32 
aloney Bros. & Wells Co,( 
DANSVILLE N . V. 
FRUIT TREES 
Vines, Berries, Shrubs, 
Roses and Ornamentals 
Grown in our Upland Nursery, the largest in New York 
State, under ideal climatic conditions. Guaranteed to give 
absolute satisfaction and sold to you at cost plus one 
profit only. For 35 years we have been receiving hun¬ 
dreds of letters like this one from the people who buy 
from our catalog. 
Green Hill, Pa., sept, 22 
Gentlemen:—Of tlie trees ordered from you lust fall and spring 
1 only lost one peach out of 726. All Quince, Pear and Cherry 
trees grew. Every one says they never saw a liner stand of Peach 
trees. If ] can ever do you a good turn by getting orders for von 
in this section, 1 certainly will be very pleased to do so. 
Yours for success, F. G. Hunt. 
Maloney Quality has become a recognized standard by which all nursery 
stock is judged because we have given our personal attention to every step 
in the production of our stock from budding to shipping, and know just what 
we are sending you and that our varieties bear and bloom true to name. 
Fruit Trees are scarce this spring owing to the fact that France 
has not been able to supply many seedlings for the past four years. 
However we have a fine assortment and can give you what you 
want. Send today for our FREE WHOLESALE CATALOG, 
and place your order early. 
RURAL NEW-YORKER 
spray gun. Wo have an engine which was 
built by a nearby firm When it was 
thought 75 pounds would be all we would 
ever need for any kind of spraying. Last 
Spring we bought a new pump of good 
construction, bitched it to the old engine 
and had a rig which would keep the 
needle off the dial of a 50 to 325-pound 
gauge in actual spraying day after day. 
In this gauge the needle is out of sight 
below 50 and above 325 pounds. We 
find the spray gun ft most offectice instru¬ 
ment, but it must be used at high pres¬ 
sure and it must be so designed as to be 
opened and closed readily and so as to 
give a very fine spray whether open or 
closed. ALFRED C. WEED. 
Wayne Co., N. Y. 
Visit our 
400 
Acre 
Nurseries 
We Prepay Transportation Charges 
On All Orders for Over $4.00 
Maloney Bros. & Wells Co., 43 East Street, Dansville, N. Y. 
Dansville’s Pioneer Wholesale Nurseries 
January 11, 191!) 
of keeping good apples until early Sum¬ 
mer have caused most commercial grow¬ 
ers to stop planting russets, and the va¬ 
riety is disappearing, either by being al¬ 
lowed to die out or by being removed 
from the older orchards as they are re¬ 
newed. ALFRED C. WEED. 
Wayne Co., N. Y. 
Harris Seeds for Farm and Garden 
Direct from the Grower at Wholesale 
Fresh, true to name and of the highest possible quality 
Raised on Moreton farm and bred with as much care 
as thoroughbred live stock. 
Vegetable seeds, FUwer seeds, Farm seeds and Petatses 
All Harris seeds are tested and the per cent that grow is 
marked on the label, an advantage not given by other seeds- 
Get our catalog 
with true descrip¬ 
tions and photo¬ 
graphs, which is 
mailed free, and 
§ buy direct from 
“the grower a t 
wholesale prices. 
Joseph Harris Co. 
Box 22, Coidwater, N.Y. 
Harris Seeds 
Label on every Lot 
Tell s how many 
will 
Accordi ng to our tos ts 
98 percent 
of this seed germinates 
I fli 
FORTIETH 
ANNIVERSARY 
WOOD’S 
Seed Catalog 
Gives the fullest and most 
up-to-date information, not 
only about Seeds that can be 
planted to advantage, but 
also about crops that prom¬ 
ise to give the largest profits 
during the coming year. 
OUR 40 YEARS' EXPERIENCE, 
and an equipment that is unsur¬ 
passed in this country, give us un¬ 
equalled advantages for supplying 
THE BEST OF 
Farm and Garden Seeds 
Write for Catalog and Prices of 
GRASS and CLOVER SEEDS, 
SEED OATS, SEED CORN 
and SEED POTATOES. 
