642 
•Dk RURAL NEW-YORKER 
April 12, 1 !)!!• 
MANURE IS DEFICIENT IN 
PHOSPHORUS 
WITH COMMERCIAL FERTILIZERS COSTING MORE 
THAN DOUBLE THE USUAL PRICE, MAKE 
YOUR MANURE GO AS FAR AS POSSIBLE 
BY REINFORCING IT WITH 
BARIUM-PHOSPHATE 
AN ALKALINE FERTILIZER 
ANALYZING 
16% Phosphoric Acid 7% Barium Sulphide 
Is an ideal material for the Dairyman or Market Gardener to use. 
Added to manure it supplies Phosphorus in a most desirable form. 
A few loads of manure, to each of which a bag of Barium-Phosphate 
has been added, will produce more Corn per acre than three or four times 
the amount of manure used alone. 
Barium-Phosphate is a mixture of an alkaline salt of Barium, which 
is soluble in water, and Phosphate of Lime. 
IT SUPPLIES PHOSPHORUS AT A LOW COST 
Every farmer knows that so long as he can grow clover, he can grow 
anything else, and the converse is also true, that where clover persistently 
refuses to grow, owiug to acid conditions, then other crops must steadily 
deteriorate. 
Barium-Phosphate, iu addition to supplying Phosphorus 
Sweetens the Soil 
and INSURES a LUXURIANT GROWTH OF CLOVER 
WITHOUT THE USE OF LIME 
Used with manure, or plowed under with green crops, Barium-Phos¬ 
phate alone, will produce good yields, and build up the fertility of your 
farm. 
This material is being used by some of the most successful farmers aud 
market gardeners in New York and New England, and is giving excellent 
results. 
WHY NOT GIVE IT A TRIAL 
We urge that you order at least a few tons of this material and give it 
a fair trial. * 
We will deliver Barium-Phosphate anywhere in New England, New 
York, Pennsylvania or New Jersey at the following prices: 
Carloads, 15 tons or more 
Less Carloads, 1 ton or more 
$21.50 per ton 
23.50 per ton 
It will pay you to write for our books: 
BARIUM-PHOSPHATE FOR GENERAL FARM CROPS. 
BARIUM-PHOSPHATE FOR MARKET GARDEN CROPS. 
BARIUM-PHOSPHATE IN THE ORCHARD. 
Withcrbcc, Sherman & Company, Inc. 
2 Rector Street, New York City 
SEED CORN 
Learning and 
Early Mastodon 
Official test 97%. $3 Bu.; 10 bu, $27.50. Sacks free. 
E. MANCHESTER & SONS, - Winsled, Conn. 
j\r 
LANCASTER CO. SURE CROP 
YELLOW DENT AND REID’S YELLOW DENT 
EMPEROR YELLOW DENT 
JOHNSON CO. WHITE 
lteeleaned and ready for Planter. Tested 
Seed sure to grow. 
Box A MARTIN of Mnnliclm, Pa. 
Seed Corn 
5 Aft!! Extra eeleo- 
yllUU ted. euro to 
__ Bushels 
rieties. Highest yielders. Best show corn. Also seed oats, barley, 
alfalfa. Spring wheat. 1200 acres. Sample on request Write 
today for catalog. W. Pi. SCAUKF A SOUS, Hew Carlisle, Ohio 
Tested and Trusted Over a Century $ 
« 
4 
< 
< 
SEEDf 
CORN 
EID’S YELLOW DENT 
VERY PROLIFIC 
(14.50 per Budhel, Stti'Ued 
SUNNYSIDE FARM, Weitwood, N. J. 
For Sale—Long Island SEED CORN white iVent 
Fill your silo economically with large yields from 
this seed. $5 per hush, in lutes. Reduction on or¬ 
ders ten bush, or over. J. C0DD1NGT0N, Glen Head, L. I. 
Improved Golden Dent Gourd Seed Corn 
FOR SALE. Yield 90 to 100 Bush, to the acre Write for 
Circular. Sample an<l Prices. Edward Walter, 
" EUREKA STO CK FARM." Dept. R WEST CHESTER, PENNA 
Golden Oranpre, Flint, Giant, Ensil. 
age, Yellow Pride. $5 bu. sacked. 
