The RURAL NEW-YORKER 
657 
The Dairymen’s League Goes Ahead 
The promoters of the Dairymen’s League Co¬ 
operative Association, Incorporated, are not to wait 
the approval of farmers for the organization of the 
enterprise. The charter of the corporation was filed 
with the Secretary of State last week. The incor¬ 
porators are: Itoswell I). Cooper, Little Falls; 
Frederick II. Thompson, Holland Patent; Leigh G. 
Kirkland. Randolph; Herbert .T. Kershaw, Sher¬ 
burne; Albert Manning, Otisville; George M. Tyler, 
Honeoye Falls; Frank M. Smith, Springfield Center; 
Arthur L. Smith, De Ruyter; Bradley Fuller, Utica, 
and Earl La id law, St. Lawrence County. 
Utica, New York, is made the principal office of 
the company, the annual meeting to be held on the 
last Thursday of February. The liability of mem¬ 
bers for indebtedness is said to be fixed in a sum not 
to exceed .$100. The incorporating board was or¬ 
ganized with the following officers: 
President, Bradley Fuller, Utica ; vice-president. Her¬ 
bert J. Kershaw, Sherburne ; secretary, Geo. M. Tyler, 
Honeoye Falls; treasurer, Frank M. Smith, Springfield 
Center. 
Reports indicate that, this is so far an official 
movement. Farmers do not understand if. and have 
not had sufficient information to enable them to get 
a comprehensive understanding of its scope and of 
its effects. Since the price of milk for distribution 
in New York is to he based on the value of milk 
for butter and cheese, any neighborhood can take 
its choice of shipping milk or making by-products. 
But up to three years ago milk prices were largely 
regulated by the price of butter and'Cheese, though 
a little premium was usually paid in order to get the 
fluid milk shipped in seasons of scarcity, and farmers 
are not clear as to how the proposed project is 
going to differ from the old regime. They are asking 
for information and discussion. 
Another Cheese Company Fails 
Milk producers are again called upon to take a 
financial loss on milk bills. This time the loss 
comes from the failure o£ Sam Kappler, Julia Kap- 
pler and Leroy Kappler and Sam Kappler & 
Company, Inc. The individuals are stockholders. 
Liabilities amount to $57,536 and the assets about 
$2,400. For the most part creditors are farmers 
who furnished milk. The company was making 
cheese at Lee Center in the northern part of Oneida 
County, New York, and had been in the business for 
some years. Why they should fail now when cheese 
can be produced at a profit, at the price of milk for 
New York City is not explained. 
The law provides for the bonding of milk com¬ 
panies who buy milk direct from producers, and the 
Council of Farms and Markets is charged with the 
duty of enforcing the law. The requirement of a 
bond, however, is discretionary with the Council, 
and as far as we have been able to ascertain when 
failures occur no bonds are discoverable to prefect 
the producers. Tt is pretty near time this process 
of hide and seek with the milk dealers should be 
discarded for something definite. As it is now. the 
bond law simply gives the producer a false feeling 
of security and a larger loss than he would probably 
incur if he were left entirely to his own resources. 
While the Farm and Market Council is dominated 
by middlemen interests we believe there is a minority 
on it who have an interest with the farm, but tin* 
thing we are not. able to reconcile is the failure of 
this minority to make an effective and public protest 
against the majority of the Council, which so far 
at least, has faithfully served the distributing 
interests. 
Prospect for Condensed Milk 
Before the January milk strike we were selling milk 
in a large territory here in Steuben County, X. Y., and 
Tioga County, Pa., to condenseries, but discontinued 
during tin* strike. We were not ineluded in the settle¬ 
ment, and built cheese plants to handle the milk since. 
As members of the League, why is it our milk was not 
included in the settlement? We are proposing now to 
build a condenscry ourselves. What is the prospect for 
condenseries in the future? reader. 
As to the first question, we do not know. We have 
always insisted that the League should protect all 
of its members alike, and it has now come to admit: 
the obligation, hut has not yet put. it into practice. 
If conditions are just right in a neighborhood :i 
condensery may he built by producers with fair 
prospects for success; but it requires larger capital, 
more skillful management, greater delay and risk 
in selling than liquid milk. Just now condensed 
milk is in great demand to satisfy the European 
trade. It pays better than buttei or cheese *»r fluid 
milk in New York. For this reason there is a ten¬ 
dency to go into the production of condensed milk. 
