96 
January IS, 1911) 
The RURAL NEW-YORKER 
Live Stock Matters 
Conducted By Prof. F. C. Minkler 
Western Cattle for Eastern Pastures 
What is your opinion in regard to the 
buying of Western cattle in the Spring 
for the purpose of pasturing off 150 acres 
of rather rough hilly land, some of it 
wooded? Would you advise wintering 
them through one Winter and turning 
them off the second Fall, or disposing of 
them the first Fall? What is the proper 
age and weight of cattle to be purchased, 
the nearest stockyards at which such cat¬ 
tle could be obtained, etc.? We have no 
doubt as to the proper breed, as we are 
now raising registered Herefords, and it 
is wonderful with what ease and rapidity 
they fatten. c. J. s. 
Nassau, N. Y. 
The growing interest in steer feeding 
that is manifesting itself throughout the 
Eastern section of this country is indi¬ 
cative of the changed conditions on the 
farms that have resulted from the scarcity 
of labor and the relatively low prices re¬ 
rnontlis. lie ought to put on an additional 
250 pounds during the SO or 90 days that 
he is on full feed. He ought to go to 
market in December weighing 1.400 
pounds and usually there is a spread of 
four or five cents per pound, which under 
average considerations would yield a hand¬ 
some profit to the operation. 
Ration for Young Pigs 
1. Will you give me a balanced ration 
for young pigs just weaned? I can get 
eornmeal, ground oats, wheat bran and 
buckwheat after the pancake flour is taken 
out. Cornmeal is $4; wheat bran. $2.70; 
ground oats, $3.10; buckwheat bran, $2. 
We have no tankage here, but can get oil- 
meal. Is buckwheat bran good for growing 
pigs from 80 to 100 lbs., and how much 
should be fed? 2. Will you tell me the 
meaning of O. I. C. pigs and A. It. O. 
cows? Is buckwheat bran good for milk- 
O.rcii as Mot ire Power 
ceived for milk at the farm. I would 
suggest that you buy two-year-old steers 
during the month of January; that they 
be wintered through the remainder of the 
cold weather on silage and roughage, with 
perhaps one pound of cottonseed meal per 
animal per day, and that they be turned 
out on your pasture about the 15th of 
May or first of June. Along the latter 
part of August or early September, when 
the flies are most annoying, the pastures 
dry and the forage unpalatable, I would 
commence feeding them once a day with a 
grain mixture consisting largely of corn- 
meal. I would start with two pounds per 
day, gradually increasing this until at the 
end of 30 or 40 days a 1,200 pound steer 
would be eating 10 pounds of cornmeal 
and two pounds of cottonseed meal per 
day. I would hold them at this quantity 
as long as pasture grass supplied some 
forage, but would put them on full feed 
and give them all that they would clean 
up with relish twice daily of this mixture 
as soon as they were put in the yard 
about the first of November, preparatory 
to fattening. I would feed these cattle 
silage and clover hay in addition to the 
grain ration, and would sell them in No¬ 
vember or December. There is an advan¬ 
tage in buying two-year-old steers, inas¬ 
much as they can be selected with more 
uniformity as to age and feeding propen¬ 
sities, and heavy cattle are more in de¬ 
mand in the Eastern market. The mar¬ 
ket is usually flooded with feeding cattle 
during January, and one can pick up at 
the stockyard at Lancaster. Pa.. Chicago 
or Buffalo this grade of animal to advan¬ 
tage. Care should be exercised in making 
the selection, so as to avoid purchasing 
range steers that are apt to be over age, 
and that will not respond to the warming- 
up process that will result from the grain 
feeding. I venture the suggestion that 
beef production in the East is coming to 
its own, and it is easy to figure out the 
reason why the successful farmer must 
cut his labor cost and distribute his labor 
load, and that he must produce more of 
the products he uses on his own farm 
rather than depend upon the Western 
grower and the Eastern distributor, for 
the bulk of his grains as well as a sur¬ 
prisingly large amount of his roughage. 
A 300-pound two-year-old ought to gain 
250 pounds on grass during the Summer 
ing cows? I have silage, but the cows do 
not eat it with relish. The corn was 
slightly frozen. Do you think that is the 
cause? j. L. it. 
New York. 
