The RURAL. NEW-YORKER 
741 
Memorial Trees 
Will you offer suggestions to a patriotic 
society wishing to plant memorial shade 
trees, in honor of our soldier dead? What 
would you consider the most suitable va¬ 
riety for this locality (Southern Chautau¬ 
qua County), how large trees may be 
planted, and what suggestions as to their 
care? G. E. M. 
Falconer, N. Y. 
Selection depends not only on climate 
and soil, but also on system of planting; 
whether a single memorial tree is to be 
set, or whether there is to be an avenue 
of shade trees. If a single memorial tree 
it should be long-lived, of noble growth 
and preferably a variety uncommon in 
the vicinity. One unfamiliar with your 
environment cannot offer the most satis¬ 
factory advice, for there may be local pe¬ 
culiarities that affect certain trees. For 
this reason it will be wise to .write to the 
Forestry Department of Cornell Univer¬ 
sity for further information, and also for 
a bulletin on Arbor Day planting. Large 
trees are moved very successfully by nur¬ 
serymen and landscape gardeners, but the 
labor cost is naturally high. The method 
usually employed was described in our 
issue of March 2, 1918. page 346. Young 
trees of smaller size may be planted at 
less expense, and will make rapid growth 
under favoring conditions. 
Among long-lived trees are the oaks, 
elms, hickory, linden, tulip, sycamore, 
white ash, etc. The chestnut cannot be 
considered, because of the disease now 
prevalent. There is no finer tree than the 
American elm, Ulmus Americana, and it 
is so closely associated with the heroes of 
the American Revolution that it seems 
especially suitable as a memorial tree. 
The English elm. with smaller and more 
regularly cut leaves, and a variety of it 
called the Belgian elm. are equally desir¬ 
able : the Belgian elm is specially suited 
for street planting. The American white 
oak. Quercus alba, and the mossy-eup or 
bur oak. Q. macrocarpa. are both noble 
trees of large size. The bur oak, with its 
deeply lobed leaves, is one of the most 
striking of our native trees, and its stately 
growth, size and longevity would make it 
a noble memorial. The red oak is anothe" 
fine native variety. The tulip tree or 
white wood makes a beautiful specimen, 
but is rather difficult to transplant ex¬ 
cept when small. Our personal choice for 
a memorial tree would be an oak or an 
elm. p^ferably a native sort. The tree 
should be given protection when young, by 
fencing or guard, so that it cannot be in¬ 
jured by animals or careless humans, and 
any insect enemies should be properly 
controlled. It. is very necessary, in set¬ 
ting sue 1 ' a tree, that a site be chosen 
where future sewers, gas mains, electric 
light and telephone poles will not injure 
its growth and longevity. 
The Onion Maggot 
Every year we have dozens of questions 
about killing the onion maggot. When the 
insect once gets at work the carbolic soap 
emulsion will answer if poured along the 
rows. This consists of one gallon of boil¬ 
ing water in which has been dissolved one 
pound of soap and a pint of carbolic acid. 
Emulsify by churning together violently. 
Dilute this stock solution with 30 parts 
water before using. Some gardeners use 
sand soaked with kerosene and scattered 
along the plants. The fly which lays the 
eggs can often be killed by using poisoned 
bait. This, according to the Cumberland 
Co.. X. «T., News Letter, consists of one 
ounce sodium arsenate dissolved in one 
gallon of boiling water to which is added 
one quart of molasses and a handful of 
finely chopped onions. There are three 
methods of application which have given 
fairly good results. One is to go over the 
field as soon after planting as flies appear 
and preferably within a week and with a 
whiskbroom distribute the material in 
coarse drops over the surface. This meth¬ 
od must be repeated every three or four 
days until danger is past. Another meth¬ 
od is to use leek or bunch onion stalks as 
a container for the poison bait. By this 
method the stalks cut in two to four inch 
lengths are immersed in the prepared bait 
iu a pail or barrel. They are then dis¬ 
tributed in handfuls a few feet apart over 
the field, and the little pile protected from 
the sun and rapid drying 'by a shingle or 
bit of board. The third method is placing 
the containers, such as clam shells or tins, 
containing the poison, in place of the 
bunch of onion tops. These two last meth¬ 
ods need not be repeated so often as the 
whisk-broom method. 
Creosote Drip from Chimney 
The creosote drip in chimuo\*» is caused 
by keeping the draft in the stove closed 
nearly all of the time. We have a tight 
stove for wood only that we can burn 
with the draft open a greater part of the 
time. Enough heat goes up the chimney 
to warm it and prevent the moisture from 
condensing in the chimney and dripping. 
We have another stove that we have to 
burn with the draft closed, will not do 
to open it but two or three minutes at a 
time, therefore no heat goes up chimney. 
The chimney is always cold, and if there 
is any moisture in the wood it will con- 
deuse in the chimney and drip down. If 
the draft strikes the fire direct, or goes 
up through a grate, it will burn so 
strongly that the draft lias to be kept 
closed. If the draft does not go through 
the grate and there is something to pre¬ 
vent it from striking the fire direct, the 
draft can be kept opeu the greater part 
of the time, thus keeping the chimney 
warm and preventing the moisture from 
coudensing mrs. geo. mcvurdy. 
T HERE is frequently a difference of from $4 to 
$10 per ton between choice hay and hay that 
grades No. 3. It is to your interest to raise the 
best grade of hay possible. You can do this by 
applying the Dain System of air-curing hay. This 
requires only the use of the Dain System Rake. 
When the mower passes over the field the heads 
of the hay fall back, as shown in the illustration 
above. You can follow the mower closely with the 
Dain System Rake—turn the hay while the leaves 
are still active, delivering it in medium-size wind¬ 
rows on clean, dried-out stubble. Raking against the 
heads places the bulk of the leaves on the inside 
where they cannot sun-scorch, and the stems on the 
outside, insuring thorough evaporation of moisture. 
By adjusting the angle of the teeth the density of 
the windrow is controlled, allowing free circulation 
of air. And the Dain System Rake has the widest range 
of tooth adjustment . 
It is an easy rake to operate. You can put machine 
in and out of gear, change the angle of the teeth and 
raise or lower the raking head with levers that are 
accessible from the seat. 
The Dain System Rake has unusual capacity. This 
is made possible by the high steel arch and an ex¬ 
clusive feature— the inclined frame, which is highest 
at the point where the windrow is largest. 
The Dain System Rake is enabling thousands of farmers to 
make hay that grades high. Get this extra profit out of your 
hay land by employing the Dain System of air-curing hay 
JOHN fcDEERE 
DAIN SYSTEM L 
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2 Rector Street, New York City 
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333 W. 30th St.. New York 
