Toe RURAL NEW-YORKER 
Cows and Swine 
(Continued from page 663) 
young pigs to carry a full ham, a plump 
buttock ; but it is not easy to secure such 
covering of flesh over the shoulder and 
crops as we would often desire. Pigs of 
this age should be given an abundance of 
exercise, and if they are supplied with 
plenty of Alfalfa hay leaves, supple¬ 
mented with some mineral mixture made 
up of ground limestone, rock phosphate, 
sulphur and wood ashes, you will have 
no trouble with paralysis. 
8. Gentian is a tonic, but it should not 
be included regularly in a ration for pigs. 
It is useful in helping stunted pigs to 
reach their normal development, for it 
serves as a brace, stimulates their appe¬ 
tite and enables them to consume more 
food. I do not think the condition you 
describe was due to the fact that the 
pigs were fed gentian; but surely from 
an economical standpoint you could not 
afford to use increased amounts of this 
material fti your ration. A teaspoonful 
of gentian placed in the food once a day 
would be sufficient for two pigs weighing 
40 pounds apiece, and would correct dis¬ 
turbances of digestion, improve the appe¬ 
tite and increase the secretion of gastric 
juices, stimulate contraction of the 
stomach wall and prevent fermentation. 
This material should not be fed regularly, 
and should be considered as a medicine 
rather than as a food. 
9. Concerning the amount of the min¬ 
eral mixture that pigs of various ages 
should be fed, assuming that your mix¬ 
ture included equal parts of salt, char- 
• coal, wood ashes, ground limestone and 
copperas, and you desired to mix this in 
with the food, I would use five pounds of 
the mixture for each 100 pounds of grain 
fed. The South Carolina rock phosphate 
would serve very well, and the only 
material that I would add would be sul¬ 
phur, and it would be appropriate to use 
quite, as much sulphur as you use salt, 
and it would sqrve as one of the basic 
ingredients. It would not be necessary 
to build an expensive self-feeder for use 
in supplying this mineral mixture. It , 
may be supplied in an open box and the 
supply replenished from time to time. 
The pigs should have all that they would 
clean up of this mixture for, in addition 
to its being low in cost, it is satisfying 
and will establish a more complete diges¬ 
tion and efficient assimilation of the con¬ 
centrates fed. 
best way to give a cow grain—wet or 
dry? p. k. 
Ohio. 
The residue from bakeries commonly 
called “cracker dust” or “cooky waste” 
would not be especially cheap feed at $2 
per hundred pounds. Generally such 
materials contain all the sweepings from 
the factory, and contain foreign material 
that would not be useful in the mixture. 
Most of the cookies and crackers are 
salted, and an excessive amount of sodium 
chloride is objectionable for pigs. If it 
is.fed at a cost of .$40 a ton, it should be 
mixed with other grain materials, such 
as corn and oats, and should not consti¬ 
tute the exclusive diet for a growing pig 
or a brood sow. The material would not 
contain as much carbohydrate or as much 
protein as either middlings or oats and, 
in case you have skim-milk, a useful mix¬ 
ture would be 20 pounds of bakery waste, 
10 pounds of cornmeal, four pounds of 
ground oats, mixed with 150 pounds of 
skim-milk. I would not supplement this 
material with middlings, for there would 
be too much similarity in analysis. 
There are many advantages in feeding 
live or 10 per cent of oilmeal to pigs. 
Digester tankage carries more protein and 
is more concentrated than the oilmeal and 
therefore more desirable, since it is not 
as laxative. 
I would not moisten the grain for a 
dairy cow. If you are feeding moistened 
beet pulp, then it is allowable to mix the 
grain with the moistened pulp, or if you 
are feeding silage there are advantages 
in mixing the grain with the silage, in 
order that the mess will be cleaned up 
with greater relish by the cow. The 
mere, wetting of dry grain and feeding 
this in the form of a slop has no merit, 
and it is believed that regurgitation, com¬ 
monly known as chewing of the cud, is 
less efficient with cattle where the grains 
are mixed with a lot of water. In other 
words, a cow should eat her food rather 
than drink it, and there is a tendency to 
eat more rapidly where the food is 
moistened. 
Feeding Questions 
1. Do yon consider flint corn as good 
for feeding hogs as dent corn? 2. What 
is the value of potatoes as a hog feed 
when corn costs $3 per cwt.? 3. What 
is the value of a bushel of potatoes as a 
horse feed when oats cost 90 cents per 
bushel? 4. What is the value of carrots 
under the same circumstances? 5. What 
would you consider white turnips worth 
as a hog feed? 6. Would you consider 
corn and cob meal a safe feed for breeding 
stock, fed in conjunction with other feeds, 
of course? e. m. w. 
North Haven, Conn. 
1. There is very little, if any, difference 
in the feeding value of flint corn as com¬ 
pared with the dent varieties. Within 
certain restricted areas the flint corn 
reaches maturity during a shorter grow¬ 
ing season, and generally is more apt to 
be matured at harvesting time than the 
dent varieties. Furthermore, the flint 
corn is harder and scarcely as palatable 
as dent corn, which, no doubt, accounts 
for the fact that live stock generally pre¬ 
fer the dent corn to the harder flint 
variety. 
