©6e RURAL NEW-YORKER 
477 
Sterilizing Manure with Steam 
Will cook ing manure with steam dam¬ 
age it as a fertilizer? The idea is to kill 
all weed seeds and insect pests, as well 
as to make the manure rot quicker, a. h. 
Portland, (ire. 
Manure contains a very large number 
of bacteria of different kinds. Some of 
these bacteria are quite resistant to heat¬ 
ing. and will not be killed by ordinary 
steaming at atmospheric pressure. Hence, 
the cooking of manure for an hour or 
less will reduce the number of bacteria 
in it. However, tin'surviving spore-form¬ 
ing organisms would soon multiply again 
to large numbers. Hence, from the stand¬ 
point of fertility, no particular objection 
can be raised to the cooking of manure if 
the cooking is intended in the first place to 
rid th(> manure of insects and weed seeds. 
JACOB G. I.IPMAN. 
New Jersey Experiment Station. 
Tomatoes on Trellises 
(>n page 373 T see that they grow to¬ 
matoes on trellises. Do you think it is 
the best way to grow them? I have a 
space in my garden about 20x10 ft. for 
tomatoes. I .plant about three dozen 
plants. C. S. C. 
Hartford, Conn. 
The trellises would not pay as a com¬ 
mercial* proposition. Very few of the 
commercial growers run the vines on 
stakes or trellises. In garden culture the 
extra work will often pay. You save 
space and get earlier and finer tomatoes, 
though the later crop is not usually so 
heavy as where the vines run ou the 
ground. 
Methods of Grape Training 
fader what system of pruning can I get 
the most fruiting power out of the follow¬ 
ing varieties of grapes, which are growing 
on garden soil within limited space? I 
take it for granted each variety does bet¬ 
ter under different pruning. As" my grape¬ 
vines have been planted last Spring and 
allowed to grow one strong cane which is 
now cut back to a couple of eyes. I shall 
have to make up my m'nd what system 
to follow, horizons I arm spur, high re¬ 
newal. Hudson horizontal or drooping 
system. . Are not L.r.iRs of vines only 
five or six inches from ground more fruit¬ 
ful as a rule than high-headed ones? 
'Wirieties are Concord. Worden. Brighton. 
Niagara. Lueile, Green Mountain, w. l.. 
Woodliaven, N. Y. 
There is no qi stion that certain va¬ 
rieties grow anu fruit better when 
pruned to conform to the training of one 
or more of the methods that have been in 
general use for some years. The natural 
growth habit of the particular variety is 
the "best index of the vine’s adaptability to 
the differen. types; that is, the upright, 
the hor'z mtal or the drooping. Varie¬ 
ties the are characterized by their vig¬ 
orous growth habit, even tinder average 
soil conditions, if they indicate by the 
teude. y of their shoots to assume a pen¬ 
dant pos.tion, should be trained to one 
or another method that allows of this, 
namely some form of the Kniffen. On 
the other hand, Catawba, while possessing 
the vigorous growth habit, nevertheless 
has the inherent character of uprightness 
of shoot, and consequently when rowu 
tinder good soil conditions it should be 
trained to a form of the upright type, 
preferably the high renewal or the Chau¬ 
tauqua. 
The length of the trunk as ordinarily 
maintained with the well-known methods 
in use does not influence to any appre¬ 
ciable extent the fruitfulness. However, 
this increase does not come with the very 
short trunk, but rather with those of av¬ 
erage to above length. Experience of sev¬ 
eral years with the various training meth¬ 
ods tends to the conclusion that Concord 
can be grown most economically trained 
to the single-stem four-cane Kniffen meth¬ 
od. Worden likewise has shown an adapt¬ 
ability to this method, but it must be 
pruned closer than Concord. Niagara is 
ideally adapted to the single-stem Kniffen. 
but with closer prur'^g than the Cou- 
cord, hut longer than Worden. Brighton 
is well adapted to the umbrella Kniffen or 
the inverted fan. While Lueile is above 
the average in vigor, yet its tendency to 
ove bear restricts its training to a method 
by which this tendency can be checked. 
