400 
March 1, 1919 
The RURAL NEW-YORKER 
■ N 
$ 2029 to $3092 
per cow per year 
with a 
mmm 
CREAM SEPARATOR 
Formerly, with butter-fat at 25 to 35 cents a pound, a 
De Laval Cream Separator saved $10 to $15 per cow per 
year over gravity skimming. 
Now with butter-fat selling at 50 to 65 cents a pound, 
and even higher, the saving with a De Laval is doubled. 
If you have only two cows and are selling cream or 
making butter, a De Laval will soon save enough to pay for 
itself. 
With butter-fat at present prices you need a De Laval 
more than ever before, and if you already have an inferior 
or half-worn-out separator, you cream loss with such a 
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dairy authorities and the 2,325,000 De Laval users all agree 
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best service. 
Order your De Laval now and let it begin sav¬ 
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De Laval agent, or, if you don’t know him, 
write to the nearest De Laval office as below 
The De Laval Separator Co. 
165 Broadway 29 E. Madison St. 
New York Chicago 
OVER 2,325,000 DE LAVALS IN DAILY USE 
Lugging water is a drudgery undeserved by farm 
women—and men. It is a needless waste of strength and time. 
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Main Office and Works Seneca Falls, N. Y. 
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For Every Service 
Live Stock Questions 
Answered By Prof. F. C. Minkler 
Ration for Holstein Herd 
I am feeding my Holstein cows the fol¬ 
lowing mixture : 300 lbs. wheat bran. 200 
lbs. gluten feed. 50 lbs. cottonseed meal; 
about 1 lb. to every 7 lbs. of milk. The 
cows have been doing fairly well on this 
ration, but commence to go down in the 
milk yield. I am feeding silage, corn 
stover, mixed bay and some mangels. 
Should I change the ration, and what 
would you recommend? f, h. h, 
I would fault the ration you have been 
feeding from two standpoints. In the 
first place, wheat bran which you are us¬ 
ing as the base of your ration is very ex¬ 
pensive and should be used only in mod¬ 
erate quantities. In the second place, you 
have not included any flesh or energy 
making foods in your ration, and as a re¬ 
sult the mixture is very narrow. I would 
prefer iu case I had silage, corn stover, 
mixed hay and some mangels, to use the 
following mixture: 200 lbs. corn or hom¬ 
iny, 200 lbs. buckwheat middlings, 200 
lbs. gluten, 100 lbs. wheat bran, 50 lbs. 
cottonseed meal. If by any chance you 
have some ground oats, they could be 
safely included, and I dare say would be 
more enouomieal than the bran. 
Various Forage Crops 
I intended to plant corn and Soy beans 
for silage, but labor is scarce here. I 
have been advised that Japanese barn¬ 
yard millet and Canada field peas make 
good silage for cows and needs no cultiva¬ 
tion. My soil is Dutchess County silt 
16am. Do you think millet and peas 
would make a successful crop in my 
location? Fields have been well manured, 
but not limed. Does this make good feed 
for dairy cows? a. m. c. 
New York. 
I doubt the wisdom of planting Soy 
beaus and corn together. If planted at 
the same time they will not ripen to¬ 
gether and you would experience a great 
deal of annoyance in harvesting the crop. 
The corn shades the Soy beans very 
materially and they do not begin to make 
the growth in cornfields that they do 
when drilled in a separate field by them¬ 
selves. As far as the Japanese barnyard 
millet is concerned, I do not know of any 
instance where this material has been 
ensiled with good results. Of course 
when mixed with Soy beans the result 
would be superior to the millet alone, but 
in any event the barnyard millet is a poor 
feed for cattle and is not a safe feed for 
horses. It is claimed to be the most 
vigorous growing plant that we have, of¬ 
ten reaching maturity in 30 or 40 days, 
but its stems are woody and coarse and 
tho material itself is neither palatable nor 
digestible. I should prefer the millet-Soy 
beau mixture to the corn-Soy bean mix¬ 
ture. but I am sure that unless I was 
compelled to, I would use neither. It is 
true that the barnyard millet is a splen¬ 
did agency for controlling weeds, for it 
can he planted in June or July, and if a 
good stand results and the soil is rich and 
productive, the plants will smother out 
our common weeds. I am not sure that 
the Soy beans would do well in a millet 
field, although I do appreciate the fact 
that they would add very substantially 
to the feeding value of tin* mixture. The 
ensiled mass of millet and Soy beans 
would come out of the silo very badly 
colored, in fact almost black, since the 
fermentation would be so intense, never¬ 
theless it would be quite palatable to the 
cows and they would eat it even though 
it might be badly burned. I am con¬ 
firmed in my belief that there is nothing 
that compares with corn for silage, and 
any attempt to substitute for this great 
yielding crop is only a makeshift and 
should be patronized only in an emer¬ 
gency. Soy beans grow better in any field 
tiie second or third year, and the ques¬ 
tion of inoculation might he a limiting 
factor in your case, especially if the soil 
were acid or sour, and had not been 
limed for a number of years. 
