240 
The RURAL NEW-YORKER 
February 8, 1919 
Fuel Cost Greatly Reduced! 
Get rid of messy, wasteful, labor-mak¬ 
ing stoves and grates by installing a 
Williamson Pipeless Furnace. Fits any 
cellar. One register beats entire home. 
No need to tear up floors or partitions. 
Real furnace comfort without pipe- 
furnace-installing expense. The pipe¬ 
less furnace is atried-and-true success. 
Thousands have been in use for years, 
saving coal, labor, and giving cozy 
heat the house over, year after year. 
The Williamson Pipeless Furnace 
burns large chunks of wood, hard or 
soft coal, or coke. All kinds of fuel 
look alike to it. Affords both heat and ventilation by drawing 
cold air from chilly rooms and transforming it into cozy warmth. 
WILLIAMSON Furnace 
Saves in Many Ways 
Made by a concern that has specialized in the making cf efficient heating 
apparatus for thirty years. Does not heat the cellar, but gives sufficient warmth 
to protect root crops placed there during the winter. 
Wonderfully well-made, and very 
economical to buy as well as to use. 
Make yours a modem home by instal¬ 
ling a Williamson Pipeless. The at¬ 
tached coupon brings an interesting 
book which fully describes it. Send 
the coupon today. The year-by-year 
saving will make you glad you did 
send the coupon. It means all the dif¬ 
ference between an expensively half- 
heated home and an economically 
well-heated home. Send the coupon 
NOW. No obligation. 
The Williamson Heater Co. 
492 West 5th Street Cincinnati, Ohio 
FREE-BOOK COUPON 
The Williamson Heater Co., 
492 W. 5th St., Cincinnati, Ohio 
Without cost or obligation to me please 
send book describing the Williamson Pipe¬ 
less Furnace. 
Name. 
Address. 
The“Why”ofthe Wheel 
An ensilage cutter with four 
or less fans requires an elevating pipe 
large enough to receive at least one- 
fourth of the ensilage cut at each rev¬ 
olution of the cutting wheel. 
But a Papec—with its six fan» 
—requires a pipe large enough to re¬ 
ceive onty one-sixth of the ensilage cut 
at each revolution of the wheel. 
Thus the Papec with its six 
fans and small pipe “throws and blows" 
a steady stream of silage with a force 
more concentrated, and, therefore, with 
a pressure much greater, than a cutter 
with four or less fans and a larger pipe. 
So, there you have it— the 
"why” of the wheel—why 
Papec Ensilage Cutters 
Require Less Power 
And Elevate Higher 
They throw the ensilage 15 to 
20 feet before the pressure of the pow¬ 
erful air blast is used. Then with the 
air pressure concentrated in the small 
pipe, the steady stream of ensilage is 
elevated to the top of the highest silo. 
Many other advantages of Papec 
Ensilage Cutters are explained in our 
1919 catalog. Write today for t uour 
copy. Also seethe Papec dealer. Own 
your own” Papec this year—it will soon 
pay for itself. The catalog shows how. 
PAPEC MACHINE COMPANY 
110 Main St. Shortsville, N. Y. 
25 distributing points in the U. S. 
I 
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fto Send You^jSS 
, • Mif 
m. BARGAIN 
" l • FENCE . 
1 BOOK A 
Free 
Just write on a postal, 
“Send me your New 
Bargain Fence Book and 
Latest Low Factory Prices.” It 
will come by next mail, free 
and postpaid. I’ll also send you 
a sample to test. Then you’ll 
know why BROWN FENCE 
LASTS 5 TIMES LONGER THAN OTHERS. 
John Bruce, Cauthron, Ark., writes; “I put 
up 140 rods of your fence 7 years ago and it is 
nice and bright yet. Other fence I built about 
the same time is nearly ruined by rust.” 
That PROVES my quality—the book 
PROVES my prices and 
Will SaveYou a Lot of Money 
on the first cost. The long life of Brown 
Fence makes a still greater saving. You can’t 
afford to buy a rod of fence before getting my 
big 96-page Bargain Book. It is full of fence¬ 
buying pointers you will be glad to get. 
