170 
<1be RURAL NEW-YORKER 
February 1, 1919 
“I blasted a ditch 225 feet long, four feet wide 
and three feet deep with Atlas Powder. From 
start to finish the work took two hours. A 
prettier, more even ditch could not be dug,” 
writes W. D. Webster, Nevada, Mo. 
Farmers everywhere have learned that it is no 
trouble at all to run ditches, clear land, plant 
trees and do subsoiling with Atlas Farm Powder. 
Send the coupon (or a postal mentioning this 
paper) for the 120-page illustrated book “Better 
Farming.” It tells and shows just how to do 
the work. 
r 
ATLAS POWDER CO. 
Wilmington, Del. 
Send me "Better Farming with Atlas 
Farm Powder." 1 am interested in 
explosives for the purpose before 
which I mark “X." 
□ Stump Blasting 
□ Boulder Blasting 
□ Subsoil Blasting 
□ Tree Planting 
□ Ditch Digging 
□ Road Making RN 7 
Name 
ATLAS POWDER CO., Wilmington, Del. i Address ___ 
Dealers everywhere. Magazine stocks near you. I — —— . 
Mas Farm Powdei 
The Original Farm Powder 
PEES at Half Asents Prices 
Fruit Trees—Vines—Berries-Shrubs— 
Ornamentals—Roses 
Hearing Age Trees a Specialty 
FREE WHOLESALE CATALOG contains plant¬ 
ing and growing instructions. 
THE WM. J. REILLY NURSERIES 
63 Ossian Street, - Dansville. N. Y. 
Guaranteed bvCertified Grower 
We Want 
Agents 
to collect renewals and 
solicit new subscriptions 
in every section where 
The Rural New-Yorker 
circulates. Liberal terms. 
No investment necessary. 
Write for particulars. 
Department “L” 
The Rural New-Yorker 
333 West 30th Street 
10 New York City 
“ EVER -READY, Jr.” 
is the best ni dium sized power Sprayer for the 
fruit grower who wants a well-made, extra light, 
one-man outtit. Write for Free Catalogue giving specifi¬ 
cations and description— our prices will surprise you. 
VAN NOUHUYS* MACHINE WORKS 
44 Liberty Street, Albany, N. Y. 
For Sale SEED COU/V-wfi&f 
Produced 150 bushels car corn per acre. PRIZE SEED—PRIZE 
CROP. "TRY IT." S5 per bush. J. C0D0INGT0N, Glen Held, L. I. 
o j n BestGoldcn Yellow Flint, 8 rowed, S6 per Bit 
ocBUUUrn sacked, a. Bloomingdile, Seedimin, SchcnecUdy, N.Y. 
GARDEN, FRUIT, FLOWER, HOME GROUND AND FARM 
BOOKS— Descriptive Catalog of the ♦><><» best books 
covering these activities—ju-t out. Mailed for stamp. 
A. T. De La Make Co. Inc. Fix 11 West 3?th St. New York. 
MILLION STRAWBERRY Raspberry Plants 
Fruit Trees, Rhubarb. Asparagus roots, vegetable plants 
and seed potatoes. Catalog free. Michael N. Borgo, Vineland, N. J. 
Strawberry 
PLANTS. Money 
Free. BASIL I* 
Making Varieties. Catalog 
EllRY, Georgetown, Del. 
For Sale-Onion Seed 
.JOHN M HA NY, 
at $2 per pound,' grown 
from Selected Onions by 
Florida, New York 
Cabbage,Celery, Onion Seed 
ASH MEAD, Plant and Veq- 
Qrower, WILLIAMSON, XV. 
—MOST IMPORTANT PART OF 
ORCHARD WORK 
High and Constant pressure. A dependable engine and pump. Thorough 
agitation of liquid, Freedom from clogging. Rigid, simple construction, 
feature the “Ospraymo” machines. Foliage unsprayed breeds insects, scale, 
fungus, blight. Use a sprayer that covers. 
Sprayers for Every Need. Write for Free catalog showing complete line. 
FIELD FORCE PUMP COMPANY. Dept. 2, Elmira. New York 
>ray One or 1,000 Trees; Crops; Live Stock; Buildings 
all-purpose Sprayer will serve you best. A light, powerful, simple, 
guaranteed Sprayer such as the 
'sPRAYPUMp 
Penetrates every nook of orchard 
and garden where parasites hide. 
