858 
‘J7v RURAL NEW-YORKER 
M:iy IT, 1910 
Live Stock Matters 
Conducted By Prof. F. C. Minkler 
Rotation for Live Stock Farm 
For some years I have been gaining ex¬ 
perience in farming on sandy land and 
frequently had drought to contend with in 
addition. Consequently it has taken me 
some time to figure out just what I could 
raise to meet my needs. You have among 
your correspondents so many able men 
that I am going to ask you to help me out 
with some of my problems, for there are 
some to which I have seen no solution. 
This year I am planting in such a 
way that I can get crops off infested fields 
so that I can go after quack grass with 
the tractor and spike or spring-tooth and 
disk harrows. But thereafter I want to 
settle into a rotation, or rather two rota¬ 
tions. with a view to running a farm 
and not a factory: in other words, to 
raise my own grain, if it is possible and 
profitable, and at the same time to stuff 
my soil full of humus, never leaving. it 
bare to flic high winds of Fall and Win¬ 
ter. 
Eventually I hope to have considerable 
Alfalfa (for Grimm does well here) and 
shall always grow a few acres of Euglish 
hay, but in addition to this I want to pro¬ 
vide for cash crops as well as live stock. 
To that end I want to put some of my 
land into rotations, making five acres the 
unit. 
I have set aside three acres in order to 
try out pasturing hogs. I know of no 
reason why this cannot bo done here, for 
in addition to the feed raised I have 
plenty of sltii .-milk up to the first of 
July and again after the middle of Sep¬ 
tember. Sows farrow in April (I have 
two at present 1. 
Here is my list of livestock today: 12 
cows (Guernsey, grade Guernsey and 
Holstein), .‘1 yearlings (pastured out May 
to October). 8 horses. 2 sows, (.55 hens 
(will probably raise about 140 chicks). 
I have hopes of raising wheat and 
buckwheat to be ground in place of mid¬ 
dlings. and bran and Soy beans as a sub¬ 
stitute for tankage and cottonseed meal, 
so that I may be independent <>f the grain 
dealer. I have raised all of these, butt 
none for grain, and do not know what the 
grain yield would be. 1 can find out by 
trying'. 
Here arc the rotations proposed for the 
55 acres: 
1 ‘reliable 
FIVE-YEAR Crop 
1. Oats ..... 45 bn. 
Disk and seed 15 lbs. Crim¬ 
son clover. 
2. Kidney beans.. 15 bu. 
15 tons manure Fall ami 
Winter for corn. 
8. Corn . 50 bu. 
1 bu. cow peas ahead of last 
cultivation .(fodder! 4 tons 
4. Soiling crops . • •••;. ID tons 
Disk and seed T' bu. rye. 20 
lbs. vetch. 
5. Silage corn .*. S tons 
Cow peas as above. 
SIX-TEAK 
1. Field corn, manured. 50 bu. 
Cow peas. 
2. Potatoes. 150 bu. 
Disk and seed 2 bu. rye. 
8. Silage corn.. 8 tons 
Cow pens. 
4. Oats for hay. 4 tons 
Disk and seed Crimson 
clover. 
5. Soys . 15 hu. 
Disk and seed 2 bu. Winter 
wheat. 
0. Wheat . 20 bu. 
Manure in Fall and Winter. 
This arrangement gives the cover crops 
a chance to come through. Cow pens, of 
course, will be killed by the frost but 
with the corn stubble will prevent blowing 
and oats can go in early the next Spring. 
Crimson clover often winter-kills but 
makes good growth in the Fall, so that 
there is some gain in fertility and no 
blowing. 
I have never tried cow peas in corn. I 
usually grow a white dent and snap the 
ears, ensiling the stover, which is very 
heavy. But if I seed cow peas it might 
be better to use an earlier corn to pre¬ 
vent interference from the cow peas. Wo 
have fogs and heavy dews here and 1 
figure that the foliage of the cow peas will 
shade the ground enough to offset the 
moisture they will absorb. This T would 
like to know about. 1 would like to know 
whether it would be more profitable to 
thrash the Soys or to cut them for hay— 
or use both methods with them. 