DIRECT FREIBHT 
FROM FACTORY PREPAID 
You know what Brown Fence costs 
you laid down at your freight station. 
Catalog shows 150 styles—Hog, Sheep, Cattle, 
Poultry and Lawn Fencing. Also Gates. Barb 
Wire, etc.— all at prices way below all com- 
petition. Get my book and sample, both free, 
before you buy. <15) 
The Brown Fence & Wire Co. 
Dept. 759 Cleveland, Ohio 
The finest and most complete line of Lawn 
Fence in the Country—at Factory Prices! 
Live Stock Questions 
Answered By Prof. F. C. Minkler 
Improving Dairy Ration 
I am feeding to my milch cows the fol¬ 
lowing feeds: Six bu. oats, 2 bu. corn 
and cob (ground), 100 lbs. oilmeal, 100 
lbs. wheat bran, 100 lbs. gluten, 100 lbs. 
cottonseed. I have about 1.000 bu, of 
oats. Could I use more oats with the 
other feed, which I have to buy? Can I 
better that ration? I would like a good 
ration for dry cows and young stock, 
using as many oats its possible. Dry cows 
and young stock in fair condition; maybe 
a little thin. a. j. d. 
Fort Plain, N. Y. 
The above mixture contains too much 
protein and not enough of the so-called 
carbohydrate carriers. It is not neces¬ 
sary to feed oilmeal, gluten and cotton¬ 
seed in the quantities suggested, and I 
am sure you will find the following com¬ 
bination much more useful. The addition 
of an increased amount of oats would he 
advantageous, especially where both oil- 
meal aud cottonseed meal are included in 
the mixture. I would suggest the follow¬ 
ing: 500 lbs. corn and cob meal, 500 lbs. 
ground oats, 100 lbs. oilmeal, 100 lbs. 
gluten, 100 lbs. wheat bran. I would al¬ 
ternate the oilmeal and the cottonseed 
meal. Let oue replace the other, pound 
for pound. For dry cows and young 
stock I would mix the available feeding 
stuff in the following proportion: 200 
lbs. corn and cob meal, 200 lbs. ground 
oats, 100 lbs. wheat bran, 100 lbs. oilmeal. 
If they are fed in addition some silage 
aud given as much clover or Alfalfa hay 
as they will clean up once daily, the cows 
ought to increase in flesh and the young 
stock make good growth and some gains in 
weight. A dairy cow should be relatively 
high in flesh at calving time and there is 
a distinct advantage in feeding so that 
she will gain in weight and flesh during 
her dry time. The old idea of wintering 
dry cows on cornstalks and Timothy hay 
has outlived its usefulness, and we are 
beginning to appreciate that the most 
critical period in the cycle of the gesta¬ 
tion period obtains during the last few 
weeks. A cow generously fed will come 
to her milk naturally, and if she is in 
reality bred for milk production the flesh 
will virtually melt off her frame and be 
converted into milk within a relatively 
short time. 
Oat and Pea Fodder for Sheep; Depraved 
Appetite 
1. How would oats and cow peas be 
for sheep fodder in the Winter, if they 
were cut and cured when in the milk? 
Will sheep eat them, and is it. necessary 
to feed hay once a day with this? 2. 
What is the cause of a pig eating dung, 
and what will stop it? We have raised 
several hogs, and they always develop this 
habit. Thev alwavs have plenty to eat. 
X. V. 7. 
1. You probably refer to oats and Can¬ 
ada field peas rather than oats and cow 
peas, inasmuch as the latter are not con¬ 
sidered companion crops. Cow peas are a 
hot weather crop and cannot be seeded as 
early in the Spring as obtains with oats 
and Canada field peas. The latter make 
a splendid feed for sheep and are especial¬ 
ly useful in feeding idle horses. They are 
nutritious aud palatable and very satisfy¬ 
ing. It is not necessary to feed any hay 
in addition to the cured oats and peas: 
neither is it necessary to supplement this 
material with very much grain, although 
the addition of some corn or ground bar¬ 
ley would make the ration more attract¬ 
ive. Oats and peas are in reality a won¬ 
derful crop. They will supply green for¬ 
age in abundance, they can be cut and 
cured into hay as just suggested, or they 
may be ripened and the grain thrashed, 
in which event the oats aud peas should 
be ground together and mixed with equal 
parts of cornmeal, and the result will be a 
very attractive mixture for any class of 
young stock, particularly for sheep. 