Catalog Wailed Free on Request. 
T. W. Wood & Sons, 
SEEDSMEN, - Richmond, Va. 
For the Best of Gardens, 
PLANT WOOD’S SEEDS. 
Thrifty, Sturdy Trees 
You can be sure when you buy 
Woodlawn grown fruit trees, vines, 
and berry bushes that they are 
thrifty, vigorous growers and 
heavy bearers. Over 43 years suc¬ 
cessful growing experience has! 
been directed towards producing a! 
wide variety of that kind of stock. 
We have the exclusive sale of the 
famous "Dr. Worcester” Peach. 
Our extensive line of ornamental 
shrubs, bushes, and perennials are of the same de¬ 
pendable quality as our trees. 
Special Fruit Garden Offer. Write for details of this 
complete fruit garden at a special price. Our illus¬ 
trated 1919 Nursery List contains valuable planting 
and growing information. Mailed on request. 
WOODLAWN NURSERIES 
880 Garson Ave. Rochester, N. Y. 
ALFALFA 
AMERICAN NORTHERN GROWN 
For fifteen years our advice concerning the seeding 
and care of Alfalfa meadows, and our seed for sowing 
them, have been standard — the best that wae to be 
had. The catalog tells how, and priceB the seed, 
not Turkestan, “Dwarf Alfalfa,” which we refuse to 
handle, but the best ot American grown seed, in¬ 
cluding usually Montana, Idaho, and the great 
“Dakota 30,” which rivals the Grimm itself. 
RRIfecM Al Ffll FA Next to Hansen’s Siberian, 
UnlKilfl HLrHLrH the greatest variety grown 
in America. We have the genuine; also limited 
amounts of the Siberian. 
Lucky Boy Strawberries 
Bjirarer, Sweeter, and more pro- 
a* J- ductivo than any other everbenr- 
,MRr strawberries. Fruits on 
' ‘ ’Spring set plant* from June to 
November in the North and 
the year-round in the South. 
Our 20th Century Catalog 
fully describes thin and 
more than fifty of the bent 
standard varieties straw¬ 
berries, also other Bmall 
fruit plants. Send postal 
today. 
E. W. TOWNSEND & SON 
R.R. No. 25, Salisbury, Md. 
NIGHT’S FRUIT PLANTS 
Have Been the Standard for Over 
30 YEARS. 
One Hundred Farm Fruit Trees 
Regarding the 100 trees for the aver¬ 
age general farm home, will say it 
seems to me that about the following 
would not be badly balanced for this 
State, though changes might well be sug¬ 
gested : Apples, 40. distributed as fol¬ 
lows, which gives some sweet, and apples 
for about tlie whole season : Primate one, 
Yellow Transparent two, Red Astrachan 
two, Duchess of Oldenburg two, Pall Pip¬ 
pin two, Gravenstein three, Sweet Bough 
one, McIntosh three, Ilubbardston two. 
Sutton three, R. I. Greening three, Red 
Canada three, Roxbury Russet three, 
Baldwin 10. For pears: Clapp two, 
Bartlett four, Sheldon one, Bose one, 
Seekel one, Lawrence one. I should use 
mostly Oriental plums; though they are 
shorter lived, I believe one will get more 
out of a tree than the average farmer 
would get from tin* European. For the 
Japanese I would like three Abundance, 
three Burbank, two Shiro, and then a 
French Damson for preserving. Peaches 
probably would not go far astray in using 
about as follows: Two Greensboro, three 
Carman, two Mt. Rose, two Champion, 
three Belie of Georgia, two Slappey, and 
10 Liberia, or five Liberia and live Hale. 
In the cherries I should go rather lightly 
on the sweet cherry class in this State. 
One might try two Yellow Spanish and 
two Gov. Wood, and then two Early 
Richmond, two Large Montmorency and 
two Morello. For quince five Orange or 
Champions, either of which is good, and 
it would seem that five «>f either will be 
sufficient. 
