360 
The RURAL NEW-YORKER 
March 1, 1919 
WOOD’S FAMOUS 
Southern Ensilage Corns 
QlLAGE and good concentrates have proved the most econonii- 
^ cal for producing beef and butter-fat. In these days of high 
priced feed a full silo is all-important, and good ensilage corns 
arejn^great demand. 
Wood’s Famous Southern-grown Ensilage Corns enable farmers 
to grow more silage on every acre. For years these corns have 
enjoyed a splendid reputation for ensilage purposes, par¬ 
ticularly in the North and West—making larger crops and better 
crops than corns grown in other parts of the country. 
The past year was very favorable for curing and maturing our 
ensilage corns. We offer corns cured under natural conditions— 
unsurpassed in vigorous germination. All seed corns are tested 
for germination before being shipped. 
“ As a Silo Filler it Has NO Equal ” 
—that’s what one farmer says about it. An Ohio far¬ 
mer says, "It's the best silage corn I ever raised.” A New 
Jersey farmer says, "It is leafy, sturdy, and ears well in 
this section—better than other varieties.” Another 
farmer writes, "Some of the strongest land made 100 
bushels to the acre.” 
Write for catalog and prices of these corns that produce the 
s most silage from the least land and labor. 
104 
T. W. WOOD & SONS 
Seedsmen 
RICHMOND VIRGINIA 
VIRGINIA WHITE DENT FOR ENSILAGE 
It hni long been recognized that Virginia grown 
corns are much superior to Northern corns for en¬ 
silage purposes. More tons per acre. .Seed germin¬ 
ated 98%. $4 per bushel, ear or shelled. Sample on 
request. EUerslIe Stock Farm, Petersburg, Virpinia 
eK“ White Seed Corn 
S2.SO per bus. Sacks extra. 
A. M. B1AYS, North Warden, Va. 
GOLDEN GIANT-oz., 25c. : lb.. S2. 
Sweet born E v e r g r een. PERRY S HYBRID -lb.. 
30c,.: 4 lbs., SI. 10 Reg. O. I. O. 
sows. F. I>. HILL,, Westwood, New Jersey 
b®I Stowell’s Evergreen Sweet Corn forget'orders 
at, reduced price. B A. LANDIS, Kalrvlew, Erie •*“. 
Huve n little more corn selected for 
seed than I shall need this season. Fin¬ 
est ever grown in tliissection. I,earning 
type. Send stamp for photo and prices. 
BROADMEADOW FARM, Rahway, N. J. 
CORN 
SOY BEANS For Sale Mammoth 
Yellow Soy lieans. Tested and GerminationGuar- 
allied. S4 50 per Bushel, hags included, F. O. B. 
William It. Sawyer, Route 3, Portsmouth, Va, 
Canada Field Pcas'MT 
Pill-e Irish Cobbler potatoes. N. A. BAKER, lairport, N. Y. 
Two Excellent Vegetable Books 
By R. L. Watts 
Vegetable Gardening.$1.75 
Vegetable Forcing.2.00 
For sale by 
The Rural New-Yorker 
333 W. 30th St., New York 
FRUIT TREES 
Shrubs, Roses, Plants, Orna¬ 
mental and Shade Trees. 
Everything for the Orchard, 
Fruit-Garden and Lawn. 
Wholesale prices Catalotx|Free 
GROVER NURSERY CO. 
67 Trust Bldg., Rochester, N. Y. 
BUY DIRECT FROM THE CROWER 
Jones’ POTATO Seed 
CERTIFIED BUR AL RUSSKTS. My potatoes were 
inspected and passed as Certified Seed by the ex¬ 
pert potato men of New York State Agricultural 
College. No mosaic or other diseases were found in 
niv fields. This strain of potatoes has been hill-se¬ 
lected for ten years, are very heavy yielders that 
have run in the past live years from 300 to 50U bushels 
per acre. S2.50 for 1 bu.: S2.25 from 5 to 100 bu. lots; 
52.00 in car lots. A few tine Cobblers at f'.’.OO per bu 
A Member of New York State Potato Association. 
