164 
The RURAL NEW-YORKER 
February 1, 1019 
Bros. & Wells Co. 
SVILLE N .V. 
FRUIT TREES 
Vines, Berries, Shrubs, 
Roses and Ornamentals 
Grown in our Upland Nursery, the lamest in New York 
State, under ideal climatic conditions. Guaranteed togivo 
absolute satisfaction and sold to you at cost plus one 
profit only. For 35 years we hare been receiving hun¬ 
dreds of letters like this one from the people who buy 
from our catalog. Gresn hill, Pa „ Skpt . 32 
Gentlemen —Of the trees ordered from you lust fall and spring, 
1 onlv lost one peach out of 726. All Quince, Pear and Cherry 
tree- grew. Every one savs they never saw a liner stand of Peach 
trees If I can ever do von a good turn by getting orders for you 
in this section, I certainly will be very pleased to do so. 
Yours for success, F. G. HUNT. 
Maloney Quality has become a recognized standard by which all nursery 
stock is judged because we have given our personal attention to every step 
in the production of our stock from budding to shipping, and knoio lust w hat 
we are sending you and that our varieties bear and bloom true to name. 
Fruit Trees are scarce this spring owing to the fact that France 
has not been able to supply many seedlings for thej 3 
However we have a fine assortment and can give yw what you 
want. Send today for our FREE WHOLESALE CATALOG, 
and place your order early. v 
- ‘ 
We Prepay Transportation Charges 
On All Orders for Over $4.00 
Maloney Bros. & Wells Co., 46 East Street, Dansville, N. V. 
Dansville’s Pioneer Wholesale Nurseries 
Visit our 
400 
Acre 
Nurseries 
ONION SEED 
Selected Ohio Yellow Globe, our own 
growing, special low prices. 
GARDEN SEEDS 
The best that can he grown. Catalogue 
free. Market gardeners, ask for whole¬ 
sale list. 
SEED CORN 
Northern Ohio grown acclimated seed, 
high germination. Write your wants. 
RANSOM SEED CO., GENEVA, OHIO 
450.000 
20J varieties. Also Grapes, Small Fruits, etc. Best l ooted 
stock. Genuine, cheap. 3 sample blackberries mailed lor 
10c. Catalog free. LEWIS R0ESCH, Box L, Fredonia, N.Y, 
STRAWBERRY PLANTS 
We have ten of the best kinds selected ont of a hun¬ 
dred-Early, Midseason and bate A IsoCABBAGE. CEL- 
»» 
For Sale-Seed Corn-“Yellow Flint 
Over 95?t actual Test. $4 per 70 lbs. of ears. Bags 
free. Order early. 
Tlieo. I). Terry, Box 19, Jamesport, Long Island, N. 1 . 
The Farmer His 
Own Builder 
By II. Armstrong Roberts 
A practical and 
handy hook of all 
kinds of building 
information from 
concrete to carpen¬ 
try. Price $1.25. 
For sale by 
THE 
RURAI. NEW-YORKER 
333 W. 30th St., N. Y 
Grow Trees That 
Bear 
Trees from the Wood- 
lawn Nurseries are vigor¬ 
ous growers and bred-to- 
bear. Over 43 years suc¬ 
cessful growing expe¬ 
rience has been devoted 
to the production of thrifty 
strong rooted stock. We have the exclusive 
sale of the famous “Dr. Worcester” Peach. 
The same time-proven dependability 
makes Woodlawn grown shrubs, flowering 
bushes and perennials safe investments. 
The moderate prices bring an individual 
and attractive garden within the most mod¬ 
erate means. 
Special Fruit Garden Offer. We offer a 
total of 149 plants, sufficient to supply the 
needs of one family, at a special combina¬ 
tion price. All the plants are sturdy Wood- 
lawn stock and require less care than veg¬ 
etables. Write for full particulars. 
Our illustrated 1919 Nursery List contains 
valuable planting and growing information 
as well as a catalog of select nursery stock. 
Mailed on request. 
WOODLAWN 
NURSERIES 
880 Gar«on Ave., Rochester, N. Y. 
EVERGREENS 
38 Hardy Tested Varieties 
Best for windbreaks, hedges and lawn 
planting. Protect buildings, crops, stock, 
gardens and orchards. Hill’s Evergreens 
are Nursery grown and hardy ev 9 ry- 
where. Hill's Evergreen hook, i.lus¬ 
trated in cold’s, sent free. Write to-day. Worlds 
largest growers. Est. 1856. 
NURSERY CO., DUNDEE, ILLINOIS 
D. HILL 
Box 2120 
Evergreen Specialists 
JONES’ NUT TREES 
My hardy Pennsylvania-grown 
trees are the best obtainable. 