These, so far as I know, do fairly well 
on soils which one would plant to fruit 
in Ibis State. Many other combinations 
can be made which would uo doubt be as 
satisfactory as this. But this will furnish 
fruit through the season of these fruits 
very well, and where there are more than 
an ordinary farm family would want, all 
are of fair market value, so that the sur¬ 
plus might be well disposed of. 
A. T. STEVENS, 
Connecticut Agricultural College. 
Value of Manure 
Does it pay to buy manure from the 
cities at .>4 and $4..>() a ton? Does it pay 
better (labor costs included) to sow fer¬ 
tilizers and plant rye, vetch, etc.? E. g. b. 
Ye do not think the manure is worth 
the price as plant food. The quality is 
now very poor. Many good farmers spend 
great sums of money for this manure, and 
think it pays them. We think that rye 
and clover plowed under with lime and a 
small amount of manure added will give 
as good results as the heavy use of ma¬ 
nure. You can get hot arguments on both 
sides. 
The grade of manure seems to he poorer 
eaeli year, until it seems like throwing 
money away to buy it. Is there any way 
ot computing the average fertilizing value 
of a ton of city manure? I low does it 
compare in cost with commercial fertil 
izers? 
It is poorer. There is no way of com¬ 
puting its value accurately. Samples 
taken from same car will vary consider¬ 
ably. An ordinary sample of rich ma¬ 
nure is supposed to contain 10 parts of 
nitrogen, five of phosphoric acid and 12 
of potash, but many carloads fall far 
short of that. We hardly think it pays to 
buy manure as plant food, but it is very 
useful for furnishing organic matter and 
bacteria and for saving the soil. 
I 
Don’t waste time and 
money with inferior 
stock. ?1000 per acre lias been made growing 
Strawberries and Raspberries. YOU call do 
as well with KNBHIT’S PLANTS. 
Write for FREE catalog today 
DAVID KNIGHT & SON. Box 103, SAWYER. MICH. 
Strawberry Plants 
I,00«,000 AT BARGAIN PRICES 
H, Grnf, Berks Co., 1’n . says: “1 never received such nice 
plants/’ Write today for free Catalog about the Straw¬ 
berry. A Money Crop. C. 8. Perdue, Box 20, Slionell, Md. 
^GRAPE-VINES 
69 varieties. Also Bmall Fruits, Trees, etc. Best rooted 
stock, Genuine,cheap, asuniplevmesmailedfor 10c. Des¬ 
criptive catalog free. LEWIS KOESCH,BoxL,Fredonia,N-Y- 
CLOVER and GRASSES Cabbage, Celery, Onion Seed Grower, WILMAMSOy \'y. 
No matter how critical you are we can pleaso you. 
WING’S GARDEN and FLOWER SEEDS 
Are grown for the most critical trade. Write for fre« 
catalog. Lists many new and rare specialties. 
Winq Seed Co., Box sss Mechanics burg, O. 
The House of Quality and Moderate Prices. 
INTERESTING GARDEN BOOKS 
A Woman's Hardy Garden — Bu Mrs. 
H. R. Ely .$1.75 
Old Time Gardens— By A. M. Earle 2.50 
Flowers and Fern* in Their Haunts— 
By M. O. IVright .... 2.00 
Plant Physiology— By Duggan . . 1.60 
For tale by Rural New-Yorker, 333 W. 30th St., N.Y. 
CLOVER SEED 
Our high grades of Clover, Alfalfa, Alsike, Timothy, Reed 
Oats, Seed Com, Maine Grown Seed Potatoes, Soy Beans, 
etc., are the most carefully selected and recleaned. High¬ 
est In Purity and Germination. We pay the freight. 
Catalog and samples Free if you mention this paper. 