1. I would suggest that your young 
pigs just weaned be fed three times daily 
with the following mixture: Cornmeal, 
400 pounds; ground oats, 150 pounds; red 
dog flour or wheat middlings. 100 pounds; 
digester tankage, 50 pounds. Buckwheat 
bran is too coarse and irritating to the 
digestive system for use in feeding young 
pigs. If fed in quantities it is likely to 
cause a congested condition of the blood, 
which disorder will be evidenced by broken 
blotches on the surface of the skin. Buck¬ 
wheat bran is especially useful for feed¬ 
ing dairy cows. Buckwheat middlings 
are scarcely appreciated in the average 
stable, but when it is known that they 
carry in combination a higher percentage 
of digestible materials than almost any of 
the available feeding stuffs it is not diffi¬ 
cult to recognize their value. Buckwheat 
bran could replace wheat bran for cattle 
and usually it is more economical. As 
far as wheat bran is concerned, I would 
omit it entirely from the ration intended 
for young pigs. Contrary to the prevail¬ 
ing opinion of this material, experience 
prompts the assertion that it is actually 
constipating when fed to young pigs, and 
owing to its coarseness and high fibre con¬ 
tent it is not easily digested by the pig. 
The only time that I would include any 
bran whatsoever in any ration for swine 
would be during the four weeks previous 
to farrowing and during the 10 days fol¬ 
lowing. Bran is an expensive feed if one 
bases its value upon the digestible nutri¬ 
ents contained in 100 pounds; neverthe¬ 
less for horses, or more especially breed¬ 
ing animals, it is invaluable, owing to its 
high content of phosphorus, ash and min¬ 
eral matter. 
2. O. I. C. is an abbreviation identify¬ 
ing the so-called Ohio Improved Chester 
Whites. The Chester White breed of 
swine was developed in a relatively small 
district in Chester County. Pennsylvania. 
Certain breeders in the Miami Valley in 
Ohio who had achieved notable success in 
improving the Poland China breed made 
pilgrimages into the Chester valley and 
were impressed with the possibilities, more 
especially with the feeding qualities of 
this breed of swine that yielded a white 
carcass. They argued that there would 
be a distinct advantage in producing a 
white-skinned hog. and believing that they 
could by selection and careful mating 
bring about the same improvement in 
type in the Chester Whites as they had 
achieved with the Poland China, decided 
to make some purchases from this district. 
Within a few years they made rather 
remarkable strides in improving the type, 
quality and dressing percentage of these 
white hogs and in order to identify their 
accomplishment they called this type the 
Ohio Improved Chester. Custom has ab¬ 
breviated the name, until now this breed 
is called simply the O. I. C. 
A. R. O. is the adopted abbreviation of 
Advanced Registry Official, and relates 
entirely to the milk and butter production 
of strictly milch cows. The various regis¬ 
try associations whose primary object is 
to record the registered animals of pure 
breeds, have gone one step further and 
established a registry record based en¬ 
tirely upon authenticated production. 
Thus the herd register number of a pure¬ 
bred animal might be 6666. If. let us 
say, in her two-year-old form she pro¬ 
duced the required amount of milk or lnit- 
terfat to entitle her to entry in the ad¬ 
vanced register record, she would be given 
another registry number, which might be 
A. R. 624. The word “official” has been 
added owing to the fact that the produc¬ 
tion tests are supervised by representa¬ 
tives of the various agricultural experi¬ 
ment stations, the proper official certify¬ 
ing that a certain amount of milk testing 
a certain amount of butterfat was pro¬ 
duced by this particular cow. within a 
given period. With Holsteins we have 
what is generally known as seven-day re¬ 
cords, 30-day records, 60-day records, 
semi-annual records and annual records. 
With the other breeds the only A. R. O. 
record that is recognized is that resulting 
from a whole year's production. 
If your corn was frozen previous to 
cutting and putting in the silo the chances 
are it is not palatable and this would ac¬ 
count for the condition you mention. 
There would be an advantage in mixing 
some moistened beet pulp with this silage 
at feeding time, as it would not only pro¬ 
duce a safer combination to feed, but it 
would likewise increase the palatability 
of the mixture. 