Special prices on car lots. Order Ear¬ 
ly. Harry Vail. New Milford, Orange Co., N.Y. 
ledCorn 
SUDAN 
GRASS 
The new drought-resistant forage 
plant. 4-7 tons yield per acre. A 
great feed for stoclc. Write for sam- 
__ _ _ pies aud growing instructions. 
THE HOLMES-LETHERMAN SEED CO., Box K, Canton, Ohio 
LUCE’S Favorite SEED CORN antre County. 
The best silage corn in New York state. Write or_ in¬ 
quire for prices. MILLERDALE FARM, New Hampton, N.Y. 
sal" A Quantity of White FlintRed Glazed SeedCorn 
■wn.ch won the first premium at the N. Y. State Fair, 1918. 
JAMES 1). AUS TIN, Eagle Bridge, N. Y. 
P....-IP... P„.J Golden Buttercup, Golden Bantam, 
oWeeT uorn oeeo Bosy Morn. Bantam Evergreen, 40c. 
lb., 3 lb*. SI, postpaid. HANSOM FARM, Geneva, Ohio 
W HITE CAP DENT SEED CORN for sale. Strong 
and vigorous. None better. S3 per bu. Generous 
sample for 10c. R. C. MucKLEY, Brogueville. Pa. 
M n„,_ Early White Cap, 70 lbs. ears, $3.60. Also 
uorn ensilage corn. Hansom Earm, Geners. Ohio 
j Bolgiano's “Gold” Brand 
iCLOVER SEED 
► Red Clover, Sapling Clover, Alsyke, Alfalfa, 
► Crimson Clover,White Clover.Clover and Grass 
> Mixture, Japan Clover, Sweet Clover, Timothy, 
* Kentucky Blue Grass, Red Top, Dwarf Essex 
* Rape, Spring Vetches, Winter Vetches, Millets, 
B Sudan Grass, Rye Grass, Permanent Pasturage, 
> SeedCorn, Cow Peas, Soy Beans, Field Peas, 
> Seed Grains, Milo Maize, Sorghums, Seed Po- 
» tatoes. Seed Oats, Onion Sets, Etc 
► 
> 
> 
Bolgiane’s “Gold” Brand Seeds 
are Carefully Selected, Re-cleaned 
of Highest Purity and Germination 
BOLGIANO’S ‘GOLD’ GUARANTEE 
Anyone who purchases Bnlgiano’s “Gold” 
Brand Seeds and upon <- animation finds 
them in any respect ui itlsfactory can 
immediately return th n and money 
that has been paid for same will be re¬ 
refunded. We will also pay the freight 
both ways. _ 
Catalog and Samples Mailed to Your 
Address—FREE 
Name Varieties in which You aro Inter¬ 
ested. We will pay freight if you mention 
t this Paper. 
Bolgiano’s Seed Store 
Address Dept. 140 BALTIMORE, MD. 
Alfalfa 
Cow Pea* 
Soy Beans 
J Also Maine-Grown Seed Potatoes— 
Seed Oats—Clovers, including Al- 
f alfa from rugged Northwest—Can¬ 
ada Peas—Cow Peas—Spring Grains. 
Hoffman’s Farm Seeds 
Samples 
Free 
I Hoffman’s 1918Seed Book lafullofxal- 
uablc hints. It is free, with samples. If 
you mention this paper. Write today. 
A. H. HOFFMAN, Inc. 
Landiaville, Lancaster Co., Pa. 
S COB’S MAMMOTH CLOVER 
Guaranteed true to name. Ask for 
sample and catalogue. 
0. M. SCOTT & SONS CO. 560 Sixth Sl, Maryxrille, 0. 
S WEET CLOVER. Best white Scarified. *18 Bu. Exp. 
paid. Bags free. A. BLOOMINGDAIiB, Schenectady, N.Y. 
DaIaIaaa—*B arman, Cobbler, Pink-eye, Six-weeks, Queen, 
roiatoes —Rose, Russet, Others. 0. >T. FORD, Fhh«r«,R.T. 
Various Horticultural Notes 
Evergreen Wind-breaks 
West of my house I have two rows of 
big maples, but find they are not sufficient 
for a wind-break. What distance should 
I plant evergreens from them, and at 
what time of the year to obtain the best 
results? What kind of evergreen trees 
would you set and how deep? c. P. H. 
Branchport, N. Y. 
