514 
Vhe RURAL NEW-YORKER 
March 22, 1919 
Watches and 
Tractors 
-[mmltonOJatdt 
**The Watch of Railroad Accuracy ” 
The purchase of a watch, like the 
purchase of a tractor, is an important 
transaction. 
You do not drop carelessly in at your 
jeweler's and just ask for a watch, any 
more than you drop carelessly in at 
your local implement agent's and just 
ask for a tractor. You know machinery 
too well to take such a chance. 
You first make a careful study of the 
relative merits of different makes You 
make careful inquiries as to sturdy qual¬ 
ity, dependability, continuous perform¬ 
ance, and probable length of service. By 
applying this test to different watches, 
you are almost sure to choose the 
You can safely time your farm work 
with the same accurate and sturdy watch 
that most railroad men carry. Carry a 
Hamilton and be on time, all the time. 
Let the dependable watch that times the 
trains time the complicated schedule of 
your farm. 
Go to your jcwelrr's today and inspect his Hamil- 
tons. You may choose your Hamilton from a total 
of 22 models, rancinK in price from $32 to $160. 
Hamilton movements alone $17 ($19.50 in Canada) 
and up. 
Send today for “ The Timekeeper 
— the story of Hamilton Accuracy. 
Hamilton Watch Company 
Dept. 69, Lancaster, Pa. 
BERRY PLANTS 
5TRAWBKRUY PLANTS, earliest, latest, laruest, 
nost productive and everbear n« varieties. KASP- 
UKKR V, BLACK BKtt K Y.GOOS KB KRRY,GRACE, 
JUltUANT. ASPARAGUS, RHUBARB, HORSE¬ 
RADISH PLANTS, FRUIT and ORNAMENTAL 
L'REES, SHRUBS. 
VEGETABLE PLANTS 
7ABBAGE, CAULIFLOWER, BEET. CELERY. EGG. BRJJS- 
iELS SPItbUTS, KALE, LETTUCE. ANION, PAfcSLEY'. SAGE, 
•BPI’ER SWKFT POTATO. TOMATO PLANTS. CuIjiIok free. 
HARRY L. SQUIRES, GOOD GROUND, N. Y. 
PLANTS. Money Making Varieties. Catalog 
Strawberry Flee. BASIL PERRY, Georgetown, Del. 
1/ i j n_and Superb Fall-Rearing Stn 
vanied Progressive berry Plants, j. h., care r. n, 
■ftw- 
Y. 
SEED POTATOES 
AMERICAN GIANTS (Late) 
From Tuber-Unit selection. Second crop seed. 
Disease resistant. Heavy yielding. Grown 
on our Windermoor Farm, August, Septem¬ 
ber, October, 1918. Price, per bushel, SCJ.SO; 
barrel, 880.75. 
STOKES SEED FARMS COMPANY, Moorestown, N. J. 
Srawbcrry Plants 50 varieties 
to select from including tlie Fail-bearing. Send for 
free fcatalog. J. KEIFFORD H ALL, Dept. 2, Rliodesdaie, Mil. 
STRAWBERRY PLANTS 
We have ten of tlie best kinds selected out of shorn 
jlred—Early, Midseason ami Lato. A Iso CABBAGE, CEL* 
ENY TOMATO. PEPPER. SWEET POTATO PLANTS in season. 
Send for our 1919 price list. Caleb Hoggs & Son. 
ROMANCE SEED AND PLAN T FARM, Cheswold. Delaware 
Red rtaspberry DFNants 
A limited number of Herbert and Donboro (one of 
the Experiment Station seedlings) S3 per 100; 530 per 
J.00(1. Doth are bright color, large si/.e. very prolific 
ami hardy. YVm. llotaling, Iiinderhook, N.Y. 
DENT CORN 
FOR SHORT SEASONS 
Our EARLY WHITE HYBRID DENT is Michigan 
Grown, beautiful deep kernel, cap white, sides lemon- 
yell,,w tinged with red. Kars tilled solid to tip. IlieBurest 
iiud liP-st prolific early corn yet developed Our seed 
stoelc was husked in August, yield 98 bit. per acre. Shelled 
69 ]|, s i-r .in from 70 lbs. cars. Sample, I rice last, t ARM 
and GARDEN SEED CATALOG Free on request. 
THE C. E. DE PUY CO„ PONTIAC, MICH. 
2nd CROP SEED POTATOES 
Cobbler—Mills Pride—Giants and (Late) Superba 
(White) and Red Skins. 
SEED CORN—Yellow and White. 
