106 
The 
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Flush Cows After'Calving 
Protect your herd against Contagious 
Abortion and Barrenness. 
Barrenness or Sterility, like Abortion, 
Betention of After-birth and Premature 
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January IS, 1919 
value, the fact that they are free from 
this disease would make them popular. 
There is a prejudice among the unin¬ 
formed as to the- flavor of the milk. This 
idea has grown with those other comic 
paper beliefs, the odor, bucking procliv¬ 
ities, and ability to eat tin cans and the 
week’s wash. Goats kept in as clean sur¬ 
roundings as the ordinary dairy cow will 
have no odor, nor will the milk have a 
flavor any different from a cow’s, except¬ 
ing a most pleasing, rich, creamy taste. 
And after a person has become accus¬ 
tomed to the milk, either for use in tea or 
coffee, or for drinking, it will seem a hard¬ 
ship to come back to cow’s milk. Since 
grinding, paying State license, bags, and tho milk runs from around 3% per cent 
shipping from far-away abattoirs, do not butterfat in the Swiss breeds to 6 and 7 
n ... T+ would bo and as high as 12 per cent m the Nubian, 
add anything to its value. It would be the milk foi . cooking is, as a rule, diluted 
good for hotbeds or house plants at its one-third with water to obtain the same 
worth, perhaps $10 per ton, instead of result as with cow’s milk. 
$ 80 . 
RURAL NEW-YORKER 
Value of Sheep Manure 
Just look what’s here. A Vermont 
farmer, with 300 acres, mostly high laud, 
iwrites me he can buy pulverized sheep 
manure at $4 per hundred, and thinks be¬ 
cause I have some sheep I can tell him 
about the wisdom of investment. Of all 
things! Most of the sheep in the south¬ 
eastern quarter of Ohio could trace their 
pedigrees back to his State, and he comes 
to us to learn the value of their wastes. 
It is good stuff all right, but drying, 
Let me figure it this way: We haul 
out of the stables about 20 loads to au 
acre. It is three-quarters moisture aud 
bedding. That makes 10,000 pounds like 
the bagged stuff, or $400 worth per acre, 
so you can see it would be cheaper to buy 
good land than to put money in pulverized 
manure. Why do not men use their pen¬ 
cils more? The proper function of a Ver¬ 
mont highland farm is to grow sheep. 
They will ease up some of the loss of the 
smart boys who have deserted to the 
cities, and will beautify and’ enrich the 
fields. Then, if any man wants pulverized 
sheep manure, he can let the animals run 
into a clean, dry shed during Summer 
days. 
Sheep would be as plenty as sparrows 
-in Vermont, and some other States, only 
for the perversity of man. Every liue of 
business that is successful has looked 
after itself, but sheepmen have neglected 
The goat has always been referred to 
as the “poor man’s cow,” as she most 
truly is; but today it is not the poor man, 
generally speaking, who is interested in 
her. The professional man. the merchant 
and people in an easier station of life are 
the ones who are inquiring into the bene¬ 
fits to be derived from goats. 
When it is taken into consideration that 
a cow will eat from six to eight times as 
much as a goat, and, to he properly cared 
for, requires much more labor, a larger 
pasture or exercising pen. and a special 
building to house her in for, perhaps, 1G 
quarts of milk per day, it is readily seen 
that there is another great advantage in 
the goat, which will produce from one to 
six quarts per day, according to the goat; 
hut it ought to he added that when you 
obtain a live,.six or seven-quart goat, you 
have a treasure, aud that if she has breed¬ 
ing behind her, is worth more than two or 
three 16-quart cows, regardless of their 
breeding. 
She will live in Summer on the waste 
from the garden and lawn trimmings 
mostly, and in Winter on hay and grain 
which should not cost, at the present 
time, over $1.50 a month. A two-quart 
goat (such an animal is easily obtained) 
theirs with glaring results. Wool-growing should keep her full flow of milk about 
is a standard industry, and notv since the 
sheepmen have awakened, aud are organ¬ 
izing everywhere, their intelligence must 
fix it on a permanent foundation in a few 
years. That permanence depends on profit, 
and they mean to get it. The price of 
sheep and wool will be fair this year, re¬ 
gardless of the insidious information ooz¬ 
ing from the press that the Government is 
swamped with wool, that “the armistice 
played havoc with wool,” that “there is a 
very large volume of unsold wool in South 
Africa,” and “tremendous supplies in the 
colonies.” Wool is the scarcest necessity 
in the world, and the mills in every coun¬ 
try will he grabbing for it. This is the 
time to “let the other fellow walk.” 
W. W. REYNOLDS. 
When you write advertisers mention 
The Rural New-Yorker and you’ll get 
a quick reply and a "square deal. See 
guarantee editorial page. 
Consider the Goat 
In these times of high prices and world¬ 
wide scarcity of food, it is well for the 
American public to look auto and study 
the economic value of the goat. Every 
country except the United States, from 
aueient Bible times down to the present 
day, has appreciated the goat, and grad¬ 
ually we are becoming awake to its use¬ 
fulness. There is no phase of animal 
four months, and often does not dry off 
entirely for the balance of the year. With 
two does freshening six months apart 
the average family would have an abun¬ 
dance for their needs, and the kids each 
year would, if the goats were common and 
sold for meat pay the board bill, while if 
they were well-bred stock, the kids would 
pay a very good profit. 
