386 
1h* RURAL NEW-YORKER 
March 1, 1910 
Build Once 
Build Right 
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therefore consider the advantages of 
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walls are insulated by dead-air spaces. They keep out 
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as easy to keep clean and sanitary as the household 
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Natco buildings never need painting and will 
‘Last for Generations”, practically without 
repairs. They permanently increase the 
market value of your farm. 
Ask your building supply dealer to show 
vou samples of Natco Hollow Tile 
for various building purposes. 
V' He bns helpful plans, 
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™T E T T | I |‘| 1 |‘| I 
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Write us for our instructive free book 
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23 Factories assure a wide and economical distribution 
PIGS - * 
PATRIOTISM 
AND PROFIT 
By PROFESSOR FREDERICK C. MINKLER 
Er-JAvestock Commissioner of the State of New Jersey 
is the most readable book on swine ever 
written and the only complete manual on 
the “mortgage lifter” for anything like the 
low price of $1.00, at which price the 
book was published in May, 1918. 
We have now a new heavy paper edition 
at a low price. 
Send 56 cents for a copy, 
delivered to you, postpaid 
The Advanced Agricultural Publishing Company 
2-N West 45th Street, New York 
SHEEP 
SWINE 
A. H. S. A. 16643 
FOR SALE 
Registered Hampshire Sheep 
Rams and Ewes 
APPLY 
Ophir Farm - - Purchase, N. Y. 
The National Chester White 
Record Association 
The Original Kecord for the Chester White 
Breed ofllogs, established in 1884; a purely co- 
operative Association. All Volumes of the 
Record free to Stockholders; pedigree blanks 
and transfer slips free to all recorders. Write 
the Secretary for instructions in recording your liogs. 
L. B. WALTER, Sec’y, Box 66, Dept. R, West Chester. Pa 
HORSES 
Reg. Chester'Whites 
Service Boars. Bred gilts and August pigs. 
A. A. SCHOFKLL. 
Heuvelton, N. Y. 
A First-Class' Imported Percheron Stallion 
foaled 1908; weight, 1,800. Also registered Percho- 
ron mare, in foal; weight, 1,600. Both black. 
D. J. PHILLIPS, East Greenbush, N. Y. 
Kentucky Jacks and Horses 
Big hone, Kentucky, Mammoth jacks, Percheron 
mares, mules, easy riding saddle horses. Liberty 
bonds taken. We guarantee safe delivery. 
The Cook Farms, - Lexington, Ky. 
-1- c. 
old 
- — - —,,— - — pf the Big Typ e A Kentucky-Bred Mammoth Jack ^ d rs - V6 n 
; irau»ViR> hs slock f«m.“ 
Boon ready to ship. Also j 
took. Satisfaction and 
Reg.O.I.G.&C.W. Pigs SiSS-S 
safe delivery guaranteed. JOHN L. VAN MORN. Troy Brad. Co., Pa 
FOR THE BEST 
TAMWORTH and HAMPSHIRE SWINE 
w cite or visit REYNOLDS-I.YBROOK FARMS COMPANY 
Successor to Westvlew Stock harm 
l» # | Winston-Salem, N. C. 
rn U..J Ck nil and AND LARGER PONIES all 
DU 11630 OnBTiana ages and colors. Send stamp for 
new price list. THE SHENANG0 PONT FARMS, Dept. 0, Ejpyville, Pa. 
pi ;ij_I onuV (Gentle.) English Cart and Russet 
bhlluren 8 rUnl Harties*. Gi>ud condition. Sale or 
Exchange. MARGARET WILLEY. East I’ATCHOGt K, N.Y. 
r 
MISCELLANEOUS 
/-> u rr Cl 14 I D r C The quality pig 
L M L L 1 1 W A—. dj f or ^| ie Eastern 
trade. The ideal type from the Mnrningside herd. 
Pigs that will please. MORNINGSIQE FARM, Sylvania. Pa 
Big Western Type Poland-China “hi' ol’Duroc Swine 
Offer Bred Sows. Gilts, Service Boars and Pigs 
FAIRHOPE FARMS, - Berkshire, N. Y. 