2. Close confinement in small yards is 
responsible for this practice. Make sure 
that the pigs are supplied with an abun¬ 
dance of mineral matter, and see to it that 
the feeds are ground and not fed whole; 
neither let them be soaked to such an ex¬ 
tent that the pigs will not thoroughly 
masticate the food. This practice is a 
habit perhaps as much as anything else, 
and close confinement in small, filthy 
yards where the pigs do not have access 
to sod or dirt will prompt them to this 
vice. Naturally the pig is a scavenger, 
and enjoys working over materials of this 
sort. 
Value of Distillers’ Grains 
Will you let me know, after alcohol is 
taken off, the feeding qualities of corn 
for pigs or cattle. it. b. 
New York. 
No doubt you refer to corn distillers 
grains. The product is marketed under 
various names. Usually this product an¬ 
alyzes 32 per cent of protein, and has al¬ 
ways supplied food nutrients iu a very 
economical form. However, it would not 
be safe to use the distillery grains with¬ 
out mixing them with some other grain 
product. Equal parts of cornmeal, dis¬ 
tillery grains, buckwheat middlings and 
cottonseed meal make a useful combina¬ 
tion for dairy cows. The distillery grains 
are not useful, however, for feeding swine. 
They are not palatable, hence are not rel¬ 
ished by the pig. Furthermore, they are 
too bulky for best results in feeding swine, 
inasmuch as the best results in swine 
feeding operations follow the use of con¬ 
centrated feeds. It is very difficult to get 
the distillers’ grain at this time, and in 
the market, in carload lots, they are 
worth about $60 per ton. 
Hope Farm Notes 
(Continued from page 226) 
—were using grain and flour sacks to 
patch their clothing. There was a polit¬ 
ical procession in which dozens of these 
tattered and bagged farmers marched with 
great banners proclaiming “Protection 
and Prosperity !’’ One day I saw a man 
standing on a street corner, waving his 
arms and calling. He was a sheep man 
just in with his year’s clip of wool. The 
long, lonely life had deranged him, and 
at the first attempt at a “celebration” he 
imagined that he was driving and calling 
the sheep. There he was, ragged and ttit¬ 
tered and “crack-brained,” having sold 
his wool for not quite enough to pay his 
interest, part of the notes and buy a 
year's supplies ! There were a few men 
in that town who were doing well. These 
were agents for money-lenders, railroad 
men and buyers. A few shrewd men with 
capital had bought large tracts of hind 
and were holding it for a rise iu value. 
This rise came finally aud these men and 
their children are now the financial men 
of that section. The great rank and file 
of the farmers who had so hopefully fol¬ 
lowed the setting sun to the “origin” of 
cheap food were worse off than they were 
“back in God’s country”—as they had be¬ 
gun to call it. At that time about their 
only hope was that they might hang on 
until population caught up closer to food 
production, so that their children might 
know prosperity. 
* * * * * 
During the past -10 years this condition 
has been somewhat adjusted. < >ne mil- 
liou or more acres in New England have 
gone back to the woods. The West, or 
certain parts of it, has prospered through 
rising prices for food products. Slide 
prices down to what they formerly were 
and there would be trouble and panic at 
both ends of the country. There can be 
nothing like permanent prosperity in this 
country unless farmers, and especially the 
small freeholders, can feel that they are 
paid fair wages and a living profit. Na¬ 
tional prosperity, like crops, must come 
out of the land. An overproduction of 
food is au economic waste. The condi¬ 
tions I have described of 40 years ago 
started the frightful power over the pub¬ 
lic’s necessities which the transportation 
and handling interests have clinched upon 
us. I can see no economic reason for 
throwing great tracts of land into cultiva¬ 
tion in view of what happened 40 years 
ago. I would put every energy of the 
Government in operation to compel a 
fairer and cheaper system of distribution. 
It will be uo kindness to our soldiers t > 
ask them to go through what many Civil 
War veterans endured. H. w. c. 