WHITE PLYMOUTH ROCKS—Stock and Eggs 
MINCH BROS,. BRIDGETON., N- J. 
For Sale—Green Mountain Seed Potatoes 
300 Bu. per acre. $2 Hu. OTISIULL KAUM, Woodstock, Varuiuut 
2 nd Crop Irish Cobbler 8eo«l Potatoes. Freight 
Paid. Prices lowest, quality considered. Also Corn, 
Meal and Hogfoed. ltOBLin K. SMITH. N»«»»nadox Vu. 
N orthern Grown Seed Potntocs II lustra tail Catalog 
Free. Buy Direct FromAllTlI UK AMlllllMJE, tinkers,S.V, 
. Our seeds are selected and cleaned to lx; 
, WEEDLESS and tree irom dead grains. I key 
will go much farther than ordinary held seeds, 
nearly always adding enough to tlie crop to pay for 
themselves. Samples and catalog** including 
_ "lluxo to Know Good Seed free. Write today. 
O. M. SCOTT ft SONS CO. 260 Sixth St.. Marysville, Ohio 
e >„„,1 Lowest prices. Highest gcrmlit 
Choice o66d l/Orn ittion. Extra Selected. No high 
priced catalogue and low overhead expenses enable us to 
save von 39% on your Seed Corn. Write today for samples 
and circular. Four varieties— Improved 91)100 day follow 
Dent m ill's Yellow Dent, White Cap Yellow Dent (Ensil¬ 
age),’Em ly Minnesota No. 13. WOODFIELD'S FARM, Wycombe, Pa, 
Seed Corn 
rieticn. Highestyiclders Host show 
•lfiilfn. Spring wheat 1200 acres. Sample on request 
today for catalog, " 
5 nnn Extra solec- 
|UUU ted. sure to 
Bushels vif 
Bost show corn. Also seed oats, barley. 
i'Joo acres. Sample on request. Writo 
K. SCAllt'F * SONS, New Carlisle, Okie 
eedCorn 
Golden Oranpre, Flint. Giant, Ensil¬ 
age, Yellow Pride. S6 »)U. Harked. 
Special priceHoncar lots. Order Ear¬ 
ly. Harry Vail. New Milford, Orange Co., N.Y 
FIRGINIA WHITE DENT FOR ENSILAGE 
t has long been recognized that Virginia grown 
orns are much superior to Northern corns fo. en- 
Huge purposes. More tons per acre. Need get mtn 
,tod 98%. per bushel, oar or shelled. Sample on 
equest. Elle rslie Stock Farm. Petersburg, Virginia 
, jn Foil SALE. Golden Orange Flint and Yellow 
teed torn Dent at $3.BO pet- bushel. 9n% germination 
guaranteed. F- D- JOHNSON, Whlppuny, N. J. 
SWEET CLOVER SEED 
Prices and circular of information sent on request. 
E. BARTON, - Box 29, Falmouth, Kentucky 
AT WHOLESALt 
Wo Bave you money. 
Buynow before advance. 
Crop short. We expect 
hierher prices. Don't 
CLOVER 
. 11Tic>i ■ i v numin. __iC BOlUBUUjUbtto 
vour approval and government test. Write today for 
samp!e 3 , P special prices and big Profit-Sharing Seed Guido. 
American Mutual Seed Co.. Dept. 126 Chicago. Illinois 
LANCASTER CO. SURE CROP 
YELLOW DENT AND REID'S YELLOW DENI 
EMPEROR YELLOW DENT 
JOHNSON CO. WHITE 
Becleaued and ready for Planter. 
deed sure to grow. 
Box A MARTIN of Mnnlielm, 1’u. 
o 
o 
3\r 
Tested 
c? r~ sr n TESTED A II E F F I E 1.1» TEI.I.OW 
a C E U FLINT. Farm Bureau reports germ inn- 
f \ n m) tlon 99 per cent. 8*T for TO lbs ot ears 
U U If IV j. POI’K, Great Barrington. M **«" 
190 bu. Country Gentle 
man at $ 5 per b u. 
489 6th St. Brooklyn, N.Y. 
Seed SWEET CORN 
G F SMITH Jr 
m — _ 4 .^ Cluster Prolific "None 
f-l ftfifl bettor;" $1.40bush. Sam 
pies, Stamp. OWNLA/Ilt rAllM, Box 1»7. South Hammond, N.Y. 
Pure Swed>sh Seed Oats Com,OittbHjr«. Mangrei 
Wurn*U«vo Usttreo. Writ*. KAftMJOOK, ttimusTtUo, 
General Farm Topics 
Value ot Stable Manure 
What is the value of horse, cow, pig, 
sheep and chicken manure per ton? This 
question was asked in our Grange last 
meeting night, J. W. T. 
