706 
The RURAL NEW-YORKER 
April 1!), 1910 
Youcdtvt have 
a Speedometer 
on tfouv arm 
Even if you could, it would not make you 
turn at a certain speed every time you used 
a separator. Own a separator that you do 
not have to coddle by turning at a fixed 
speed or by using speedometers and other 
contraptions. Do the sensible, practical 
thing and buy a Sharpies. 
SHARPLES 
SUCTION-FEED n 
Cream separator 
** Skims clean at any speed M 
! American ingenuity has perfected 
a principle in the Sharpies that 
S enables you to turn the handle 
* fast, slow or “as you like it.’' 
You can loaf along, or speed it up 
■ —and you do not lose a cent’s 
■ worth of butterfat nor change the 
■ thickness of your cream. From 
■ a straight, money-making stand- 
■ point alone, the Sharpies is the only 
■ separator you can afford to buy. 
Your nearest Sharpies dealer 
will tell you the rest of the 
I Sharpies story or send for our 
catalog and Sharpies Book of 
Old Songs, addressing Dept. 12 
** There are no sabttitatei for dairy food a '' 
| THE SHARPLES SEPARATOR CO., West Chester, Pa. 
Sharpie* Milker—the ONL Y Milker with a Squeeze 
G Branches: Chicago San FrancUco 
! DC-81 
iiiuniuiiHiiiiiiiiHninviiiiiimiiiiitiniiiiiiiiiiiiMniBn 
ReicharcTs Pure Beef Scrap 
at a Big Reduction 
will enable you to produce eggs at a big profit. 
It has been proven by Indiana Experiment Station, Bulletin 182, 
that 10% Beef Scrap added to a grain ration will cut the cost of 
producing eggs 400% as compared with grain alone. 
REICHARD’S HIGH GRADE BEEF SCRAP is sweet, 
clean and wholesome. Good enough to eat! Makes hens lay 
and chickens gron>. 
PROMPT SHIPMENTS GUARANTEED 
Write for our revised price list, also free booklet and samples. 
ROBERT A. REICH ARD 
IS W. Lawrence St. Allentown, Pa. 3 
Live Stock Questions 
Answered By Prof. F. C. Minkler 
Slaughter Waste for Swine 
What is the equivalent of slaughter 
waste from one cow iu tankage (such as 
head, feet, tripe, lungs and entrails 
cooked) ? At present I am feeding six 
brood sows and 15 shotes with slaughter 
waste of one cow _ per day. Is this too 
much compared with what I should feed 
iu tankage? F. N. 
It is not easy to determine just how 
much of the offal and waste from local 
slaughtering it is prudent for you to feed 
to your six brood’ sows and 15 shotes. 
This material could not be compared with 
tankage, for it is more bulky and does 
not carry as high a percentage of pi’otein. 
Nevertheless, if it is cooked, and provided 
the blood is saved and mixed with certain 
of the residual products, it would serve 
as a satisfactory appetizer and would add 
some protein to the ration. You could 
scarcely expect, however, the pigs to fat¬ 
ten on this material unless it was sup¬ 
plemented rather extensively with some 
such grain feeding as corn, rye, barley 
and oats, and I dou'bt the wisdom of 
using more than 25 per cent of this ma¬ 
terial in the mixture. Care should be 
exercised in mixing this material and, for 
the best results, it should be boiled down 
until it approaches the consistency of 
buttermilk. Then if it is mixed with the 
grain that is suggested it ought to serve 
a more useful purpose both in maintain¬ 
ing brood sows and in balancing up fat¬ 
tening feeds for market pigs. The shotes 
should be given all ofithe feeding mixture 
that they would conume with relish twice 
daily, while the brood sows should be 
limited to such an amount as will enable 
them to gain from a half to.three-quarters 
of a pound per day. 
More About Shorthorns 
I notice on page 3S6, in answer to an 
inquiry concerning the “Bates” Short¬ 
horns. the statement that Thomas Bates 
"copied” Amos Cruickshank's methods. 
That does not seem to me reasonable, as 
Thomas Bates of Shorthorn history was 
before Oruiokshank, and it was as a pro¬ 
test against the extreme breeding of Bates 
type of cattle to pedigrees rather than to 
utility that caused Amos Cruickshank to 
develop his great herd and so-called 
“Scotch” type. Thomas Bates, as stated, 
insisted on good milkers for his herd 
cows and a great number of the best 
milking Shorthorns trace to his herd, 
but several are of the so-called “short” 
breeding. I am writing this in a friendly 
spirit, as I have always admired The R. 
N.-Y. for its accuracy, and think it the 
best agricultural paper printed in the 
East. A. C. M. 
Eatontown, N. J. 
I am indebted to this reader for direct¬ 
ing attention to what was clearly a mis¬ 
leading and inaccurate statement concern¬ 
ing milking Shorthorn history. The 
point that I desired to bring out was the 
suggestion that the methods of breeding 
employed by Thomas Bates did not differ 
materially from those later used by Amos 
Cruickshank in improving the Shorthorns. 
Thomas Bates emphasized the milk-mak¬ 
ing functions of his charges, while Cruick¬ 
shank. protesting against the development 
of any animal that would not make both 
beef and milk, or that did not represent 
utility type, produced the so-called rent- 
paying cattle vf England, and blazed the 
way for the utility Scotch type that has 
gained such a popular following in every 
country. 