.2. One ton of potatoes carries 342 lbs. 
of digestible nutrients, while one ton of 
corn carries 1,714 lbs. Hence one pound 
of cornmeal would contain as much di¬ 
gestible material as five pounds of pota¬ 
toes. With corn selling for $3 per 100 
lbs. you could afford to pay 00c per 100 
lbs. or 36e per bu. for potatoes as a pig 
feed. It must be remembered, however, 
that corn supplies this digestible material 
in a concentrated form, while potatoes 
carry a high percentage of moisture, and 
serve their best purpose as an appetizer 
rather than as a real source of food 
nutrients. 
.3. On the same basis one ton of oats 
will yield 1,408 lbs. of digestible nu¬ 
trients. or one pound of oats would be 
equal in feeding value to 414 lbs. of pota¬ 
toes. With oats at 90c per bu. or $2.70 
per 100 lbs., you could pay slightly more 
665 
than 60c per 100 lbs. for potatoes, which' 
would be about 36c per bu. 
4. jOne ton of carrots will yield a total 
of 198 lbs., of digestible nutrients, as 
w ’th 342 for a ton of potatoes. 
At $1_ a ton 100 lbs. of digestible nu¬ 
trients in potatoes would cost $3 51, as 
against $0.06 for the same amount in 
carrots. One pound of potatoes is almost 
equal in feeding value to two pounds of 
carrots, based strictly upon analysis, yet 
carrots are better suited for feeding 
horses than potatoes, being more palat¬ 
able and more succulent. 
5. Rutabagas are not very valuable as 
a feed for hogs. Even at $5 a ton 100 
lbs. of digestible nutrients in rutabagas 
would cost $2.66. 
6. Corn and cob meal is a safe feed for 
cattle, but it is not at all suited for 
horses, sheep or swine. There is no feed¬ 
ing value in corncobs and they only 
supply bulk to the ration. This quality 
is not essential or desired in feeding ra¬ 
tions for horses and pigs. Corn and cob 
meal, buckwheat middlings and cotton¬ 
seed meal make a very useful combination 
for milch cows, but I would not, under 
any cix-cumstances, feed any other class 
of live stock on this material. Coi-ncobs 
are often responsible for colic among 
horses, and corn and cob meal is not 
relished at all by pigs, who apparently 
appreciate the fact that corncobs do not 
contain digestible nutrients. 
“Do you think that you could milk 10 
cows running?” asked the dairyman of 
the new hand. The professed handy man 
said he didn’t think he could, but he 
might manage it if they stood still. “Well, 
there’s the bucket, and stool,” said the 
herd-owner; “go down to the yard and 
have a try. I’ll see you by-aud-by. Later 
on he found the new hand despondent and 
distressed. “It’s no use, boss. The stool 
doesn’t seem to be big enough ; anyhow, 
I can't make the cows sit on it.”—Mel¬ 
bourne Australasian. 
Hen-eating Pig; Fattening for Pork 
I have a pig- (Chester White crossed 
with Yorkshire) that eats hens. The 
hens get in the pigpen. Is there any 
cure for this? I am going to raise three 
pigs this Spring for pork to sell next 
Fall. The pigs will be six weeks old in 
May. What would you advise for ra¬ 
tions? They are Chester Whites crossed 
with the large type Yorkshire. p. m. k. 
West Hartland, Conn. 
1. It is indeed very difficult to control 
a habit once contracted by pigs of eating 
chickens. It does not seem to be a mat¬ 
ter of a depraved appetite, but rather 
one of habit, and very little can be done 
to check the evil. I have known instances 
where a piece of leather about 6x8 inches 
was fastened by means of hog rings to 
the sow’s ears, and permitted to hang in 
such a way that she would be partially 
blinded and unable to see or grab the 
chickens. Clearly the best means of 
solving this problem would be to dispose 
of the sow in question for pork, for thei-e 
is very little hope that she would ever 
be cured of the evil. 
2. As for a ration for young pigs six 
weeks old. let me say that I prefer not 
to wean the pigs at. this age, but find 
that they can be fed more economically 
if they are left nursing the sow until 
they are nine or 10 weeks old. A ration 
made up of equal parts of cornmeal, 
ground oats and white middlings, with 
five per cent of digester tankage added, 
would be very well suited for such use. 
Cracked corn sprinkled with oilmeal and 
oat middlings is also very palatable, and 
could be supplied the pigs in reasonable 
quantities during the time that they were 
weaning. A pig will nibble away at this 
mixture when lie is three or four weeks 
old and if there is given an opportunity 
to feed in this* way weaning will be a 
very easy procedure and the pigs will not 
miss the milk from their dam. If you 
had any area that could be seeded with 
a forage crop you would find your gains 
would be less expensive, and your pigs 
would be more healthy and hearty if 
they had an opportunity of foraging on 
an area of even small size rather than 
be confined in a small pen. After the pigs 
weigh 75 pounds the middlings and the 
bxilk of the oats could be taken from the 
ration, and the pigs fattened on a mix¬ 
ture of nine parts of corn aud one part 
of digester tankage. 
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DAIN SYSTEM RAKE 
Feeding Bakery Waste 
Are cookies aud crackers at two ceuts 
a pound good hog feed for fattening and 
young growing pigs, mixed with milk and 
water to a thick slop? I can get plenty 
of these stale cookies for feed. Some 
neighbors do not think much of them 
They say that they prefer middlings at 
$3 a hundred. I have been feeding them 
for some time and I like them better. 
Would it be advisable to mix them with 
other feed? I can got any kii 1. What 
do you think of feeding a handful of 
oilmeal in their feed to these pigs, live 
months old, each feed? Which is the 
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