Pecans,English and Black Wal¬ 
nut, Shag barks, etc.,all budded 
or grafted trees, no seedlings. 
Attractive catalogue free. 
J. F. JONES, SSAlfa 
Box B. Lancaster, Pa 
Various Vegetable Notes 
Keeping Onions from Sprouting 
I would like information in regard to 
keeping old onions and onion sets. I 
have no trouble raising them, but I have 
trouble keeping them from sprouting. 
Lancaster, Pa. J- g. 
When large onions or onion sets have 
just about completed their growth, the 
root system is practically exhausted. If 
the product is to be stored, it should he 
pulled promptly, because if it is left in 
the ground a new root system will begin 
to develop to support the onion over 
Winter. This of course is the way nature 
provides for future generations. Just so 
soon as the root starts, the onion will 
begin to prepare for a new growth, with 
the result that the hearts will start in 
storage, even if exceptionally fine stor¬ 
age conditions are provided. 
Onions in storage must be kept per¬ 
fectly dry and cold; a light freeze will 
do no barm provided there are no sudden 
changes of temperature, and provided the 
onions are not disturbed while they are 
frosted. Furthermore, onions will be¬ 
come warm and quickly deteriorate if 
they are piled in bulk. Growers of onion 
sets have trays made especially for the 
curing and storage of their crop. The 
trays are four feet long and usually two 
feet wide. The frame is made of 1x4- 
ineh boards and the bottom is made of 
mason lath nailed 3/16 inch apart. Across 
each corner a piece of shingle lath (1x2) 
about eight inches long is nailed. This 
braces the trays and provides an air 
space between them when they are 
stacked up. Usually the trays of onion 
sets are stacked up in the field and cov¬ 
ered with a piece of sheet iron, doors or 
hoards for several weeks before they are 
removed to a dry and well ventilated 
building. 
Large onions from seed should keep 
well if they are stacked in small crates 
or in baskets, such as the 16-quart peach 
basket. Large onions grown from sets 
seldom keep well; they are intended for 
early markets. Therefore successful 
onion storage requires very cool and dry 
conditions, but the product must be 
gathered at the right time, be perfectly 
dry when it goes into the storage and at 
all times the onions should have access 
to the air. R. w. d. 
QUALITY AND QUANTITY! 
Quality is the first demand of the fruit market. Yet, 
quantity is also necessary for big-paying returns. Our 
seedlings are budded from trees with a known record 
for big yields of select fruit. 
Have a Successful Garden 
Harri* Seeds are used by the best market garden¬ 
ers because by careful selection and breeding we 
have wonderfully improved some varieties. Private 
gardens can obtain better results because all varieties are 
tesled and the percentage that will germinate is marked on ihe 
label so you can tell just how many will grow before you sow 
them. Harris is the Seedman who tells you the result of his 
tests Send for our free Catalog of Vegetable, , 
Field and Flower 
Seeds Find out ] 
about the Harris system j 
and buy these superior , 
seeds direct from 
our farms at whole- | 
sale prices. 
JOSEPH HARRIS CO. 
Box 22 Coldwater, N. Y. 
Inexpensive Hothouses for Early Plants 
Save Money 
Part I. 
A Trucker’s Necessity. —Costly plant 
houses are not always practical, but on 
inexpensive structure made of hotbed sash 
should be considered to be indispensable 
for the early trucker. The growers of 
Gloucester Co., N. J., have developed the 
least expensive and yet the most efficient 
plan of construction that the writer has 
found in any section of the United States. 
Plan of Construction. —The plant 
houses are built quite low in the ground 
so as to save material and heat (Fig. 42 
and Fig. 43). They are situated near the 
farm buildings in a sheltered location, or 
else a wind-break is provided. The ex¬ 
cavation is generally made about two 
feet deep and as wide as the length of season, 
the sash will permit. The length of the Time of Seed Sowing. 
and no nails are driven into the sash. 
The ridge roof is from one to three feet 
wide. It is made of boards which are 
nailed on top of the strips between the 
sash, so tfrht the roof hoards will snugly 
lap ovci* the heads of the sash and keep 
out the cold and rain. When more than 
one ridge board is used on a side, they 
are covered with tar paper (Fig. 42). 
A hook is placed in the ridge board and 
an eye is screwed into the head of each 
sash Fig. 42). This holds each sash in 
place and ventilation is secured by un¬ 
hooking and allowing the sash to slide 
down. 