Rockland Co., N. Y. 
No two samples of manure are ever ex¬ 
actly alike. They will vary according to 
the feed given the animal, the amount and 
character of the bedding, and the way the 
manure has been handled. For example, 
the stable manure you buy from the city 
is not equal to the horse manure made on 
the farm. In the city stalls the liquids 
mostly run down into the sewers and the 
stables are washed out, while on the farm 
the liquids are mixed with tlie solids. 
The following table, shows the average 
composition of fresli manure: 
pounds in one ton 
Manure Nitrogen Phos. Acid Potash 
Horse . 
10 
0 
10 
Cow . 
s 
4 
8 
Fig. 
12 
10 
14 
Sheep . 
18 
10 
20 
Poultry ... 
22 
10 
10 
This repre 
■sents fresh 
manure. 
It never 
contains more plant food and usually less 
the longer it is kept, and this is the great 
argument in favor of getting it out on the 
soil at once. Many samples will contain 
less plant food than these figures show— 
a very few more. The horse manure 
bought in the city does not usually con¬ 
tain 75 per cent of the plant food men¬ 
tioned in this table. The value of such 
plant food is measured by what you buy 
nitrogen, potash and phosphoric acid for 
in the market as chemicals. You can buy 
nitrate of soda at about $00 per ton, and 
a ton of it contains about 320 lbs. of 
nitrogen. That means about 28 cents a 
pound. Acid phosphate will cost about 
$24 per ton, and there are 320 lbs. of 
phosphoric acid, which means not far 
from eight cents a pound. As for potash, 
what little is for sale will cost about 20 
cents a pound. From these figures we see 
that the plant food in a ton of first-class 
horse manure would cost about $6. Yet 
the nitrogen in the horse manure being in 
an organic form would not he worth half 
as much, pound for pound, as the nitrogen 
in nitrate of soda. It is thus impossible 
to make any exact comparison. Consider¬ 
ing the quality of the average city stable 
manure we do not consider it worth much 
over $4.50 per ton for its plant food. Its 
true value comes in the organic matter 
which it brings to the soil, and in the bac¬ 
teria or germs which it contains. Those 
bacteria work in the soil to break up 
organic matter. Thus we might plow un¬ 
der a crop of rye and clover. If we can 
use even a small amount of manure with 
it we shall get much better results, be¬ 
cause the bacteria introduced in the ma¬ 
nure will work all through the soil and 
hasten decay of the rye or clover. We 
think that is the chief value of city ma¬ 
nure. 
Wood Borers in House Timbers 
The timbers in my house wore taken 
from an old barn; floor joists, 2x(> or 
2x8 oak. Worms are working in the 
wood, and the dust, or sawdust, is in lit¬ 
tle piles in several places in the cellar. 
What is the best way to stop their work? 
Foxboro, Mass. !• a. b. 
Would you give some way of getting 
rid of wood borers in the cellar? They 
are eating the beams so that large heaps 
of the yellow wood powder drop the whole 
length of each beam on cellar bottom, and 
now tlicv are eating right through the 
floors, i am afraid it will soon weaken 
the beams, and it is a large house, be¬ 
sides the very filth of it, the dust all over 
everything. T- s - 
EdenviBe, N. Y. 
The worms or borers which arc eating 
into the beams and floors are the grubs of 
the powder-post beetle. This insect usu¬ 
ally confines its attacks to the sapwood 
of such hard woods as are used in con¬ 
struction and interior trim The grub 
which docs the damage is one stage of the 
complete life cycle of the powder-post 
beetle. One way of control is to kill the 
little beetles whenever they appear. But 
under the conditions existing in a house 
they are likely to appear til any and all 
times. A thorough fumigation with sul¬ 
phur or formaldehyde will help. This 
will kill till of the mature beetles al¬ 
though it may fail to reach some of the 
grubs which are well entrenched m the 
wood. Fumigation may be supplemented 
where possible bv painting the woodwork 
with a thin mixture of turpentine and as¬ 
phalt, or oven with hot creosote. Dr. 
Felt, New York State Entomologist, de¬ 
scribes the following method of control: 
“The only application that was thor¬ 
oughly effective and also a protection from 
subsequent injury, was a very thin mix¬ 
ture of turpentine and asphalt, or coal 
tar. This ‘was applied to the posts and 
pillars by boring small holes obliquely 
inward and downward and then filling 
them with the mixture, which would 
quickly penetrate the powdery mass in 
the burrows, not only killing all life with 
which it came in contact, hut also carry¬ 
ing with it the asphalt, thereby rendering 
the uneaten portion permanently distaste¬ 
ful to the insects.” 