P. L. K0I1RER, • Sinoketown, Lancaster Co., Pa. 
When you write advertisers mention 
The Rural New-Yorker and you’ll get 
a quick reply and a “square deal. ” St 
guarantee editorial page. 
ee 
Planting Russet Apples 
There are four russet apples listed in 
the “Apples of New York”: English Rus¬ 
set. Golden Russet, Hunt Russet and 
Roxbury Russet. The questioner on page 
47 may refer t oany of these, but prob¬ 
ably to either Golden Russet or Roxbury, 
as these are the most widely grown com¬ 
mercially in Western New York. Golden 
Russet is by far the best of the group so 
far as quality is concerned, but is smaller 
than Roxbury and perhaps smaller than 
either of the others. Its keeping season 
is probably the shortest of any of the rus¬ 
sets. 
The russet apples as a group are of 
small size, poor quality, and so placed on 
the trees as to be very expensive to har¬ 
vest. The principal reason for growing 
them is to have an apple which will keep 
a very long time in cellar storage. Golden 
Russet keeps about as long as Newtown 
Pippin, but is much smaller and poorer 
in quality than that apple. Roxbury Rus¬ 
set is the largest of the russet apples, but 
averages much smaller than Baldwin. It 
is probably at least twice as expensive to 
pick as Baldwin. In the Fall and through 
most of the Winter it is sour, hard and 
tough. In Spring and Summer it ripens 
and becomes dry, mealy and astringent. 
It is easy to keep it in good condition 
until Early Harvest, Astrachan and Yel¬ 
low Transparent are ripe. It makes a 
very high grade of cider, especially when 
stored a few months before grinding. The 
advent of cold storages and the possibility 
Double-glazed Sash for Hotbeds 
Will double-glazed hotbed sash keep out 
the cold at night sufficiently, or is addi¬ 
tional covering necessary? I wish to grow 
very early tomatoes, starting them about 
the middle of January. If further cover¬ 
ing is necessary, could it be another sash? 
My plan was to start the plants in one 
bed and later transplant, in which case 1 
should have at the beginning considerably 
more sash than necessary. This sash, I 
should think, could be used on top of the 
hotbed in use, thereby giving double pro¬ 
tection. By the time I transplanted, 
probably the weather would have moder¬ 
ated sufficiently to allow one to use one 
double sash only. If I can do without 
straw mats I certainly wish to do so. 
W hat is your advice on these matters for 
this locality? 
Hammonton X. J. 
Double-glazed sash are excellent for 
keeping the cold out of the hotbeds and 
cold frames, because the air space between 
the two layers of glass acts as an insu¬ 
lator. However, early plants, such as to¬ 
matoes, peppers and eggplants, require 
additional heat, which may be most conve¬ 
niently provided by means of a layer of 
horse manure about a foot and a half 
thick under the soil in which the plants 
are growing. Furthermore, since you are 
apparently a beginner in early plant pro¬ 
duction. I would urge you not to sow 
your early tomato send until Washington’s 
Birthday, at least. Cold weather is liable 
to occur during January and early in 
February, which would injure the devel¬ 
opment of the plants and cause unneces¬ 
sary inconvenience. In a month’s time, 
after sowing the seed, the seedlings will 
be ready to transplant to cold frames. 
Four or live weeks later these plants 
should have attained a good size, ready 
to gu to tin' field after the danger of frost 
is past. 
Incidentally, the double sash are not 
proving to be as good as we had expected 
them to be. A heated plant bed or little 
greenhouse is needed for the starting of 
the plants, and after the plants are trans¬ 
planted to the Cold frames, the weather is 
mild enough so that the single sash gives 
ample protection. The frames a re banked 
up with soil to exclude the air. and the 
edges of the boards are perfectly smooth, 
so that air cannot enter between them 
and the sash. On a few cold nights a 
covering of loose bay is laid over the cold 
frames. This method is in general use in 
Southern New Jersey near your home. 
In the vicinity of New York the truckers 
and market gardeners use homemade 
straw or salt meadow hay mats, or “wool¬ 
en" mats from the seedsmen. It. w. n. 
Orator : “Now I ask you people, is 
there anything anyone could like about 
the Kaiser?” Voice (somewhere in tin 
back): “Yes; a coffin!”—Cartoons Mag¬ 
azine. 