I have read that Soy beans will pro¬ 
duce abortion in cows and sheep, but d<> 
not know whether this refers to grain or 
hay, or both. Soys are used so much 
with corn for silage (I expect to use them 
this year) that it probably does not refer 
to Soy silage. This I will be glad to be 
informed on. T find that I get about I x /j 
tons of Soy hay per acre. It is often 
stated that 20 bushels of grain can he 
grown, but my laud is light and I limit 
my hopes to 15. 
1 have never tried Spring wheat and 
the Winter wheat lias always been used 
for early green feed. Barley yielded, in 
my one trial, about 25 bu. Oats average 
nearly 50 bu. Corn sometimes fails, but 
I know of no substitute. 
As to the pigs: I have -seeded rye on 
one acre.. On half of this I expect to 
seed a mixture of barley and field peas. 
After the first half is grazed off I will 
seed in Essex rape and fence it off. On 
the other two acres I plan to put corn 
and Soys in check-rows, and seed rye be¬ 
fore laying by. I have meat scraps for 
the hens and this year they can also go 
into the self-feeder with corn for the 
shotes. I hope that the above av ill take 
care of the two litters of pigs up to finish¬ 
ing time. Litters average eight. 
My land is all sandy. In some places 
there is a little clay, but there is no hard- 
pan and I have spent a lot of money on 
fertilizer which simply leached through. 
Now I use less, and on potatoes put a 
second application on top. Our Springs 
are cool and late, Summers hot and fre¬ 
quently without’ even a shower for a 
month, though we can watch them going- 
down Cape Cod; the Autumns are long 
and warm, frequently without frost until 
October. Thus it will be seen that we 
have a different climate from the main¬ 
land. c. I-:, d. 
Martha’s Vineyard, Mass. 
Your proposed plan of crop rotation is 
•a very practical one. Perhaps a few sug¬ 
gestions may be helpful. In the first 
place, I would use oats and Canada field ! 
peas rather than oats alone, for there is 
everything to be gained by growing these 
companion crops and absolutely nothing J 
to lose. In fact, equal parts of oats, bar¬ 
ley, and Canada field peas ought to give 
most excellent results on the type of soil 
and climatic conditions that you describe. 
They can he used for hay, ripened and 
thrashed if desired, or, if the pastures 
happen to be late or short, they make a ! 
splendid soiling crop. 
I am inclined to believe that Winter 
vetch would be better suited as a cover 
crop than the Crimson clover, for it is 
very hardy and equally as well suited for 
use on sandy soil. Crimson clover is 
very likely to winter-kill, while rye and 
vetch will be found more hardy. 
In connection with the cover crop in 
the corn, I would introduce a variety of 
seeds rather than rely upon the cow peas, j 
The mixture of equal parts of cow peas, I 
Soy beaus, and rye, seeded at the rate j 
of a bushel and a half per acre, would j 
not only improve the fertility of the soil j 
•hut would give you a very useful crop for j 
grazing after the corn has been taken off. j 
I believe also that you would find it | 
equally as profitable to grow the silage 
corn by itself and the Soy beaus or cow- 
peas by themselves, rather than undertake 
to grow them in combination for use iu 
the silo. It is not easy to cultivate the 
corn with cow peas in combination, neither 
is it easy to' harvest them, although I 
take from your outline that you propose 
to seed the cow peas after the first cultiva¬ 
tion of the corn. This plan is a prac¬ 
tical one. 
I should prefer using the Soy beans as 
forage or cutting them as bay, in prefer¬ 
ence to harvesting and thrashing them. 
It requires special machinery to care for 
Soy beans, they are a very dirty crop to 
handle in any event, and the yield i>er 
acre scarcely justifies tho extra pains that 
they require. They are a short season 
crop and do not: conveniently fit into your 
rotation. 
Have no fear, however, that Soy beaus 
will produce abortion in either cows or 
sheep. They can safely constitute as 
much ns 15 or 20 per cent of the ration, 
and make a splendid supplement for corn 
and silage. I prefer, however, to put the 
Soy beaus in the silo, for they are dis¬ 
posed of with one operation, and they do 
very materially increase the feeding value 
of silage. I doubt whether the Soy beans 
would yield as much as 15 bushels per 
acre under the conditions you describe, 
and I am sure that you will be better 
pleased if you do not tackle the harvest¬ 
ing and thrashing of them. 