There is a chance to overdo it. The present demand 
comes from Europe, and the question to consider is 
how long will it last? None of the dairy countries 
of Europe lias been much disturbed by the war 
except France. The dairy cows over there have been 
reduced only about 15 per cent. The condition of the 
cows is not good, but grass is coming now, and the 
usual feed supply will soon be available. In three 
or four months Europe’s dairy herds should be pro¬ 
ducing close to their normal supply. When this 
happens foreign buyers will disappear and we will 
feel the loss of our'foreign trade The condenseries 
that are in operation now are making good profits: 
but if you start to build now the demand may be on 
the wane before the product of the new plant could 
be marketable. 
Of course no one can say now how long the de¬ 
mand for condensed milk will keep up. We know 
no more about it than any other observer with the 
same information, but it is our best judgment that 
producers are likely to be disappointed if they are 
led by the present foreign outlook to make big in¬ 
vestments in it. If properly developed we believe 
the home demand for fluid milk is more promising 
to farm-owned plants for the future than the foreign 
demand for condensed milk. 
The State as Dairyman 
To establish the cost of producing milk Mr. A. L. 
Hines of Herkimer County, New York, suggests the 
following plan: 
The State to purchase one of the hundreds of farms 
in Central New York which are advertised for sale for 
about the price of the present cost, of their buildings; 
run it one year and keep accurate accounts, including 
inventory at the beginning and end of the year’s busi¬ 
ness. Then with a lump sum of the receipts and dis¬ 
bursements and the number of quarts of milk which are 
produced, the cost to be determined as other manufac¬ 
turers figure their costs. 
If* the State would cut out just one of the useless 
investigations, and ostensibly for the farmers’ benefit, 
plenty of money would be available for the trial, and 
in addition to determining the question at issue, “some 
milk would he produced for the starving babies,” which 
high-priced commissions never do. All I would ask is 
that, the State work out the problem under the same 
conditions as are imposed upon the dairy industry of 
the State. 
Mr. Hines understands that it cost New York City 
12 cents per quart to produce milk on its Orange 
County .farm; but he thinks that the State with all 
its educational institutions might do better. 
Trouble Over “Cold Storage” Eggs 
Tn discussing the suspension of the rule requiring 
the marking of cold storage eggs recently it was 
stated on the authority of one who read from an 
alleged extract of the minutes that Dr. Jonathan 
Day, who is Commissioner of the City Market De¬ 
partment and ex-officio member of the Farms and 
Markets Council, had introduced the resolution. Iu 
reference to this Dr. Day writes: 
The rules applying to the stamping of cohl storage 
**ggs were suspended by the Council of Farms and Mar¬ 
kets on the recommendation, according to the minutes, 
of the Commissioner <>f Foods and Markets, by Dr. 
Eugene II. Porter. The resolution was passed at a 
meeting held in New York City on November 26. I 
was not present at the meeting on that day. I did not 
even know that the rule had been suspended until after 
the occurrence, when the minutes of the meeting of 
November 26 came to me. 
We are pleased to know that. Dr. Day was not 
responsible tor the resolution. The poultrymen of 
Connecticut are now tigbtiug an attempt by the 
dealers and cold storage interests to appeal a similar 
law in that State. The purpose of the opposition is 
to sell storage eggs at the price of fresh eggs. 
Two Sides to “Daylight Saving” 
Arthur Capper, the newly elected Senator from 
Kansas, announces that when Congress is called in 
extra session he will work to repeal the “new time” 
law. 
I propose to make the repeal of this law one of my 
first duties on taking my seat in the Senate when Con¬ 
gress convenes. Persons who favor the repeal of the 
law can help me by providing unmistakable evidence of 
the ill effects and unpopularity of the law among farm¬ 
ers. 
Among other arguments against the law, Senator 
Capper says: 
This early quitting of the day’s work encourages idle¬ 
ness and idle habits. With several hours of daylight re¬ 
maining between the time of quitting work and darkness, 
the farm bov is tempted to hop in the motor car and go 
ro town for a picture show or some other form of amuse¬ 
ment, not always as innocent, at the expense of time 
and money that can ill be afforded. Hands that receive 
as much as $75 a month have been known to spend all 
their wages iu just such frivolity. So the law is just as 
detrimental to the farm worker as to the farm owner. 
This would not count so much with us if farm 
workmen made up these Hite* hours by work in the 
earlier ones. They do not because they cannot work 
properly when crops are soaked with dew. 