Write for more information. WM. A. JONES, Truxten, N. Y 
fKff Dibble’s Russet Potatoes MSSSSZS 
- llinn »' '• 
m KARL JL>. BROWN, R 
For Sale—Green Mountain Seed Potatoes new e ii n °i 
300 Bu.per acre. S2 Liu. OTISIIILL KAMI, Woodstock,Vermont 
STRAWBERRY PLANTS 
We have ten of the best kinds selected out of a hun¬ 
dred—Early, Midseason and Late, A Iso CABBAGE, CEL¬ 
ERY, TOMATO. PEPPER. SWEET POTATO PLANTS in season, 
Send for our 1919 price list. Caleb ltoggs & Son. 
ROMANCE SEED AND PLANT FARM. Cheswold, Delaware 
Cabbage and Celery Plants 
liY THE MILLION. Cabbage and Celery Seed. 
ASHMEAD, - Williamson, N. ¥. 
Hoffman’s Seed Oats 
S IX VARIETIES — unstained — sound — 
heavy, weigh 42 to 46-lbs. per measured 
bushel—undipped. Grains here shown are 
"Climax,” ‘tree’ or ‘spangle’ type. Heavy 
yielder. An early oats, rust resistant— does 
not lodge—thin hull—plump grain inside— 
full bushel weighs 46 lbs.—A dependable 
kind to sow. 
Other kinds offered include "Bumper Crop" 
—"Swedish Select” — “Silvermine” — "Peer¬ 
less” and “Improved White Russian.” The last-named 
is a true ‘side 1 or ‘horsemane’ type of great merit— 
very prolific — plump — thin-hulled — heavy kernels. 
The finest side oats. Write for free oats samples. 
Northwest brand Clover— Alfalfa—Alsike and Tim¬ 
othy. Very best seed that grows, regardless of cost. 
Produced in short, cold seasons of the north. Cleaned to per¬ 
fection. New seed of strongest vitality. If you believe in the 
best seed, sow Northwest brand—results are sure. Samples 
tree. 
Seed Corn—For your crib or silo. Nine distinct 
types. Grown in Lancaster County. Pennsylvania. 
Soundest germination. 
Write today for 
Seed Book and Samples 
Both are free for the asking. Mention this paper. 
A. H. HOFFMAN, ING., Landisville,LancasterCo.,Pa. 
Choicest qualities of Canada Peas—Soy Beans 
—Cow Paaa—all Spring Grains and Grasses— 
Maine Seed Potatoes, end all other farm seeds. 
The European Corn Borer 
Newton, Mass., a suburban city to Ros- 
ton, where I have been inspector under 
the auspices of the State and United 
States Department of Agriculture, ranks 
among the first for four things, namely, 
good churches, schools, athletics and for 
having the European corn-borer. This 
pest does not destroy corn alone, but 
there is hardly any annual in the veg¬ 
etable family, including weeds, that it 
will not thrive on. Today 1’hrausta nu- 
bilolis, to give it its scientific name, is 
firmly entrenched on farms, in play¬ 
grounds and city gardens, in war gardens 
and throughout such market garden towns 
as Arlington, Belmont and Weston, and 
covers a known area of over 325 square 
miles, mainly north and west of Boston. 
It is thought that the borer reached this 
country in hemp imported from Europe 
in lino. This borer has a wide distribu¬ 
tion abroad, being common through Cen¬ 
tral and Southern Europe, Central, West¬ 
ern and Northern Asia, and in Japan. 
Its food abroad is corn, hops, millet and 
hemp and the majority of wild grasses. 
In said countries the pest seems to be held 
in check, hut in Central Europe 50 per 
cent of crops were ruined, as no enemies 
to the corn borer abroad or in Massa¬ 
chusetts have been found. 
They prefer sweet corn, field corn and 
pop corn, and here is a lis. of most plants 
that the department have found them 
working in : Oats, beans, tomatoes, beets, 
celery, potatoes. Swiss chard, spinach, 
Dahlias, Chrysanthemums. Canuas, ger¬ 
aniums; also the following weeds, barn¬ 
yard grass, foxtail grass, iamb’s-quarters, 
cocklebur, ladies’-thumb, burdock, dock, 
horseweed, ragweed, beggar’s tick and 
mare’s-tail. This list is probably not 
complete and Spring investigation will 
find more additions, as everything annual 
they seem to thrive upon. 