Dangers in Cross-breeding 
I have a herd of Jersey cows and 10 
grade Jersey and Holstein heifers. I 
mean to test out the best of the cows and 
heifers, then use a good registered Hol¬ 
stein bull, so as eventually to obtain as 
near a purebred Holstein herd as pos¬ 
sible. and at the same time keep up the 
butterfat test as much as is consistent 
(Continuel on page 9S) 
SHEEP 
FOR SALE 
Registered Hampshire Sheep 
Rams and Ewes 
APPLY 
Ophlr Farm - - Purchase, N. Y. 
Sheep Prices Reduced 
During the Month of Nov. will sell high class range 
hi ed yearling owes, A and B grades, 816.50. others 
at $>15. Send for circular or come and see these 
ewes. INTERSTATE LIVESTOCK CO., Inc., Selkirk, N. V. 
100 Yearling Ewes Rambouillel 
816 each. 50 half blood ewes, 816.50 each if 
taken before Feb. 1st. No orders for less than ten. 
Ora Pattridge, - Perry, New York 
For Sale-40 Shropshire Sheep 
1—2—3 years old. Also S young Hams. All in fine condi 
tion. Vv. RAYMOND SKLLEC'K, Huntington, I„ 1 
HAMPSHIRE SHEEPS 
33 registered Hampshire ewes in lamb to register¬ 
ed ram. 12 registered ewe lambs, 1 registered 
ram. All extra choice stock. 
A. C. WEBBER, Long Meadows, Baldwinsville, N. Y. 
10 Reg. Shropshire Ewes & e 0 d 
FRED VAN VLEET, - Lodi, New York 
.% MISCELLANEOUS 
WALGROVE HERD 
MILKING SHORTHORNS 
OVER 50 HEAD IN HERD 
Many imported. All registered. Tuberculin tested. 
Milk records kept. Write for price and particulars 
onHerii Heading Bulls. WalnutGroveFarm.Washingtonville.N.Y 
Milking Shorthorn 
BULL, HEIFERS AND COWS. 
EVERETT FOX, . Lowell, Mass. 
High Grade Cows ?» 
lload Lots and single animals. 
r r | OK EXCHANGE—Six Her. Red Polled COWS end 
ror OalB IIEIKEKS. Tuberculin tested. Will trade for 
ponies. FRED STEWAUT, Espyvllle, Peiina. 
GOATS 
For Sale-Two Bred Milk Goats 
One 7 8 Toggenberg; other Maltese. One grade Nu¬ 
bian Buck. Write for particulars. 
JOHN M. THOMPSON, R. 1. May’s Landing-, N. J. 
Swiss Goats$40 
A few dry does. No milkers to sell. Only letters enclos¬ 
ing stamp answered. 8. J. Sll A UP Id'S, R D- 5, .Norristown, Pa * 
FERTILIZERS AND CROPS by Dr. L. L. Van 
Slyke, Price, $2.50. The best general 
farm book. For sale by Rural New-Yorker 
lOO l.fi STSiiiT 
Tiding 
rW.I'FALO NY 
Prove at oar risk that 
BULL BRAND DAIRY RATION 
Will Lower Your Milk Cost. 
Feed “BULL BRAND” to three or more cows according to 
directions. If fuller milk pails, superior quality of milk, low 
feeding cost per gallon of milk and healthier cows don’t win 
you to “BULL BRAND” your dealer will refund your money. 
Cheaper than a Home-Mixed Ration 
Such healthy productive herds as shown in the illustration don’t “Just 
Happen.” Their owners feed “BULL BRAND,” the kind of ration you 
would make yourself if you could get all the materials, only ‘‘BULL BRAND” costs less 
because of our great purchasing power. "BULL BRAND” is scientifically proportioned 
from dried brewers grains, old process oil meal, corn gluten feed, cocoanut meal, barley 
middlings, wheat bran and wheat middlings. It contains 24 $ protein, 6# fat and only 12% fibre. 
A Feed You Can Get All Winter 
Every reader of the “Rural New-Yorker” can get “BULL BRAND” DAIRY 
RATION promptly all Winter owing to our ideal shipping location, Buffalo, N. Y. which 
means no congested terminals and no embargos which Western shippers are up against. 
Start feeding, "BULL BRAND” and stick to it if you want an uninterrupted maximum 
flow of milk all winter. If your dealer is unable to supply you, write us. 
MARITIME TRADING CORPORATION, BUFFALO, N. Y. 
mmmta 
