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Vol. LXVIII. 
Published Weekly by Tlie Rural Publishing Co., 
33?, W. 30th St.. New York. Price One Dollar a Year. 
NEW YORK, JANUARY 25, 1910. 
Entered as Second-Class Matter. June 26, 1879, at the Post 
Office at New Y’ork. N. Y'., under the Act of March 3, 1879. 
No. -4513. 
Milking Shorthorns for Eastern Farmer 
Rent Payers with Milk and Meat 
HANGING CONDITIONS—The live stock far¬ 
mer is interested in any practical proposition 
that will coin for him a now dollar. The small 
dairy farmer, particularly, has had his discourage¬ 
ments during the past few years owing to the fact 
that he has habitually relied upon the corn-belt 
farmer for nearly all of his concentrates, and for 
an increasing percentage of the roughage used in 
feeding his herd. The relatively low price received 
for milk at the farm has added to his discourage¬ 
ments. and with the labor situation as acute as it 
has been during the past year, many of our progres- 
tive to the butcher, who is willing to pay quite as 
much per pound for such a cow’ as he pays for the 
general run of beef steers. Rather than join the 
army of canners that is recruited from most dairy 
farms, she is able to enlist in the regular beef¬ 
making forces. True enough, she will not- produce 
as much prime meat as the strictly beef animal, nor 
as much milk as the strictly dairy-bred type, but 
she will yield quite as much milk and fat as do the 
representatives of the prevailing breeds and, in 
addition, produce a calf that is a real asset rather 
than a mere nuisance. 
UTILIZING ROUGH PASTURE. — On many 
Eastern farms there are vast areas of rough land 
well suited for pasture purposes that are not being 
a large operator becailse he does a relatively large 
amount of business, irrespective of net returns, or 
lest he breaks away from patronizing the local feed 
dealer who claims and receives a generous per¬ 
centage of his 50-cent dollar, it is easy to believe 
that his livestock farming operations will scarcely 
be profitable or encouraging. 
REJUVENATING FARM PRACTICE.—The milk¬ 
ing Shorthorn is clearly entitled to play a very im¬ 
portant part in rejuvenating successful farming 
practices in the New England States. She will pro¬ 
duce meat and milk in abundance. She will yield 
calves that will establish a competitive market for 
either veal or baby beef inasmuch as this product 
will satisfy the demands of the local butcher for 
Lailll Sale U/th , Owned bn Flint at one Form. 
* 
sive dairymen have determined to get out from 
under this heavy load. To this end they are won¬ 
dering if the future of live stock farming in the 
East is not going to be patterned after the system 
rlmt prevails in England, where the farmers, instead 
of maintaining representatives of the so-called spe¬ 
cialty dairy breeds, are patrons of the dual-purpose 
type, which today means the milking Shorthorn. 
SOME MARKED ADVANTAGES.—It is argued, 
and rightly so. that representatives of the milking 
Shorthorn will yield quite as much milk as the 
average cow found on the average dairy farm: that 
her calf can be profitably grown and developed into 
a beef steer, and that when the cow's usefulness as 
a producer of milk is ended, she can be turned into 
(he fattening yard, where in a very short time she 
develops a condition of fleshing that is very attrac- 
Offieial Record, 12.88S.8 lbs. Milk: 
utilized. Experience has convinced the dairy farmer 
that he cannot feed milk worth 10 cents per quart 
to a dairy calf, the value of which is based upon the 
price the youngster will bring in the local market 
for veal or beef. On the other hand, it is evident 
that the British farmer in his stock-breeding opera¬ 
tions, carried on where land values are a great deal 
higher, does not stop to argue this question, largely 
because he knows that there is a genuine demand 
for the kind of beef that these Shorthorn calves 
make when properly developed, and he goes on about 
his business regardless of feeding costs and labor 
shortage. Unless the Eastern farmer adopts the 
English system of intensive farming, and produces 
cn his own farm the bulk of feed stuffs required to 
grow and finish his animals; unless he abandons 
certain practices that have led him to believe he is 
.'168.814 lbs. Fat. Fig.24. 
freshly killed beef possessing flavor and texture, 
while the cow herself will not require the labor ex¬ 
penditure that must follow any operation where 
dairying is exclusively followed. The new era is 
going to find the Eastern stockman, especially the 
tenant farmer who operates a small farm, engaged 
in the growing of a few sheep, a few pigs and a few 
cattle, the production of which wilt have a tendency 
to equalize his labor load and make it possible for 
him to introduce a system of crop rotation that will 
provide practically all of the feed required to supply 
their needs, enable him to make the most of his 
meadows and pastures, and thus make him more 
independent of the Western crop grower and the 
Eastern distributor of grains and hay. 
A RENT-PAYING AGENCY.—Milking Shorthorns 
are bound to predominate in any organized effort of 