If these maples stand close together, 
as they probably do, it will be useless to 
plant evergreens among them, as the roots 
of the maples have no doubt penetrated 
every foot of ground within the radius 
of their branches, thus completely monop¬ 
olizing the moisture and fertility of the 
soil to the detriment of everything else 
now growing under the trees, or that may 
be planted under them. If there is room 
on either side of the rows of maples 
beyond the radius of their branches to 
plant evergreens, there is where they 
should be planted. They may be planted 
in a hedge-row or scattered in group 
fashion, whichever way suits your fancy 
or would seem to meet your requirements 
best. If planted in hedge-rows they 
should stand in the row three or four 
feet apart, and if grouped they can be 
placed six to 10 feet apart, making sure 
so to plant them that there will be no 
large openings among the trees for wind 
to sweep through in the years to come. 
Norway spruce is the best for this pur¬ 
pose. The trees are very hardy, tough 
in wood and attain to good size in a 
very few years. Spring is the best season 
for planting evergreens. Plant about two 
inches deeper than they stood in the nur¬ 
sery. K, 
Propagating Cherries and Spiraeas 
1. Can I propagate Gov. Wood cherries 
by budding on to stock grown from early 
Richmond seeds? 2. Can Spiraea \ an 
Houttei be grown from cuttings, and if 
SO, how ? E. H, K. 
Way land, Mich. 
1. Fruit-bearing cherries are propa¬ 
gated mostly by working them on Maz- 
zard stock, which is a hardy and vigorous 
variety, with inferior fruit, of our com¬ 
mon sweet cherry. Seeds and stocks of 
this may be readily procured in this 
country from any dealer in fruit tree 
seeds and stocks. When dwarf trees are 
desired and when the trees are to be 
planted in heavy clay soils the Mahaleb 
stocks should be used. The sour cherry 
has been used to some extent for stocks, 
and according to reports has proven very 
satisfactory, particularly iu sections of 
the country where great hardiness is de¬ 
manded. When worked with strong-grow¬ 
ing varieties they sucker very little, par¬ 
ticularly after the tree has reached bear¬ 
ing age. 
2. Spirant Van Houttei propagates very 
readily from soft-wood cuttings made lat¬ 
ter part of June or forepart of July. 
Select strong shoots and use only that 
part that has become firm. Make into 
cuttings about five inches long; remove 
all leaves except two or three at top, 
which should be clipped to half size. Put 
four inches of clean sharp sand in a cold 
frame and firm it with the back of the 
spade. Insert the cuttings in the sand 
to a depth of three inches or so in rows 
six or eight inches apart and three inches 
apart in the row. When all have been 
put in, water, soaking the sand thor¬ 
oughly. Put sasli on and whitewash the 
glass to exclude strong sunlight and heat. 
Keep sash down tight until .cuttings are 
rooted, watering at least twice daily, mid¬ 
dle of forenoon aud middle of afternoon 
fir 10 days or two weeks, after which 
once a day will be sufficient until cuttings 
are rooted and sash raised, when they 
are to be watered as x often as they require 
it. If the sand seems quite moist it will 
not be necessary to water heavily after 
the first soaking; all that is required is 
just sufficient to make up the loss of 
moisture by evaporation and soaking 
away. After a little experience you will 
soon learn how to look after the cuttings. 
When the cuttings commence to make 
vigorous top growth sash should be re¬ 
moved permanently, choosing a cloudy 
spell for removing them. The rooted cut¬ 
tings may be left in the frame until the 
following Spring, when they should be 
planted in the open ground in nursery 
rows until large enough to set in perma¬ 
nent place, cultivating and keeping them 
free from weeds during that time. K. 
Pruning Currants and Grapevines 
1. How should we prune Cherry cur¬ 
rant bushes that have been set for several 
years and have never been trimmed? 2. 
IIow should 1 trim a Diamond grapevine 
that has been out 10 years and never 
trimmed? It has grown to a length of 
nearly 20 feet. L *’• c - 
Seneca Falls, N. Y. 