There is nothing so helpful as buck¬ 
wheat in controlling quack grass. It is 
necessary to grow a cultivated crop at 
least two years in succession in order to 
get quack grass under control, but ap¬ 
parently buckwheat smothers it out as no 
other plant will do. Millet does the 
same thing, but the latter does not have 
much feeding value. Ground buckwheat 
has many virtues as a ration for dairy 
cattle, and you would do well to plan an 
(Continued on page 805) 
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If your dealer can't supply you order from 
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Dept. B 141, 12th St. & Central Avo., Chicago, Ill. 
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From ’high producing tuberculin tested dairy cows 
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Send for sales list—TODAY. .'. 
MARKHAM & PUFFER, Avon, N. Y. 
For Sale-!_ 
from good milking Doe. Thoroughbred registered 
Buck. W H. TREADWELL, 55 Grassy Plain St., Bethel. Conn. 
~ HORSES 
rn U„„,l Ok„l|„ n rl AND I.AK0KR PONIES all 
OU 11830 onenano ntrea.'md colors. Semi stamp for 
liew price list. THE SHENANGO PONT FARMS. Oept. D. Eipyville, P«. 
M Thoroughbred Shetland Pony 
Very pretty. I’OWEI.L t’Ul.KK fr'AKHH, M»j» I mnll.r, M. J. 
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herd in biggest Shetland Producing County in U. S. 
SHEEP 
ForSalo—Fine Reg. Shropshire Ram f.™ 
I,smb«, *15, Clark Double action Harrow and S inch tiro 
wagon, *'J5 each. WORTH KOt'BK, Rout. No. t, O.Wklll, ,N. V. 
For Sale—Choice Lot of Registered Tunis Rams 
Literature Free. J. N. McPHERSON, Scottsville, N. Y. 
Reg. HAMPSHIRE SHEEP. HAMS end 
rOiualB ewes. Apply orimt hum, rnretuu., n. i. 
MILKING SHORTHORNS 
SWINE 
[ 
SWINE 
j 
Thoroughbred Duroc-Jerseys 
M i I king 
Shorthorns 
Walgrove Herd 
OVER 50 HEAD IN HERD 
At the recent Breeders’ Sale, Erie, Pa., March ‘21st, 
of over 100 head, we sold the top priced bull, a ten- 
mos.-old calf. Herd heading bulls our specialty. 
WALNUT GROVE FARM. Wnshingtonville, N. Y. 
MiLKINGSHORTHORN BULL CALVES 
FOR SALE. Sired by Ferudale Duke, be out of 
Fern of Conochoheague, by Cyrus Clay. 
A. W.MAY, R. D. No. 4, El.MIKA, N. Y. 
M ARSH HI LI, FARM MILKING SHORTHORNS 
are heavy milkers of Btroiig const itution. Young Bulls 
from record cows, 0 to 8 idob., $‘200. EVERETT FOX, Lewtll, M»»». 
iale-Reg. HAMPSHIRE PIGS 
9 typo, good bolts. Most profitable hog on earth Clr- 
. ELITE STOCK FARM, It. 1, Oneida, N. V. 
Registered YORKSHIRE PIGS 
Six weeks old. S15 each. Satisfaction guaranteed. 
H. L. (JAKKKTT - Lymionville, N. Y. 
TAMWORTlfand' HAMPSH?RE SWINE 
write or visit KFYNOLUS-I.YBKOOK FARMS COMPANY 
gjuccu.sur to VVoslvlow Stock i'arni 
|t, J W,ili»ton-8ulcni. N. f. 
THE RED HOG 
Young Boar and Sow- 
Pigs, open and Bred 
Gilts, and Service 
Boars. 
Write for valuable book 
on Ilog Management, f ret. 
uh ENFIELD FARMS 
ENFIELD, CONNECTICUT 
John A. Mor Govern, Svpt 
Grand Champion Stock 
REGISTERED DUROC-JERSEV HOGS. 
FINEST BLOOD IN AMERICA. 
Sows coming in second litter 8100 each. 
Service boars Sired by Grand Champion. 
200 lbs.. $«S each. 
Orders now honked for Spring litters, 
MONKY REFUNDED IF NOT SATISFIED. 
SWEET BRIAR FARMS. Inc., Somerville. N. J. 
FOR SALE 
Bellmath Farm Durocs 
oigl 
dors booked for May and .nine delivery. Kail 
gilts ready to breed in May. (’olonel and Defend¬ 
er breeding. Send for description and prices. 
