28 — 
CHAKACTERISTICS. 
The original species of this bird is Kawarabato, Columba livia, Briss., which 
inhabits sea sheres and builds its nest on rocks. By domestication, many 
varieties are produced. It loves to live in company and when it is set free, it 
forms flocks with others of its own species and builds its nest on the roof of large 
temples and tall houses, and breeds there. But occasionally it -builds its nest in 
the vicinity of the sea like the original species. Its habits resemble those of the 
Kijibato, but it is distinguished from the latter by the fact that, as it is a domestic 
bird, it is not afraid of man and is easily caught again. 
UTILITY. 
Its flesh can be used as food, though it is not delicious. It is kept in the 
cage as a domestic pet, and the excellent varieties are often highly valued. 
(60) MILOUS MELANOTIS, T. & S. 
(TOBI). (SIBERIAN BLACK KITE.) 
Raptatores.—Falconidae. 
WHERE FOUND. 
It is a native of Japan and inhabits towns, villages and plains near human 
dwellings. 
CHARACTERISTICS. 
Both sexes are alike in the color of plumage. Though it is a. bird of prey, 
it is not so fierce as other falcons, because it feeds principally upon carrion. It 
possesses a sharp sight and is able to detect its prey on the ground even from tlie 
height of several hundred feet in the air. The wings are long and large, and it 
possesses the great power of flight. 
UTILITY. 
Its flesh connot be used as food, because it has a disagreeable smell. The 
tail feathers are used as the feathers of arrows, but are not so highly esteemed 
as those of eagles. It is beneficial to human health, as it removes putrefying 
matter from towns. 
(61) GARRULUS JAPONICUS, T. & S. 
(KAKESU.) (JAPANESE JAY.) 
Passeres.—Corvidae. 
WHERE FOUND. 
It is a native of Japan. It builds its nest in mountains and comes to the 
plains from the autumn. 