The larva? pass the 'Winter nearly full 
grown inside the plant they have selected 
as food. When the ground thaws out, 
tlie earth gets warm and Spring is here, 
they continue feeding and soon become 
full grown. They bore their way lo the 
surface, making a slight hole which is to 
serve as an exit for the resulting moth. 
A cocoon is formed in the burrow by tin? 
larvae, in which it pupates. The adult 
emerges from the 20lli to the 30th of 
May. The female moth then lays from 
300 to TOO eggs on the food plants in 
about two weeks, and then dies. In five 
days the eggs hatch and the young larva? 
feed on the tender shoots of the corn and 
other food plants. They bore their way 
into the corn at this time and in six- 
weeks after hatching are full-grown lar¬ 
vae. After filling the corn full of holes 
and causing its death, they form a chry¬ 
salis. By July they are again full-sized 
adult moths. They lay 600 to 900 eggs 
apiece on average in this stage of their 
life cycle, and these are the larva? that 
attack the tassel, stock and ear, and feed 
on the corn until the frost is in the 
ground. By boring the tassel the ma¬ 
jority of flower heads break off, hence in¬ 
complete or no fertilization, and the cob 
many times becomes abnormal in growth, 
with one to three kernels on some. In 
majority of cases a few kernels form, 
but in some cases not a single kernel. 
Field counts made by inspectors during 
IMS resulted in finding 311 full-grown 
larvae in one hill of corn. In the dissec¬ 
tion of 75 plants the average of 46 larvae 
was found to each plant. Plants so af¬ 
fected were honeycombed and fall to the 
ground like a tree sawed two-thirds 
through and the rest decayed. The larvae 
work in the ears of the corn, boring them 
from bottom to top and from side to side, 
borers feeding on the kernels while they 
are in the milk. If the borer does not 
finish the stock decay follows the break¬ 
ing up of the tissue, and exit growing 
stalk. To quote II. A. Reynolds, secre¬ 
tary of the Massachusetts Forestry As¬ 
sociation : “’When we think that one 
moth which emerges in May can be re¬ 
sponsible for from 100.000 to 300.000 
larva? in one season, and that a single 
larvae is capable of destroying an ear of 
corn, we get some conception of the dam¬ 
age this pest can cause, and one fanner 
who ordinarily sells from 3,000 to 5.000 
dozen daily, this year lost practically all 
his late corn.” 
The work done has been to go to every 
garden or farm containing even one hill up 
to acres of sweet and fodder corn. The 
war gardeners for the last three years 
have had gardens on their lawns, back¬ 
yards, have been loaned free of charge 
vacant land, etc. Almost everybody had 
a garden, raising corn, beets, onions, tur¬ 
nips, squash, potatoes, etc. All nation¬ 
alities were represented, including Ital¬ 
ians, Poles and Armenians. As soon as 
the pest became established the inspec¬ 
tors marked on their territory the exact 
gardens where corn borers were 
found. When Fall came these territories 
were divided into their respective cities 
and towns. Notices were posted, the 
press printed articles and inspectors were 
sent from house to house in the infested 
areas. Each gardener was given a printed 
notice, which verbatim is as follows: 
“dkstroy cornstalks and weeds” 
“The European corn borer has made 
its appearance in several towns in the 
vicinity of Boston, and everyone is urged 
to co-operate in controlling this pest. 
“life history” 
“This insect winters over as a cater¬ 
pillar in cornstalks and weeds. About 
the middle of May it pupates and emerges 
as a moth which lays a large number of 
eggs, sometimes as high as 700. About 
the last of July these caterpillars pupate, 
and early in August another generation 
of moths appear. These lay their eggs 
(this time about 900) on corn and weeds 
(principally corn) and do a vast amount 
of damage, feeding on stalks and ears of 
corn. It is this caterpillar or borer that 
passes the Winter in the cornstalks and 
large garden weeds, as pigweed, ragweed 
and barnyard grass. The caterpillar 
which was present in the old cornstalk 
early in the Spring has been responsible 
for 315,000 borers up to the first of Octo¬ 
ber. 