1. When bush aud vine fruits that 
should be pruned annually have been long 
neglected, as these currant bushes have 
•been, it is hard to tell just what ought to 
be done, particularly when one has not 
seen them and knows nothing of their ac¬ 
tual condition. There are certain well- 
defined principles governing the proper 
method of-cultivating and training these 
fruits, that, if departed much from, or 
neglected altogether, are sure to lead to 
bad results. In the pruning of currants 
it should be the aim to renew a part of 
the plant with new growth from the root 
every year, and to cut out a correspond¬ 
ing number of the old stalks. In general, 
currant bushes should be composed of 
from five to eight stalks, headed back at 
20 to 24 inches in height. If the plants 
are in a good, strong, vigorous condition, 
and the young footstalks are pinched or 
cut back when attaining this height, they 
will produce several lateral branches and 
tints form a broad-headed, compact bush, 
with a maximum expanse of bearing wood. 
Currant bushes suffer more or less from 
attack of stem-borers, frequently causing 
main stalks and laterals to die off. When 
pruning, all dead and weakened stalks 
and branches should be removed and 
burned. If these old plants are thinned 
<yit to six or eight of the strongest and 
best stalks this Spring, and the lateral 
branches of those allowed to stand are 
cut back about one-fourth, that will be all 
that can be done for them this year in the 
way of pruning. The plants should be 
liberally supplied with well-rotted stable 
manure, spaded in the soil around them as 
early as the ground is in condition to 
work. After spading the ground, scatter 
thinly in a circle of three feet or so around 
each plant a small spadeful of chicken 
manure and rake it in. Do this before 
growth starts, if possible. This will in¬ 
duce vigorous growth and put the 
plants in condition to produce good crops 
of fine fruit. Currants, when so treated 
annually, if properly pruned, will remain • 
in good vigor and produce good crops an¬ 
nually for many years. 
2. This old grapevine is no doubt a 
tangled mass of live and dead wood, and 
it will be difficult to do much with it. 
Perhaps in making a start at pruning it 
will be besc to cut out all dead wood first ; . 
then you can see justjiow much live ‘wood 
remains to work on, and the condition it 
is in. All w-ak canes of last year’s 
growth should be cut back to within one 
bud of the main vine. The strong young 
canes may be left in various lengths; 
some will be better cut back to two or 
three buds, and in the case of others it 
may be to greater advantage to leave five 
or six buds, or even more, much depending 
on circumstances. A part of the main or 
old branches really should be cut back to 
within three feet or so of the ground 
this year, iu order to induce new bearing 
canes to be thrown out near the base of 
the vine, and next year more of the old 
vine should be cut down likewise. By 
this means practically a new vine can be 
established from the old root, which, if 
kept manured and pruned properly, will 
prolong the life of the vine in good bear¬ 
ing condition for some years to come. If 
you know of anyone iu your community 
who understands grape culture it will be 
well to call him in to advise with you 
about this old vine. Do the pruning any 
time now when the temperature is above 
freezing, the sooner .the better. k. 
Tractor Costs 
For the season of 191S the following 
arc costs of tractor upkeep: 
Interest . 
Labor, repairs and sup- 
plies . 
119 08 
Depreciation . 
217.17 
$304.75 
181 hours draw-bar w< 
irk at 
$1.75. $322.00 
07 hours belt work at 75c. 72.75 
’ $394.75 
The labor charge of operator is in addi¬ 
tion to this. Such items as cleaning 
crank case and overhauling are in report, 
but charging gas and oil and filling grease 
cups are in the operating time largely. It 
will be noticed the charge for depreciation 
is larger than expense items and interest 
charge. If the machine had been used 
more hours this could be reversed. De¬ 
preciation is based oil about six years’ 
life of machine. J. L. DEAN. 
Maine. 
Soap for Plant Lice 
F. M. II.. page 4(17. asks for method 
of destroying green bugs or lice on pkmts. 
Remedy; A suds of white soap and 
water sprinkled on or applied to the 
plants will exterminate the pest. 
Arlington, N. Y. M. A. u. 
Tomatoes are being contracted for $20 
a ton to Heinz. Other houses as yet are 
not in the market. The farmers have 
been asking $30; acreage to be smaller. 
The potato acreage is to be smaller. They 
are selling at $1.75 per bu. for seed. Corn 
is $1.25 to $1.30 per bu. Apples, 75c to 
$1.25 per basket. Sweet potatoes scarce; 
$1.50 to $2 per basket. Oats, 75 to 85c 
per bu.; gluten, $58 to $00 per ton. Milk 
is 7 to 7%c at the different creameries. 
Clover seed. $30 to $32 per bu. W. M. K. 
Salem Co., N, J. 