‘‘HA M P SHIR E S ”§|L ~ 
They grow over a pound a day if fed intel 
Igeiitlv. Free circular. Guernsey Bulls, fe- atfc 
LOCUST LAWN FARM 
an, ; r . Bird-In-Hand. Pa. - 
Kinderhook Registered DUROCS 
Pork is 21c but we offer breeders of the best blood lines 
selected and well-fed, on a basis i t 30c. Order a sow of 
the Chief Invincible line and she will grow to a WHALE, 
k I Mtt.ltHOOK Itritot -JEKSEY ASSLN, Box 111 Kinderhook,YY. 
WALGROVE HERD 
MILKING SHORTHORNS 
OVER 50 HEAD IN HERD 
.Matty imported. Ail registered. Tuberculin tested. 
Milk records kept Write for price and particulars 
on Herd Heading Bulls Walnut Grove Farm.Washingtonville.N.Y. 
ESSO'S? Good Grade Cows 
ltred to first-class siros, either Holstein or Guern¬ 
sey, to freshen soon. Also one 1,500-1,600-1 b. a-6- 
vear-old horse orinare, sound and true, accustomed 
to farm work. Also two or three bred Duroc-.Tersey 
sows of good breeding. ROGER A. MILLAR, 
1216 Stock Exchange Bldu , Philadelphia, Penna. 
Three choice Spring Boars, sired by Pals King of 
Snnnyside. Well developed. Good Bone, 
GEORGE H. DAVIE. - Kiuderliook, N.Y. 
Reg. DUROCS temlier sow pigs. Bred 
i ight. grown right. LAWRENCE IIOWAR11, Kiuderliook. N.Y. 
C..nn.ioiJnn»nnnc< BREHSPRINGuILTSandSF.lt- 
sunnysiaemirocs vice boars, fuu i-igsof our 
September utters. JAS. E. van it.SIYNE, Kiuderliook. N Y. 
High Grade Cows 
Telephone Connect i 
HOLSTEIN'S, (JEEHNSEYS, JERSEYS in 
Carload Lots and single animals, 
[•phone Connection. 0. L. KAKLINOKIl. Mousey, \ .\ . 
SWISS GOATSSVes$ 40 up 
None milking to sell. Only letters enclosing stamp 
answered. S. ,T. Sharpies, R. 0 5, Norristown, Pa. 
W. Leghorn pullets. 
Exchange lor Pigs hms or cockerels. 
A. O. CHAPIN, - Sharon Springs, N. Y. 
Live Stock Questions 
Answered by Prof. F. C. Minkler 
Bates Shorthorns 
Will you tell me what you can about 
Bates Shorthorns, size, color and milking 
quality? Are there many in this coun¬ 
try? H. R. 
Kansas. 
By force of habit we have dropped the 
word “Bates” as it applies to Shorthorn 
cattle in this country, and substituted 
the term “milking Shorthorns,” and I 
take it that it is this type of cattle that 
you are referring to in the above inquiry. 
The Bates type of cattle were very much 
improved by a man named Thomas Bates, 
who copied many of Cruickshauk's prac¬ 
tices. and insisted upon developing a 
type of animal that would serve as a 
rent-payer for the poor tenant farmers 
of England. He realized that tin 1 pro¬ 
duction of beef alone was not as profit¬ 
able as the production of milk and beef, 
and confident that the breeders wlm were 
discarding the milk-making propensities 
of the Shorthorn breed were in error, he 
resolved to emphasize the milk-making 
characteristics and rather minimized the 
flesh-making qualities. To this end there 
was rather a sharp demarkntion between 
gaining rapidly in favor aud will, I dare 
say, within the next few years be found 
in increasing numbers on our Eastern 
farms. 
A Cross-breeding Problem 
Which progeny will be the best all 
around cattle or cow. those from a regis¬ 
tered Hereford or from an equally fine 
Shorthorn bull? Our cows are grade Mid- 
stem and Durham, with a few Guernsey 
grades. j. e. n. 
You will not be able to obtain a uni¬ 
form bunch of calves from female repre¬ 
sentatives of so many breeds and types. 
I would not under any cireumstauces use 
the Hereford bull on cows with dairy in¬ 
clinations. A milking Shorthorn bull 
would in every way give you much better 
results. The Hereford type is distinctly 
a beef-making type, while the milking 
Shorthorn represents a dual-purpose type; 
that is, a milk and beef-making type that 
would nick much better with the 
females you identify. Furthermore, since 
you have a few Durhams in your herd, 
there would he a distinct advantage in 
using the milking Shorthorn bull. I 
the Family Voir 
Milking Tima for 
the beef-making Shorthorns and the type 
adapted to milk production, until today 
we recognize first the strictly beef-making 
type of Shorthorn and, second, the milking 
Shorthorn, known in certain sections as 
the “Bates” type of milking Shorthorn. 