Your proposal to construct a silo and 
keep live stock through the Winter, rath- 
( r than to sell the hay, as you have pre¬ 
viously done, has merit. One good team 
and two men should be able to grow and 
harvest these crops without any difficulty. 
You would of course need some extra help 
at silo filliug time, although seven acres 
of corn which would yield about 70 tons 
would not involve a great deal of outside 
labor. I take it that you will use some 
of the oats, peas and bai’ley as a roughage 
or for hay and that you propose to ripen 
the bulk of the crop, thrash out the grain 
and use the straw for roughage. The 
ration you have indicated of 20 lbs. 
clover hay, 30 lbs. silage, 3 lbs. oats, peas 
and barley, 1 lb. of cottonseed meal, is, 
as a matter of fact, much narrower than 
1:6, and, in my judgment, the addition of 
some corn or hominy, or more barley, 
would improve the mixture. It is doubt¬ 
ful whether a cow eating 30 lbs. of silage 
per day will consume as much as 20 lbs. 
of clover hay, especially if her grain ra¬ 
tion is made up from grain products car¬ 
rying as much bulk as do oats and barley. 
If you are fortunate enough to secure a 
good stand of peas, then your oats, peas 
and barley straw would make excellent 
roughage, and could he used to advantage 
in feeding either cattle or idle horses. 
The practice you have suggested will en¬ 
able you to maintain and in reality im¬ 
prove the fertility and producing ability 
of your soil; it will enable you to grow 
the bulk of your feeds on your own farm, 
and in case you are farsighted enough to 
feed these products to carefully selected 
and known to he useful cows, I can see 
no reason why you have not equalized 
your labor load very intelligently, and 
suggested a plan that would work out 
very well. 
Oats and Barley for Feed 
I would like to know whether it is ad¬ 
visable to plant oats and barley together 
or better to seed each separately? We do 
not sell the grain, hut feed it. and 
thought it would be all right seeded to¬ 
gether. Is it all right to plant Soy beans 
with corn, or is it better to plant each 
separately? I have been told it is much 
harder to handle when seeded together. 
Is this a fact? A. M. c. 
New York. 
The mixture of oats and barley will 
make very excellent feed, and the propor¬ 
tion best suited for use would be five 
parts of oats and two parts of barley, 
which should be seeded at the rate of 3*4 
bushels per acre. There is a certain ad¬ 
vantage in growing the oats and barley 
separately, yet they are companion crops 
and can be grown together with good re¬ 
sults. I would not advise the mixing of 
Soy beans with the corn for planting. 
The Soy beans are what we call a “hot 
weather” crop, and planting would best 
be deferred until late June, while the 
corn should be planted about the middle 
of May. You will experience some dif¬ 
ficulty in cultivating Soy beans if they 
are grown together with corn, especially 
if the ground is weedy ; nevertheless, the 
greatest difficulty would be experienced 
when it comes to harvesting, since the 
two crops do not ripen at the same time 
and the vines, being entangled with the 
corn, makes it very difficult to cut with 
the harvester and bind it in such a man¬ 
ner that it can be handled without great 
loss. I would grow the corn and beans 
separately, and when silo filling time ap¬ 
proaches, the Soy beans could be cut and 
pa' tiall.v cured previous to hauling, which 
practice would check certain of the in¬ 
tense fermentations that would result in 
ease they wore massed into the silo ab¬ 
solutely green. The yield in tonnage will 
be much greater if the Soy beans are 
drilled and the corn planted in the usual 
manner. In filling the silo use about four 
tons of corn to one ton of the partially 
cured Soy beans. 
This section is a grain and dairy coun¬ 
try. Milk is delivered by farmers to the 
local creameries. We received for butter- 
fat: Dec., 97c; Jan., .$1 ; eggs. 45c; corn, 
$1.50; wheat, $2.15; rye. $1.60; oats, $1 ; 
hogs, dressed, 22c; fat steers, 11c; poul¬ 
try, live, 25c; good farm horses, $50 to 
$150; cows, $50 to $200. No hay or 
straw sold. We pay for mill feeds: 
Gluten, $2.90; bran. $2.60; several brands 
of dairy feed, $2.25 and $2.50. The 
usual acreage in wheat was sown last 
Fall. Fields look promising, w. w. K. 
Lehigh Co.. Pa. 