Sprays from ground to tops of 
tallest trees. With knapsack at¬ 
tachment, sprays growing plants 
as fast as you can walk. Sprays 
live stock, whitewashes buildings, 
disinfects pens. All brass. At 
Hardware and Seed stores. We 
ship direct if local dealer can't sup¬ 
ply. $ 5.00 prepaid. (West of Denver 
and in extreme South $5-50.) Knap¬ 
sack extra. Write now for Catalog M 
4E STANDARD STAMPING COMPANY, 96J Main St„ 
Huntington, W. V®. 
Clearing Land on Long Island 
Would you describe the way I should 
go about clearing three acres of stump 
lar.d? I would like to blast them out. 
What would be the cost of powder, and 
about how much would it cost me to 
clear three acres? The trees were cut 
down some years ago, and I have been 
keeping the sprouts broken olT. I would 
like to get this ground under cultivation 
and I would expect to do this blasting 
myself if powder at the present time 
would not cost too much. L. R 
Huntington, N. Y. 
The clearing of stump land on Long 
Island is so difficult and expensive that 
most farmers have simply evaded the 
question and left the land as it was. 
The fact is that there is no one method 
which will answer, but the best practice 
is to use a combination of dynamite and 
stump puller, and dredging plow drawn 
by a good-sized tractor. 
In order to use dynamite, it is first 
necessary to get a Federal license, which 
can be obtained from your county clerk 
at a cost of 25 cents. This is to insure 
the dynamite being in the hands of safe 
people. The next step is to write or 
telephone to the company and get from 
them the name of their local agent, who 
will supply you with whatever you need, 
delivering it in his own automobile. Dy¬ 
namite may not be shipped on Long 
Island by rail, but is sent by boat to 
a central distributing poiut. There are 
two grades of dynamite used, a -40 per 
cent dynamite, which is as strong as is 
safe to use, and one 20 per cent, which 
is safer to handle, but not so effective. 
The 40 per cent dynamite will cost from 
25 to .'50 cents per pound, and the 20 
per cent about five cents less. It is in 
the form of sticks weighing one-half 
pound each. 
To use this dynamite you should get 
an inch auger and have a blacksmith 
weld a three-foot rod to the shank, with 
a crossbar at the end to turn it with. 
With this you can bore holes in the 
ground so as to put the stick of dyna¬ 
mite under the middle of the stump. For 
small or medium stumps, one stick is 
enough, but for large white oak stumps, 
which have a tap-root, you would better 
use a pound. The agent will instruct 
you how to put the fuse in the exploding 
cap and put this down into the stick of 
dynamite. As you probably know, dyna¬ 
mite will not work when frozen, and this 
makes it quite difficult to use in frosty 
weather. If it is necessary to use it in 
cold weather, it can be put in a covered 
kettle and the kettle placed in a larger 
one of hot water. 
After the stump has been blown loose, 
it should be pulled out with a stump- 
puller, and it may be drawn away with 
horses and piled where it can he burned. 
When a stump-puller is used alone, so 
much dirt sticks to the roots it is diffi¬ 
cult to burn the stump, while the dyna¬ 
mite shakes it clean. If the pieces of 
stump are easy to pull out, you may be 
able to get the use of one of the large 
tractors owned by the State Food Com¬ 
mission and kept at the State Agricul¬ 
tural School at Farmingdale. This may 
enable you to get along without a stump- 
puller. When you have pulled out all the 
stumps that are above the surface there 
are generally many large roots which 
, will make it difficult to plow, and when 
you have plowed the land to the best of 
your ability it will be very rough in ap¬ 
pearance. Where good-sized pieces are 
to he cleared it is practical to use a 24- 
inch breaking plow, which weighs about 
one ton, several of which are on the 
island and may be secured. This will 
plow down all shallow-rooted plants, 
such as scrub oak, blueberry and sweet 
fern. 
It is generally thought that the best 
crop to raise on new ground is buck¬ 
wheat, but I have seen excellent crops of 
corn raised on new land with very little 
fertilizer. This requires the use of hand 
work to a greater extent than on older 
land, and the buckwheat is advised be¬ 
cause it requires no tillage, and will at 
till' same time leave the land in a crumb¬ 
ly condition, while the work of clearing 
it often makes it rough and cloddy. 