“METHODS OF CONTROL” 
“As this insect passes the Winter in 
cornstalks and weeds, very effective de¬ 
structive mesaures are offered. Pull up 
and burn all cornstalks, together with 
old vines and all weeds throughout and 
around the garden.” 
In my work here in Newton we got 
the name and address of each garden 
owner as we left, the circular, and told 
him verbally about the disease. In two 
weeks we made a second trip, marking 
off all who had complied with the above, 
those who had piled ready to burn on 
first dry weather (we had a deal of rain 
late Fall), and also those who had done 
nothing. Then we went around to those 
\Vho had not done a thing, and served a 
notice with a 10-day clause to have it 
done inserted in same. If this was not 
done ihe city forestry department would 
come in and do it for them, and charge 
the same to the person who planted the 
land. In our work we also used an Ital¬ 
ian interpreter. He told the family in 
the morning, and going back that way in 
an hour’s time found the women and 
children out pulling up the corn by the 
roots, cutting down all weeds, old vines, 
etc., and burning them. In cases where 
persons were notified after the ground 
was frozen, they cut the corn at the 
ground, cleaned up the weeds and stacked 
ready to burn. In the Spring this class 
of garden will be gone over and inspectors 
will see that every cornstalk’s root sys¬ 
tem is pulled up and burned. In this way 
the Massachusetts Department of Agri¬ 
culture. co-operating with the United 
States Department of Agriculture, with 
the helj> of the city and town forest com¬ 
mission, hopes to eradicate the European 
corn borer from the soil of the old Bay 
State and prevent it causing national 
damage, as it has already done in Europe,. 
Asia and Japan, edwin ciioate baton. 
Grades of Wool 
I would like to have the following 
terms made plain to me : What kinds of 
wool are domestic, territory, carpet or 
blanket class, clothing, delaine or comb¬ 
ing? w. s. n. 
Eallsington, Pa. 
“Domestic” wool is a term applied to 
that east <>f the Mississippi; also called 
fleece wool. “Territory,” that from the 
plains and great West, where the grades 
are different, woo] handled differently, and 
sold in larger batches. “Carpet,” coarse, 
kinky, hairy fibers, long or short, mostly 
from China, India and that section, but 
some found everywhere. “Delaine,” fine, 
oily, strong, silky fiber fitted for manufac¬ 
ture of highest class fine goods. An es¬ 
tablished fiber tracing its origin back to 
Spain, and the Moors previous, for cen¬ 
turies. “Combing,” long fibers of any of 
the wools, except carpet wools; 2% 
inches, about, in Delaine, and longer in 
some of the coarse wools. “Clothing.” 
fibers shorter than above. There are gen¬ 
eral rules to go by. but considerable vari¬ 
ation, from different graders, and from 
the estimation put by men wanting to get 
one class of wool at the price of a cheaper 
grade. w. W. R. 
A Plea for the Strawberry 
(Continued from page 358.) 
the consumer, but this requires more time 
and close attention to details, although a 
higher price can thus be obtained for a 
fancy grade of berries. No difference 
what system of marketing is followed, it 
will prove most profitable in the end to 
sell a strictly uniform grade of berries, 
honestly packed and handled with care. 
There is a world of satisfaction, not to 
mention financial profit, in selling a pro¬ 
duct of which we can be justly proud; 
about which there is nothing to excuse or 
explain. On the other hand, nothing is 
more discouraging than to attempt to sell 
something inferior when the market is 
fully stocked with a superior grade of 
goods. JOHN marsh. 
Jefferson Co., Ohio. 
Tiif. Johnson family was rather dem¬ 
onstrative. The grandchildren were ex¬ 
pected to embrace everyone at tD* begin¬ 
ning and at the end of a visit. Fred and 
Albert were getting into their clothing and 
making their hasty adieux preparatory to 
catching their train home, “llurry up. 
Fred,” Albert shouted, “you’re too slow 
for anything! I’ve got mine all kissed!” 
—Melbourne Australasian. 
