horses declare that 
they have no horses to sidl, as the original 
lot ’of horses must stay on the farm. 
What Avill he the outlook for the horse 
in another .W years to couh*? The metro¬ 
politan fire learn Avith Uicir wild and dash¬ 
ing clatter hiiA’e been iu many jilaees sup¬ 
planted by the still fa.stcr motor wagons. 
Wiicn automobiles first came out it was 
said they would never outmimbcr horses; 
tins Avas many years ngd. hut today wo 
can count more autos in 20 minutes than 
we see horses all da.v long. 
A story is told of a farmer Avho sold off 
all his old horses and was going to buy 
a bigger team, hut Avhcii ?tpriug work 
began he had to buy the same horses back 
again, as ho could not find the team he 
wanted. It is most lu’obahle Avith the 
adA’anciug price of horses in another 50 
years the horse will he a curiosit.v on our 
American farms. M. K. M. 
Coming Farmers’ Meetings 
International Wheat ShoAv. AVichita 
Fair and Exposition, Wichita, Kamsas, 
Sept. .'?0-Oct. 12. 
Internatioual Milk Dealers’ convention, 
Columbus. Ohio. Oct. 11-15. 
Tntornatioual Soil Products Exposition, 
Kansas City, Mo., Oct. 10-‘2(). 
National Ice Cream Manufacturor.s’ 
convention. Columbus, Ohio, Oct. 17-lS. 
Tlie National Dairy Show at Columbus, 
Ohio, Oct. lO-lt), Avill have a great va¬ 
riety of educational exhibits, interesting 
to both producers and consumers of dairy 
products. 
National and Northern Nut Growers’ 
Associations, joint meeting, Albany, Ga., 
Oct. ;!()-Nov. 1. 
Mid-AVest Horticultural Exposition, 
Dcs Moines. Iowa, Nov. 5-S. 
National Grange, annual meeting, Syra¬ 
cuse, N. Y., Nov. 1.2. 
American Royal Tavostock Show, Kan¬ 
sas City, Mo., Nov. 10-23. 