On the other band, we have the following note 
from an old friend : 
One thing yon have been fooled about, and have got¬ 
ten on the wrong side, and that is daylight saving. It 
has come to stay, and the farmers are simply kicking 
against progress, just as they did when the' calendar 
was changed 11 days. In" the first place, except the 
small minority who have to drive to city markets, they 
are not being hurt any. The law does not change their 
hours; they have always boasted they were their own 
bosses and went and came to their work as they chose, 
«nd they still can do so. The fact that they are behind 
the rest of the world a bit ought not to trouble them 
any; they always have been and they ought to be used 
to it by this time. The only real grievance that a few of 
them, the truckers, have, is that lots of people will raise 
their own green vegetables, just as they did last year, 
and so there will be a slightly smaller market. But that 
injures only a very few, and with a little thought they 
can turn to stuff that the amateur cannot raise very 
well, or cannot raise enough of to affect the market. 
They will simply make themselves ridiculous, as the 
Canadian farmers have already done, by not passing 
their law for another year. What happened was that all 
the rest of Canada fell into step with us and the farmers 
are trailing along. 
We print that because it is always good to know 
just what the other fellow thinks of us. Our friend 
is the one who has been “fooled” into the thought 
that farmers have no real grievance iu this matter. 
No one will be likely to deny that The R. N.-Y. has 
superior opportunity for knowing what farmers de¬ 
sire. Iu the thousands of opinion on this daylight- 
saving problem less than-half a dozen actual farmers 
have argued in favor of it. In all our experience we 
have never known a more nearly unanimous senti¬ 
ment than the one condemning “daylight saving.” 
We must conclude that most city people are incapa¬ 
ble of understanding farm conditions. It will prob¬ 
ably be better to stop trying to make them under¬ 
stand, and follow Senator Capper! Do our city 
friends realize that is what will follow on a much 
larger scale as a result of their policy? 
New York Dog Law 
Will you print the New York State dog law in The 
It. N.-Y. ? I have a neighbor who claims he can shoot 
my shepherd dog because she drives his Cows off my 
property when I set her on, and pulls their tails. They 
come either when running loose on the road or-through 
his fence. The dog never goes further than our own line 
after them and stops when called. f. r. 
It would require too much space at this busy time 
to print the entire dog law. Send to the Agricul¬ 
tural Department at Albauy and ask for a copy. Sec¬ 
tion 139a of this law is as follows: 
Dogs to be Killed for Attacking Animals —Any per¬ 
son may kill a dog while it is attacking, chasing or wor¬ 
rying any domestic animal having commercial value, or 
attacking fowls or while such dog is beiug pursued there¬ 
after. 
We find nothing in the law to justify a man in 
using his dog to drive trespassing stock off the prem¬ 
ises, and under the above section we think the owner 
of the stock would have the legal right to shoot the 
dog (if he can get a permit to carry a gun!) We 
have pointed out the injustice of this several times. 
Many people who have small, well-kept places, are 
annoyed beyond endurance by the poultry which care¬ 
less neighbors will not restrain. These hens do uu- 
told damage, and in former years our advice was to 
keep a smart little dog and train him to chase the 
hens away. Under the present dog law we think the 
owner of the poultry would have the right to shoot 
such a dog. Thus about all there is left for the dam¬ 
aged party to do is to shoot the hens! The result 
will be either a fight or two damage suits, one for the 
value of the heus. the other for the damage they did. 
Future of Apple Juice 
Recently a subscriber in Louisiana wrote asking 
where he could obtain some pure apple juice. Ap¬ 
plication at several eider mills showed that there is 
little cider left for sale. Here is one sample report 
from the Hudson Valley: 
“I have just called up the mill here and the manager 
tells me he is getting in carluts 30 cents per gallon, 
packing extra; that he only has a few barrels of sweet 
on hand, and that a man was in the office then begging 
him for that.” 
Our conviction is that with the enforcement of 
prohibition there will be such a demand for apple 
juice; pure arid sterilized, that the price will go to 
a poiut which will make apple growing for juice 
and vinegar alone a profitable venture—with the 
pomace for feeding. 
Membership Registration of the Federa¬ 
tion of Agriculture 
I favor a State-wide organization of the Federa¬ 
tion of Agriculture to be controlled exclusively In 
farmers, and to be governed by a majority vote of 
its membership. I shall do what T can to encourage 
the Federation anti you may register me as a 
member. 
