408 
March 1, 11*19 
<lbc RURAL. NEW-YORKER 
Live Stock Questions 
Answered By Prof. F. C. Minkler 
Feeding Moldy Corn; Sweet Clover 
1. I have just found that my crop of 
.corn that I had shelled and placed on a 
floor that was dry and had good ventila¬ 
tion has molded badly. How can I feed 
it to my family Jersey cow and 40 hens 
without danger of injuring them? Would 
if be safe to parch or scorch it and have 
it ground and mix it with some laxative 
feed? If so, please state what to mix it 
with and in what proportions. 2. Is 
there more than one kind of Sweet clover 
and would it be a good plan to sow the 
seed on wheat in the Spring with the idea 
of making Sweet clover hay for cows? 
How long could it stand before it would 
have to be plowed up? E. J. s. 
New York. 
1. Unless you feed excessive amounts 
of corn that did not ripen and appears to 
be moldy, there is not very much danger 
from feeding it to cattle, pigs or poultry. 
Of course it would be safest to feed this 
material to pigs, but if it is mixed in the 
following proportion you could safely give 
it to your family cow: 100 lbs. of the 
ground cornmeal, 100 lbs. ground oats. 
100 lbs. wheat bran, 100 lbs. cottonseed 
meal or oil meal. If your Jersey cow is 
giving 25 lbs. of milk a day, feed her 
seven and a half pounds of this mixture, 
• and if she is thin in flesh it would be 
possible for you to increase the amount 
of the corn to 150 pounds. If the poul¬ 
try will eat the corn without any prepa¬ 
ration it would be better for them than 
in case it was scorched or prepared in 
any other way. The chances are that it 
might limit their appetite and be re¬ 
sponsible for indigestion. In case this 
moldy corn is ground it should be stored 
only in small lots, for it is very apt to 
heat and go wrong in the box or bin, and 
this perhaps is why we can often pick 
up carloads of cull corn at a very at¬ 
tractive price. To parch this corn would 
not make it any more palatable as a food 
for live stock. 
2. There are two distinct varieties of 
Sweet clover, one known as the white¬ 
blooming variety, and the other as the 
yellow-blooming variety. I very much 
doubt the wisdom of putting in Sweet 
clover with oats in the Spring in such a 
quantity as would provide for their per¬ 
manent pasture or permanent meadow. 
Sweet clover hay is rather woody and 
not especially suited for feeding cows un¬ 
less one is very careful and more or less 
expert in determining the exact cutting 
stage. The plants are very apt to be 
woody and coarse, and in this condition 
they are not palatable or much relished 
by either cattle or horses. I am inclined 
to suggest that you stick to your clover, 
mixed with Alsike clover, rather than 
counting largely on Sweet clover, and be 
disappointed with the results. Sweet 
clover is best suited for pasturing, and 
even then in order to keep the plants 
small, leafy and palatable, it is necessary 
to clip over the field once or twice dur¬ 
ing the growing season. 
Fish Meal for Pigs 
Some time ago I read that fish meal is 
a good substitute for tankage in feeding 
pigs. E. F. S. 
New York. 
Fish meal does carry a relatively high 
percentage of protein, but it has been 
used only in a limited amount in feeding 
pigs and poultry. On account of its 
rather offensive odor, however, and its 
poor keeping qualities, it is not relished 
by live stock, and palatability is a very 
important consideration of any food for 
live stock. Therefore, the bulk of the 
fish meal so far has been used for in¬ 
creasing the nitrogen content of commer¬ 
cial fertilizers, although there have been 
numerous attempts to prepare it in such 
a way so that it can be used as a sub¬ 
stitute for slaughter-house by-products. 
Eventually this material will be more 
generally used in feeding rations. 