In size they will range from 1.200 to 
l.SOO pounds at maturity. They pattern 
absolutely in color after the beef type, 
being red. white or roan, or any combi¬ 
nation of these colors; and. so far as 
yield of milk is concerned, it is not un¬ 
common to find herds of milking Short¬ 
horns averaging as much as 8.000 pounds 
of milk in a year, while the range of pro¬ 
duction varies from about 5.000 to 18,000 
pounds. The butterfat test clings around 
the four per cent mark, and the milk 
yielded by these animals possesses a rich 
attractive quality, while the fat globules 
are large, thus making it easy to sepa¬ 
rate the cream. 
The outstanding features of tilt* milk¬ 
ing Shorthorn is the fact that they fatten 
up very easily and promptly after their 
milking period has ceased, and when they 
have outgrown their . usefulness in the 
dairy they can he fattened up for beef 
and sold to advantage. Their calves are 
worth more at any age for veal or beef 
than are the calves from strictly dairy- 
bred stock, such its Ilolsteins. Jerseys. 
Guernseys or Ayrshires. and for this 
reason it is believed that many farmers 
who are tired of dairying and the keeping 
of cows exclusively for milk production 
are going to turn to the dual-purpose 
type of cattle, which means either the 
milking Shorthorn or the Bed Boiled 
breed. 
The Shorthorn is more popular in Eng¬ 
land than the Bed Polled, inasmuch as 
I they are somewhat larger, are looked 
upon as better feeders, and have more 
persistency in their milk-making charac¬ 
teristics. The milking Shorthorns are 
not registered separately from the beet 
type of animals, and I do not have the 
figures that might suggest the total mim- 
1 her of this type of cattle in this country, 
although it is known that the breed is 
would cull the calves very closely, and 
keep only those in the herd that wen- 
front dams with exceptionally good rec¬ 
ords. 
Shorthorn and Jersey Cross 
I want to get a herd of grade milking 
.Shorthorns. I have at present Jerseys 
and Guernseys. If 1 crossed these with 
a purebred bull, what results would I 
get? Would the resulting bulls by the 
first cross be apt to show the dairy or 
beef conformation? What would be a 
fair price for purebred yearling Shorthorn 
bull? I do not want to put a great deal 
of money in him. as I only run 1(1 cows 
and would use him but two seasons. 
Skaneateles, N. Y. p. e. w. 
I would not recommend the use of a 
Shorthorn bull on high grade Jerseys or 
Guernseys. The calves would he ueither 
beef nor dairy, and I am sure that the 
male calves resulting from this cross 
would not make attractive feeding steers, 
and surely the heifer calves should find 
no place tm a progressive farm where 
dairying was carried on successively. I 
know of a number of instances where 
Ayrshire and Holstein cows have been 
mated with Shorthorn hulls, and where 
the calves resulting from this crossing 
have made very useful feeding cattle. The 
Jerseys aud Guernseys are exclusively 
dairy, and it would not he good judgment 
to try to develop a dual-purpose animal 
from this foundation stock. I would 
rather recommend that you secure a few 
milking Shorthorn heifers or calves from 
some responsible herd, keep these along 
until they are old enough to breed, mate 
them with a purebred sire and within 
three years you would have the founda¬ 
tion of a meat and milk-making herd that 
would get you somewhere. On the other 
hand, if you start with your Jersey cow 
and use a Shorthorn bull, you will be dis¬ 
appointed with tin- results, aud it is a 
long and discouraging channel to operate 
in. A purebred milking Shorthorn hull 
ought to he secured for $100, and by mak¬ 
ing inquiry with the breeders of milking 
Shorthorns, whose advertisements appear 
in the columns of The B. N.-Y., you will 
be quoted prices that 1 am sure will ap¬ 
proach this figure. There is every reason 
to believe that dual-purpose cows will 
play an important part in Eastern agri¬ 
cultural operations, and I am sure that 
it would be to your advantage to carry 
out your idea of takiug up milking Short¬ 
horns, but I would not start in my cross¬ 
breeding plans with Jersey or Guernsey 
females. 