It is uot claimed that the goat is the 
successor of the cow, or that she is a 
panacea for the high cost of living, but 
for the truck farmer, market gardener, 
and commercial poultry plants, where 
there is not much land to spare, and su¬ 
burban homes with a yard, it is advocated 
that they should keep one or more goats 
for the sake of their health and pocket- 
book. And for the man with lots of 
waste land that won’t feed sheep, breed 
milch goats, for the demand is so great 
that it cannot be overdone for years to 
come, provided you breed good ones. 
The remarkable fecundity of the goat 
is another point to be considered. In 
1913 the writer bought a grade Swiss doe 
kid for his daughter to play with. And 
it might be well to state here that there is 
no better living playmate for an only child 
than a hornless goat, always provided the 
child is kind to animals. 
In 1915 two does kids were sold; in 
1916 and 1917. a doe kid each year. The 
original goat died shortly after the second 
pair of kids were born, and yet today 
that little doe is the ancestor of 38 goats, 
not counting the kids which the does 
that were sold have probably had. These 
husbandry more worth while at this time, goats, if raised for meat, would have paid 
with cows’ milk retailing at from 15 to a Jafr 
20 and 22 cents per quart; lamb wholesal 
iug at $14 to $18 per cwt., according to 
locality, and hides at around 30 cents 
The extreme hardiness of the milch 
goat is greatly in its favor, as it adapts 
itself equally well to the cold of our ex¬ 
treme North as well as to the heat of our 
most southern possessions. The writer 
for on the .cheap hill land of Alabama 
and Louisiana there are people whose 
only means of livelihood are their herds 
of goats, which they raise for the meat 
and hides. 
But how much profit in a milch goat? 
In the semi-arid regions of the South¬ 
west where it is so dry that food for cows 
cauuot be grown successfully, many towns 
are supplied with milk from goat dairies. 
California is the leading State in keepinf 
lias shipped breeding stock as fai tM st as 111 goats. Herds of 100 are considered 
the State of Vi ashiugton, uo ’t 1 " sma ]l, and in one county there is one herd 
ada and south to the southern end ot 
Florida, and the reports front these ex¬ 
tremes of temperature are all the same. 
The goats thrive. The goat is like a sheep 
iu one respect, however, and that is, it 
will not do well on low, marshy ground. 
There are several reasons why the 
of between 4.000 and 5.000 milkers that 
are kept to supply a condensed milk plant. 
And yet with all the goats in that State, 
probably more good ones than iu all the 
rest of the Union, they are higher priced 
and harder to buy than any other, locality. 
The three leading breeds in America are 
,, , , . , . 1 „ , a,.n\5rllir -L lit Lllitlt? ll'dUlIlj; IJlllUiS 111 2VlUCilL<l till 
milch goat industry has grown so lapidly thft Toggenbm . gf Saanon and Anglo-Nu- 
in these last few years. It is K<‘iit 3 bian. The former two are as a class per- 
known that they are naturally free from } j r m i] kers . But the Nubian 
tuberculosis, while that dread disease is 
gradually increasing among cattle, ac¬ 
cording to the reports of abattoir inspec¬ 
tors. In one State, according to Dr. 
Burton C. Platt of California, “It is esti¬ 
mated that 11 per cent of the dairy cat¬ 
tle are affected with tuberculosis. "While 
there is a difference between the forms 
of tubercle bacilli infectiug the human 
and cattle, and birds, it has been shown 
that the bovine type of a bacillus can in¬ 
fect man. In one State alone, out of 61,- 
0(H) carcasses wholly condemned by the 
Federal inspectors, over 32.000 were tu¬ 
berculosis cases. Of 178,500 carcasses 
partly condemned. 48,500 were infected 
with tuberculosis.” . 
If it were not that goat s milk is more 
sips largei 
produces a much richer milk and will in 
time, no doubt, lead the other two broods 
in quantity. They have not been estab¬ 
lished long in America, and the breeders 
have not had the required patience to de¬ 
velop them as they will when they stop 
breeding so young and when they obtain 
some more new blood. There are does of 
this breed that produce six aud seven 
quarts per day. reaching S to 10 per cent 
butterfat. They are the largest of our 
goats, with long, drooping ears, most 
docile of all breeds, and last, but not 
least, the bucks are odorless. 
New Jersey. menard g. smith. 
Consider the goat! by all means. Here 
is another case where practical men and 
scientists seem to differ. The New 1 ork 
aiirilv digested than cows’, and often iu - - . ~ , 
the case of infants and invalids, the only Experiment Station at Geneva made a 
fund that can be retained by their stom- long and careful study of milch goats anti 
aehg the fact that there is 'no danger of concluded that for each pound of hay and 
tuberculosis from the raw milk, and that it grain consumed the goat produced less 
is the only kind which has the proper food milk than the cow . 
