Stte RURAL NEW-YORKER 
65 
Live Stock Matters 
Conducted By Prof. F. C. Minkler 
Dual-purpose Cows 
I am interested in the dual-purpose cow 
and desire information on this subject. I 
have no cattle on the farm, except from 
October to May I generally have 20 to 25 
steers to fatten. I generally raise all the 
feed for these animals, with the exception 
of a few tons of middlings and bran when 
1 start them, and a few tons of cottonseed 
meal when I finish. These animals come 
pretty high now. This Fall I paid .$12.25 
for roan and red calves averaging 700 lbs. 
At these prices it would probably pay to 
raise part of the stock myself. Of course 
I do not intend to invest n. lot of money 
until 1 know what it may look like. 
l’ine Grove, Pa. h. ii. ii. 
I take it, by the dual-purpose cow you 
refer to milking Shorthorns. In this con¬ 
nection let me say that this type of meat 
and milk animal is rapidly gaining favor 
throughout the Eastern States, largely 
because there is a splendid market for the 
calves, and for the further reason that 
milking Shorthorns, after they have fin¬ 
ished their useful period as milkers, can 
be fattened up very quickly and their car¬ 
casses will bring almost as much as a 
choice steer in the prevailing markets. On 
the other hand, there is a discrimination 
against strictly dairy cows disposed of for 
beef, largely because the Jersey and 
Guernsey will dress out yellow, and many 
of the Ilolsteins and Ayrshircs are not 
fleshed up previous to being marketed. 
W hether or not it would be more econom¬ 
ical to establish a 'breeding herd of milk¬ 
ing Shorthorns for the purpose of produc¬ 
ing steers for feeding purposes, and would 
be more desirable and profitable than the 
prevailing custom of buying feeders 
through the stockyards, might be ques¬ 
tioned, and would depend entirely upon 
the amount of pasture land available, and 
upon the labor situation on your own 
farm. Choice feeders weighing from 700 to 
000 pounds are selling at Chicago at 
about 12c per pound. It costs practically 
another cent per pound in freighting and 
shipping these animals to New York or 
1 ennsylvania, but if one is fortunate 
enough to obtain good feeders and is will¬ 
ing to feed them the grain and roughage 
and silage necessary to grow and finish 
them, it is clearly evident that cattle 
feeding operations, especially in Lancaster 
Co., Fa., has substantially enriched the 
farmers who have persisted in feeding 
cattle. I would advise the purchase of 
these cattle during the months of Novem¬ 
ber, December or January, wintering 
them through on roughage and silage and 
very little grain and would not require 
them to make very much gain until turned 
out to pasture near June. If I chose 
yearlings weighing about 700 pounds I 
would winter them through another sea¬ 
son and run them on grass the following 
year, finish them on grain, chiefly corn- 
meal, cottonseed meal and silage, during 
the months of August, September, Octo¬ 
ber and November, thus selling the cattle 
early in the Winter at the Lancaster, 
Buffalo or Jersey City markets. 
Fattening Old Cows 
I have two old cows; one dry and the 
other giving a little milk ; have been feed¬ 
ing them each about 12 quarts of soft 
corn on the ear twice a day for the last 
throe weeks. I can only see slight im¬ 
provement in them, although the one 
which gives milk gives about four times 
as much as she did when I began feeding. 
I must fatten them to sell as I have not 
half enough hay for the rest of my stock; 
id cows, three horses. They are quite 
poor. w. i\ b. 
A useful ration for fattening a 13-year- 
old cow, utilizing the feeds at hand, would 
be: ( ornmeal, 70 lbs.; buckwheat, 20 lbs. 
and oilmeal, 10 lbs. These should be 
mixed and fed twice daily. If the cow 
has been fed soft corn for three or four 
weeks she can be started with six lbs. of 
this feed daily and the amount increased 
lb. daily until she is consuming up to 
32 lbs. She may be a poor feeder, due to 
age or condition, and it might not pay to 
feed her to a high or finished condition 
A. mess of carrots (15 lbs.) daily would 
stimulate her appetite; likewise, a few 
potatoes might add variety, but they are 
too watery for fattening purposes. In 
addition give the cow what hay she will 
clean up with relish in the middle of the 
f , / r J’,v‘ S8 s!l(1 K ai, is regularly on this 
feed (50 lbs. per month) I would not con¬ 
tinue feeding her, but rather put her on 
the market for cheaper beef. It is sel¬ 
dom a profitable adventure to feed out old 
cows, especially as W. O. B. says he i a 
far short of hay and grain. 
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110 Main Street 
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113 Flood Building 
Meadville .*. Pennsylvania 
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