H. C. CROCKER & SON. Sennell. New York 
Delcndcr-Volnn- 
ftcr Breeding 
DUROC-JERSEYS 
Six-weeks-old Hoar Pigs at @15 eiscti. 
Sow Pigs all sold. 
F. B. CRAWFORD NORTH EAST, PA. 
Registered Duroc-Jerscys 
SERVICE BOARS—Fall Boars and Gilts SPRING PIGS 
REASONABLE PRICES FOR BEST STOCK 
GROVE A. GILBERT - Fulton, N. Y. 
DURO C-J" E R S E Y S 
8 weeks old; good size and color. Price, $15 each. 
Can furnish Hoar Pigs not akin. Pedigree tree. Re- 
ording 50c. extra. FRANK WINKLER, West Be rne, N.Y. 
Kinderhook Durocs Khuierhook 
CRITIC and PALS KING of Sunnyslde, weighed 14 1 I>h. at IS 
days age <iet the pedigrees, then you will want the pigs. 
Heady Juno 1st. KINDERHOOK OIJROC ASS’N, Kinilorhook, M. T. 
srXTTSlIlK Duron. Service boars from our April litters. A 
few gilts and boars from our Fall Utters. Booking orders 
from this Spring’s litters. J. E. v*n ALSTtNE, Kind.rbook, *.T- 
D!«« 830 pr. Fed. free: recorded, 6f>e. extra each 
UlirOCrlgS pig. SERENO WEEKS, De Graft, Ohio 
We have a full line of 
Chester 
White Pigs 
for breeding purposes, ranging from 10 wits, to 6 
mos. old, bred from registered tires and dams. Also 
a few Keg. Jersey cows, heifers and calves. Send 
stamp for Circulars. EDWARD WAI.TER, 
Dept. R, 11m iili, West Chester, Pennsylvania 
CHESTER WHITES 
THE PROFIT BREED 
Spring pigs from BIG SOWS and BIG LITTERS, 
$20 each with registration at 8 weeks. Boar pigs by 
RAJAH and PRINCE BIG BONE, at special prices 
We are always sold out iu advance, Order now if 
you want them. 
VICTOR FARMS, Bellvale, N. Y. 
O. I. C. PIGS 
six weeks old, 81) each. 
J. 0. Johnson. Lebanon Spring’s, N. Y. 
PureBreedO.I.C.Pigs Registry. 
Shipped at six wits. old. Price, *10, or $11 with the papers. 
A lot of Nieo Boars. ARTHUR FREEMAN, 1TT.A8KI, N. Y. 
O w , 8-10 wlcs. pigs. Schoolmaster and Trade- 
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SI’ltlfMl VAI.I.KV Farm, Ueniyhb, N.V. 
Large Type O. I. C.Pigs For Sale 
cd. Eligible to record. CJ. w. i*h kfnpaI'lii, Ohio 
Reg.O.I.C.&G.W. Pigs 
safo delivery guaranteed. JOHN L.VAN HORN. Troy, Brad.Co., Pa* 
ForSale-Reg.O. I. C. Pigs 
JAY G. TOWNSKND 
Memphis, Nkw York 
Reg.0.1. C. and Chester White Pigs 
100 Ret. CHESTER WHITE PIGS 100 
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furnish pairs or trios not itkin. A. A. SC HOF ELL. Hamilton, N.T. 
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For Sale—Reg. Big Type Poland China Pigs 
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Write for price* and let me tell you about my pigs 
<». S. 1I A I,I,. - Farimlnle, Oli" 
»i<> 
Practical 
Live Stock Books 
* 
•: 
:• 
•: 
I 
e* 
.* 
oe 
% 
*. 
FOR SALE BY RURAL NEW-YORKER 
FEEDS AND FEEDING—Henry . $2.50 
MANUAL OF MILK PRODUCTS- 
Slocking .2.00 
DISEASES OF ANIMALS—Mayo . 1.75 
PRODUCTIVE SWINE HUSBANDRY 
Day ....... 1.75 
BREEDING OF FARM ANIMALS— 
Harper ...... 1.50 
CHEESE MAKING- Van Slyke . 1.75 
BUTTER MAKING—Pub/ou; . . .60 
MILK TESTING—PuMout and Troy .60 
e- > 