Elevated Plant Beds. —In most of 
the plant-houses two raised benches, 
about two feet above ground, are built 
the length of the house with a 16-inch 
alley between them. Sometimes the bench 
on the cold- side is made a trifle higher 
than the other, so that it will he warmer 
and provide more space beneath for the 
due from the stove. Ea‘eh bed 4s usually 
supported on a series of wooden benches 
made of two (cedar, locust, chestnut or 
white oak) posts and a cross befiarer. The 
latter has one end against the wall, but 
when the side boards are placed upon the 
beds a two-inch air space -is retained be¬ 
tween the seed bed and- -the cold wall 
(Fig. 42). The supporting benches are 
placed from 3*4 to four feet apart, and 
hoards one inch thick are used for the 
bottom and sides of the soil beds, which 
are about six inches deep. 
Heating with Wood-stove. —The lit¬ 
tle hothouses are usually heated with a 
very inexpensive sheet-iron wood stove 
placed in the northwest corner. A six- 
inch galvan-ized flue made of 10-foot 
lengths is run horizontally on the ground 
under the -bench, which is on the cold 
side of the house. The galvanized flue 
is easily cleaned out once or twice during 
the season. A tile flue is seldom used, 
because it is quite inconvenient to get it 
tight. The chimney is at the far end of 
the house. 
Hot Water Heating. —While the hot¬ 
houses with the raised benches, heated 
with a wood stove and its flue, are in 
general use, the hot water 'heating sys¬ 
tems with solid beds and a sunken walk 
between are gaining in popularity, espe¬ 
cially where the plant house is to 'be used 
for other plants after the early seedlings 
have been removed. The hot water 
heater is situated at the lower end of 
the hothouse. Three systems of 1*4-in. 
pipes are used for heating purposes. One 
system consists of a series of three or 
four pipes above ground close to the sides 
of the house; this system heats the air. 
The other two systems are in each one 
of the two plant beds, with pipes 15 
inches deep and 15 inches apart, for heat¬ 
ing the soil of the plant beds. 
Protect tiie Entrance. —The entrance 
door is always placed in the end of the 
hothouse near the stove, and a little ves¬ 
tibule is -built outside of the door facing 
the south. It is an excellent plan to pro¬ 
vide an ample supply of well-seasoned 
firewood before the beginning of the plant 
conduct a test orchard for peaches in co-operation with 
the U. S. Government. Our trees are true to name, 
bright, clean and free from disease. We offer one. two 
and three year Apple, Peach, Pear and Cherry Trees. 
Also Small Fruits, Evergreens and Norway Maple*. 
Send today for 1919 Nurtery Book— today. 
Harrisons’Nurseries Box 14 Berlin, Md. 
Harris Seeds 
Label on every Lot 
Tells how many 
will 
According to our fests 
98 percent 
of this seed germinates 
hothouses varies from six to 15 sash on 
a side, and allowance is made for the 
inch thick strip on top of the rafters and 
between the sashes (Fig. 42, Section AA), 
Concrete walls are easily built by using 
the ground for cribbing on the outside up 
to the surface, then the wall is made six 
inches thick, and- from six to 10 inches 
higher than the surrounding ground. 
This keeps out surface water and pro¬ 
vides a space above ground so that the 
sash may slide down for ventilation. The 
rafters are usually made of 2x4 in. mate¬ 
rial, flatwise, and at an angle of 30 de¬ 
grees with the level. A 6hingle lath, 
which is as wide as the sash is thick, is 
nailed on edge along the center of the 
rafter up to the ridgepole. When the 
plant house is being prepared for seeding 
the sash are returned to the hothouse a-nd 
a narrow hoard (1x4 inches) is tacked 
flatwise on top of the inch wide lath 
between the sash. This provides a groove 
in which the sash are snugly held, a-nd 
although they can be slid down for venti¬ 
lation, the cold and ruiu cannot enter, 
Most of the 
growers in Southern New Jersey sow the 
seed for their early eggplants and peppers 
during the first three weeks of February, 
while seed for the early tomato crop is 
sown during the last half of that month. 
The truckers in- the latitude of New York 
sow their seed about March 1. Varieties 
which are ‘in general favor are the Black 
Beauty eggplant, Ruby King pepper, 
Earliana tomato for the extra early crop 
and Bonny Best for the early high-quality 
crop. 
Preparation of Plant House for 
Seeding. —The plant houses should be 
prepared for the seed at least a week be¬ 
fore sowing. The benches are covered 
with a two-inch layer of well-rotted 
manure and four i-nches of fertile sandy 
soil free from weed seeds (Fig. 42). The 
soil is thoroughly moistened, the sash put 
in place and the houses are kept hot so 
that the soil will be warmed. Much heat 
is retained by completely covering the 
hothouse with hay (Fig. 44) until the 
day the seed is sow®, when light 
needed R - w - ' 