Bates did a lot of pioneering, and was 
“a wonderful, wonderful man; lie might 
become anything, even prime minister, if 
he would not talk so much”; such was 
Earl Spencer’s jocular but nevertheless 
close fitting characterization of Thomas 
Bates. Thomas Bates was 33 years old 
when Amos Cruickshank was born, and 
it is indeed remarkable to note how simi¬ 
lar were the methods employed in their 
successive endeavors to establish improve¬ 
ments iu the milking and beef-making 
type of cattle. There is nothing more 
interesting than reviewing the facts as 
assembled by Sanders in his hook en¬ 
titled “Shorthorn Cattle.” The Bates 
type of cattle is not only popular iu Eng¬ 
land. but is held in the highest regard by 
American breeders, who have adopted the 
name “milking Shorthorns” iu order to 
emphasize th; milk-making qualities of 
this type. I am indeed sorry that the 
reference was misleading. 
Inbreeding Swine 
I have six registered Berkshire hogs. I 
sell my young pigs for breeding purposes, 
of course, but now I have a market for all 
the pigs I can raise. The person I sell 
them to runs them through the Summer 
for Fall pork. My herd boar is an extra 
fine one and I would like to know what 
you think about breeding him to his own 
daughter for pigs to raise for pork. Will 
they grow just as well as pigs whose 
parents wetc not related? Of course, 
none of these pigs would be sold for breed¬ 
ers. c. c. 
New Jersey. 
Incestuous breeding—that is. the mat¬ 
ing of father and daughter—has been re¬ 
sorted to in a number of instances with 
questionable results, iu the production of 
market types. There is danger of de¬ 
creasing the constitutional vigor and the 
feeding qualities of the pigs, and it should 
not be resorted to unless the animals to be 
so mated are well grown and vigorous, 
and provided the foundation stock lias not 
been closely inbred. It is the continuing 
of this practice from generation to genera¬ 
tion that weakens the vitality and impairs 
the generative organs, decreases feeding 
qualities and the usefulness and value of 
the animals perpetuated in a herd. 
If the sire in question is particularly 
prepotent, if he has sired pigs that are 
good feeders, rapid growers and profitable 
gainers, you might safely resort to this 
practice, and the chances are about equal 
that the pigs might inherit the desirable 
qualities of this sire and prove very use¬ 
ful animals for market purposes. It 
would be more desirable to inbreed, even 
as closely as you have suggested, iu case 
you have a very small herd, rather than 
to go outside of your lineage and buy a 
boar that might not possess the desirable 
qualities that this oue has demonstrated 
as a sire. You must remember, however, 
that it would be doubtful judgment to 
keep any of those pigs for breeding pur¬ 
poses, unless, as has been stated, they are 
particularly well grown, and unless a dis¬ 
tinct outeross is resorted to in the next 
generation. The mating of animals closely 
related is very apt to introduce problems 
rather than help in their solution. 
Poor Milking Sow; Swine Breeding 
1. Will a sow’s milk test different from 
a cow’s? I had a sow fed a balanced 
ration, and in the best of condition, that 
could never fatten pigs well. When I 
took them away from her they would 
thrive wonderfully. My neighbor had a 
small sow, poorly fed and in poor condi¬ 
tion. which would fatten the best pigs 
around here, and all the same stock. 2. 
I have just bought two registered Berk- 
shires. five months old. and iutended to 
breed them in May. Is that too young, or 
would they have milk for their young? 
They are well fed and thrifty. I was told 
they would not mature before a year: is 
that so? p. t. o. 
Hudson, Mass. 
1. It is not uncommon to find brood 
sows that do not yield milk abundantly, 
and oftentimes the milk is relatively low- 
in butter fat and does not nourish the 
pigs in a satisfactory manner. Within 
the corn belt wo often find representatives 
of some of the fat breed of swine that are 
poor milkers, largely because they have 
been fed exclusively on corn, and their 
early maturing and fattening qualities 
have been developed to such a degree that 
their reproducing function and milk-mak¬ 
ing tendencies have almost been crowded 
out. In the South many of the so-called 
“razorbacks” are rather remarkable milk¬ 
ers. and it would seem that the tendency 
to mature at an early age and put on the 
maximum amount of flesh has a tendency 
to reduce the flow of milk. There is noth¬ 
ing that can be done that would modify 
the butter fat content of a sow’s milk, 
and. if she is not a generous milker 
and does not raise her pigs iu a satisfac¬ 
tory manner, the best thing to do would 
be to fatten her up after she weans her 
pigs and make another selection from the 
brood sows that are noted for their milk- 
making qualities. 
2. Concerning the two Berkshires that 
you have bought, let me say that if they 
are well grown and developed it would be 
policy to breed them when they are nine 
months old, which would bring them to 
farrow when they are a year old. I 
should prefer breeding them in June rath¬ 
er than in May, in order that they may 
farrow early iu September, for it is un¬ 
satisfactory to have gilts come in with 
their first litters during such hot 
weather as usually prevails iu July and 
August. Gilts that are well grown and 
not fattened too extensively often come iu 
II e when they are five or six months old; 
hut it would he poor policy to breed them 
at this early age, and I should delay 
mating them until they were nine or 10 
months old, or until they were old enough 
and large enough to mate without dan¬ 
ger of checking their growth and develop¬ 
ment. They will of course grow consid¬ 
erably after they have been bred, but it 
is poor policy to breed stunted stock of 
any type. 
“I wish I had been able to go into the 
army,” said Mr. Cumrox. “A noble am¬ 
bition.” “Not exactly. It’s mostly sel¬ 
fish. If I were a soldier maybe mother 
and the girls would collect funds to buy 
tobacco for me instead of ordering me 
out of the house every time I light a 
cigar.”—Washington Star. 
I 
j. 
M 