Another method which involves much 
more painstaking work is to force into 
each hole a few drops of carbon bisul¬ 
phide, and then stop the opening with 
putty or even soap. A very fine-nosed oil 
can may bo used for injecting the liquid. 
Great care should be taken not to have 
fire or a lighted lamp close by when the 
work is being done, as the fumes of car¬ 
bon bisulphide'are highly inflammable. 
g. ir. c. 
Bottling Sweet Cider Commercially 
Where may I secure complete informa¬ 
tion regarding tin 1 bottling of sweet apple 
juice on a commercial scale? c. T. r. 
Gardners, Pa. 
Assuming that all the equipment for (he 
production of sweet cider is in place, the 
extra apparatus needed for operation on 
a commercial scale consists of a cider or 
grape juice pasteurizer. The pasteurizer 
will rapidly and perfectly sterilize cider 
or grape juice, is continuous in operation 
and handles the juices in such manner 
that they do not come into contact with 
the bacteria and other contaminating in¬ 
fluences of the air. The steam enters a 
cylindrical chamber through which tinned 
copper pipe is coiled, the juice being heat¬ 
ed as it passes through the coiled pipe. A 
thermometer indicates the temperature of 
the sterilized juice. The juice is run 
through by gravity and is regulated to 
maintain a temperature of 100 to 170 de¬ 
grees Fahrenheit. From the outlet it cun 
he run directly into bottles or casks 
through a rubber hose. The time required 
for the pasteurization process is about In 
minutes. No sweetening is added to the 
product, which must always he put in air¬ 
tight containers. A - h. p. 
Kale in Oregon 
Willamette Valley farmers began ex¬ 
perimenting with Thousaiul-headod kale 
about 30 years ago and it is now one of 
our most valuable forage plants. It is a 
great stock food; cattle, horses, slieep. 
hogs and poultry, all eat it eagerly. It. 
was given the name Thousand-headed be¬ 
cause it has so many branches. It does 
not head up like cabbage, but resembles 
rape, though it grows taller and 1ms much 
larger leaves. Kale grows rapidly, and 
produces- a mass of thick, curly loaves, 
rich in protein and mineral matter. A 
single plant will sometimes weigh •’,() 
pounds. An acre of rich soil planted to 
kale and kept well cultivated will pro¬ 
duce from 25 to 30 tons of the very best 
green feed. It will endure considerable 
freezing, and in our climate is fed green 
from the field all Winter. If planted 
early in the Spring it. will make valuable 
green feed till throueh the Summer and 
Fall. To ret best, results drill kale seed 
in rows in rich soil about April 1 . As 
soon as plants are up begin to cultivate 
and keep the ground well worked. When 
the plants are about 10 inches high trans¬ 
plant in rows two feet apart in a well-pre¬ 
pared soil. Cultivate often, so as to con¬ 
serve moisture. As soon as the lower 
leaves are large enough to feed they may 
be broken from the stalk without injurin': 
the plant. The plants we set in May and 
June supply leaves for feed through Fall 
and Winter; then the plants are cut off 
and fed during the following Spring. If 
left standing they go to seed. 
A new kale, not so hardy as the Thou¬ 
sand-headed but more prolific, is called 
Marrow kale. The stalks are from five 
to six in lies in diameter, are edible, and 
very much relished by stock, and man 
also, when they are peeled, sliced, cooked 
in salt water and served with a butter 
sauce. In the Spring the new growth of 
leaves makes good greens when cooked 
with mustard, turnip or dandelion. Kale 
is also a most excellent green feed for 
laying hens. It is surprising how much 
jt flock will eat if they are allowed the 
run of a kale patch. If you do not know 
kale it will be much to your advantage 
to get acquainted with it. Try a patch 
of it this year and see if you do not get 
the largest ouantity of excellent green 
feed at the lowest cost of anything you 
ever raised E. M. S. 
Banks, Ore. 
An eminent Scottish preacher was try¬ 
ing to explain to an old lady the meaning 
of the Scriptural expression, “Take up 
thy bed and walk.” He informed her 
that the bed was simply a mat or rug 
easily taken up and carried away “Na, 
na ” was her reply, “I canna believe that 
The bed was a regular four-poster There 
would be no miracle iu walking away wi* 
a bit o’ mat or rug on your back.”—Lon¬ 
don Farm and Home. 