Rations for Dairy Cows, Pigs and Caif 
1. Will you make up a grain ration 
for dairy cows? I have the following 
grain on hand: Wheat middlings, wheat 
bran: can get oilmeal at $3.60, cotton¬ 
seed meal at $3.SO. grou d oats at $3.70, 
buckwheat middlings at $3.50 per cwt. 
The cottonseed meal is part hulls, and I 
do not consider it ext a good. Cornmeal 
is $3.80; cannot get ground barley. 
Roughage is mixed hay only. 2. Will 
you also give me a grain ration for four- 
months-old pigs that are well developed 
for their age? Tigs have about six quarts 
of skim-milk each per day. 3. I would 
also like a grain ration for two-months-old 
calf that has about 10 quarts of skim- 
milk per day. Have been feeding calf 
quarts of calf meal per day in addi¬ 
tion to milk and hay. Calf is very large 
for its age, a bull calf that I wish to 
push along. G. D. 
New York. 
1. The prices that you have quoted 
seem unusually high, especially your 
buckwheat middlings at $3.50 per 100 
and your ground oats at $3.70 per 100. 
We are buying buckwheat middlings at 
$44 a ton, and our cottonseed in carload 
lots will stand us in at $40 a ton. Wheat 
middlings nowadays are nothing less than 
ground bran, and, while the price is 
relatively high at the present time, you 
ought to be able to secure them at not 
more than $2.50 per 100. I would not 
use any bran or middlings, however, un¬ 
less the cows were approaching the end 
of their gestation period, for bran at the 
prevailing price is too expensive a feed 
to rely upon as a basis for a grain 
ration. The following mixture will give 
you good results: 400 lbs. buckwheat 
middlings; 400 lbs. cornmeal or hominy; 
200 lbs. ground oats; 400 lbs. oilmeal or 
cottonseed meal; 150 lbs. wheat bran. 
Use 1 lb. of this mixture for each 3 lbs. 
of milk produced daily, giving the cow in 
addition about 35 lbs. of silage, and all 
the roughage that she will clean up with 
relish. If you do not have silage, mangel 
beets may be substituted; but if you have 
neither of the above mentioned succulent 
feeds, beet pulp, moistened 12 hours be¬ 
fore feeding, will take their place, al¬ 
though the cost of this material is consid¬ 
erably higher than either silage or man¬ 
gels. 
2. Pigs four months old ought to weigh 
in the neighborhood of 120 lbs. This 
would mean that they have been well fed 
ever since birth, and since you have as 
much as six quarts of milk per pig per 
day, I would not use anything else but 
cornmeal and ground oats, mixed in the 
proportion of five pounds of cornmeal to 
two pounds of ground oats. The skim- 
milk will take the place of digester tank¬ 
age, and would supply all the protein 
necessary, and the corn and oats mixture 
would be better than any other combina¬ 
tion that you could purchase. Middlings 
are high priced and are not essential for 
pigs weighing more than 75 lbs. 
3. As to the two-months-old calf. I 
should say that 10 quarts of skim-milk per 
day would be an excessive amount to use. 
Too much milk has a tendency to bring 
on indigestion and scours, and I should 
be inclined to prevail upon the calf to eat 
more of the grain ration, and get along 
with less than 20 lbs. of milk per day. 
The following mixture will be found use¬ 
ful for feeding a calf of this age: 10 lbs. 
sieved ground oats, 10 lbs. white mid¬ 
dlings, 5 lbs. oilmeal. 5 lbs. cornmeal. 2 
lbs. bloodmeal. As soon as the calf will 
nibble away at whole oats I would make 
sure that they were available, for there 
is nothing that will put on the frame and 
stretch in a young calf as well as oats in 
some form. For roughage I would use 
Alfalfa or clover hay, making sure that 
the leafy portion of the plants w'as al¬ 
ways available. A bull calf should be 
developed in such a way that he will not 
put on an excessive amount of flesh, for 
such a condition would be very apt to 
make him logv, and inactive, and would 
materially shorten his period of useful¬ 
ness. 
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