You will see from this that it is hard 
to make an estimate of the cost of clear¬ 
ing, because I do not know how many 
stumps you will have to blast. The usual 
cost of clearing Long Island land varies 
from $75 to $200 per acre, most of 
which in for labor. If you do most of 
this work yourself you ought to be able 
to keep the cost down below $100. New 
land should have a heavy application of 
lime before the first crop is planted. 
II. F. B. 
Kerosene in Radiators 
An inquiry as to the value of anti¬ 
freezing mixtures in automobile radiators 
leads me to speak of the use of kerosene, 
or coal oil. as a cooling medium for auto¬ 
mobile engines. So far as I know, this is 
not recommended by manufacturers, and 
I have never seen the practice advocated 
in print; nevertheless, if safe and effi¬ 
cient. kerosene has manifest advantages 
over chemicals that should make its use 
nearly universal in very cold climates. 
A physician of my acquaintance has 
used kerosene of the ordinary commercial 
grade in the radiator of his automobile 
for at least four seasons, and lias, by this 
means, kept his ear in commission 
through the coldest weather without the 
inconvenience of frequently emptying and 
refilling the radiator with water, and 
without danger from freezing. Another 
physician in ray neighborhood, following 
the example of the first mentioned, has 
used kerosene in the same way for two 
seasons and with equally satisfactory re¬ 
sults. Roth are continuing the practice 
this year. I have been told of others 
who use kerosene, hut the above are the 
only two instances that have come under 
ray personal observation. 
These two instances of the successful 
use of kerosene do not. of course, prove 
that there is no danger in the use of an 
inflammable liquid in the radiator of an 
automobile, but these operators, and prob¬ 
ably others, have as yet found no reason 
for discontinuing the practice. The ac¬ 
tion of the kerosene upon the rubber hose 
connections of the engines is hut slowly 
detrimental, though, if it made their re¬ 
newal necessary each year, that would be 
a small price to pay for the convenience 
afforded by a non-freezing liquid in that 
place. 
The cars used by these physicians are 
of two medium-priced makes. It is not 
unlikely that the high degree of heat gen¬ 
erated in the cooling system of some ears 
would make this use of kerosene inad¬ 
visable, if not dangerous; in fact, I know 
of its having been tried and discontinued 
by one operator of a truck. I have not 
personally tried this method of cooling an 
engine for the reason that I do not op¬ 
erate my car in very cold weather; I 
shall adopt "it. however, when occasion 
requires unless I learn later of some good 
reason for not doing so. and if any reader 
of Tiik R. N.-Y. knows that this practice 
is unsafe, he may save me and others 
from disaster by giving us the result of 
his observation or experience. M. B. D. 
One Hundred Farm Fruit Trees 
Where is it going to end? 
One hundred chickens on each farm; 
100 fruit trees on each farm; raise a 
calf for meat on each farm; keep two 
hogs on each farm; half an acre of small 
fruits on each farm; two to live stands 
of bees on each farm; eight to 10 sheep 
on each farm; two cows on each farm ; 
a gootl garden on each farm. I put the 
question of the 100 fruit trees up to two 
or three of our most successful members 
at the Grange here, and they were both 
inclined to the opinion that it was a 
doubtful proposition. They were prune 
growers and dairymen and one has apples, 
and were confident that with the insect 
and other orchard pests, and the fact 
that they all require attention at the 
same time that other Spring work is 
pressing they were most sure to be neg¬ 
lected. One said the only good garden 
in his neighborhood was that of an old 
man who devoted his whole time to it. 
Incidentally, the man who has the apples 
remarked that they were just one too 
many. They agreed that ‘‘prunes and 
dairying” were a good combination. 
This is the day when it requires an 
expert to conduct almost any line of work, 
and a lot of special tools for each one. 
I shall watch the lists with a great deal 
of interest. Let me see—there are apples, 
pears, peaches, pruu.s and plums, eher- 
ries, about 10 to 20 of each. Ten trees 
of apples when they get to bearing would 
give from 50 to 100 or more bushels. 
Well, an average family might use the 
smaller amount, but what about the mar- 
keting? it* s. wallas. 
Massachusetts. 