Its growth habit suggests high renewal, or 
closely pruned and trained to the Chau¬ 
tauqua. Green Mountain is well adapt¬ 
ed to the drooping type ,and of all of these 
the low Kniffen or oue-wire Kniffen meth¬ 
ods proves it worth. F. E, uladwjn. 
PORTLAND A 
ATLAS 
CEMENT 
-TRADEMARK- 
w 
It Can Be Done 
Because It Has Been Done 
—quickly and at 
reasonable cost 
I OOK at the two illustrations of 
J the same house shown here 
and note the transformation made 
by the use of Atlas White —the 
white cement best adapted to bring 1 
out the beauty and utility of stucco 
homes. 
Homes of stucco shut out the cold 
of winter and heat of summer. 
Their increased attractiveness and 
stability are permanent—no paint¬ 
ing or repairs. And, being fire- 
resistant, stucco lowers your insur¬ 
ance cost. You do not have to give 
up the use of a single room while 
the transformation is being made. 
If interested in a new home or re¬ 
modeling your present house, send 
for '~ne or all three of our beauti- 
fuLy illustrated and instructive 
books— 
New Homes for Old 
Information for Home Builders 
Building a Bungalow 
Use the coupon printed below and check beside 
the titles the books you wish us to send you. 
Send the coupon to our office nearest you. 
The Atlas Portland Cement Company 
Member of the Portland Cement Association 
New York _ Chicago Boston 
Philadelphia St. Louis Des Moines 
Dayton Savannah Minneapolis 
The Atlas Portland Cement Company 
(Address tho Atlas Office nearest you) 
Please send me without cost or obligation a copy of ee«h 
of your books as checked below. 
— New Homes for Old 
—Information for Home Builders 
—Building a Bungalow 
Name. 
Mae 
Addrese 
MOLINE 
LIME 
SOWER 
If your soil is sour, and much land 
is, you can do more to increase your 
crops at less cost by spreadingcrushed 
lime stone than by any other method. 
You can’t grow clover, alfalfa, soy 
beans, corn, peas and other legumes 
on acid soil. All crops do better on 
well limed soils. 
The best way to spread crushed lime stone, 
rock phosphate, commercial fertilizer, ashes, 
th i * ‘ ~ 
etc., is with a Moline Lime Sower. It is very 
strong, has a wide, deep hopper capable of 
holding 800 lbs. of lime. It spreads evenly, 
quickly, without waste and can be quickly 
regulated to spread practically any desired 
quantity. Built in 8 foot widths and equipped 
with or without agitator which prevents lime 
from banking or caking. 
Send for folder R. F. 19 which tells all 
about the Moline Lime Sower, also tells the 
value of lime stone and how to test your soil 
for acidity. 
MOLINE PLOW CO., Moline, III. 
Manufacturers of Quality 
Farm Implements Since 1865 
A Modern Shearing Outfit 
In every wool-growing country large num¬ 
bers of Stewart Little Wonders—the two- 
inan outfit—are in use. Shears 200 to 400 
sheep a day. In this outfit you get 
2 Stewart Power Shearing Ma¬ 
chines; 2 Stewart wide shears; 
12 combs (lower knife); 24 cut¬ 
ters (upper knife). 
1 power grinder for sharpening 
combs and cutters. 
1—2 h. p. Little Wonder Gasoline 
Engine—high tension magneto. 
Engine may he used for other work after shear¬ 
ing. Price of complete outfit as described above, 
?lt:3.20. If not convenient to remit in full, send 
10% with order and pay balance on arrival. 
He turn for tuU refund, including freight, if not satisfied. 
CHIQACO FLEXIBLE SHAFTING COMPANY 
Dept. C-I4I, IZih St. and Central Ave , Chicago, III. 
WELL dr p^s ng WEI l 
Owe a machine of your ov~. Cash or easy 
terms. Many styles and sizes for all purposes. 
Write for Circular 
WILLIAMS BROS.. 432 W. State St.. Ithaca. N. T. 
PRODUCTIVE POULTRY HUSBANDRY, 
by Harry R. Lewie ; $2. A popular Poultry 
work. For tale by Rural New - Yorker 
